scholarly journals Research Progress on the Relationship between Obesity-Inflammation-Aromatase Axis and Male Infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Liu Yuxin ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Luo Xiaoxia ◽  
Luo Yue ◽  
Lai Junjie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Cyp19 Gene ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
The Relationship

Aromatase is a key enzyme in the transformation of androgen into estrogen. Its high expression will destroy the hormonal balance in the male body, and the excessive transformation of androgen into estrogen in the body will further damage the spermatogenic function of the testis, affect the normal development of the sperm, and cause spermatogenic disturbance. Adipose tissue has a high expression of aromatase and shows high enzymatic activity and ability to convert estrogen. Adipose tissue is the most estrogen-producing nongonadal tissue in the body because of its large size, accounting for about 20% of the body mass in healthy adults. PPARγ is recognized as the key adipose differentiation in the transcriptional regulation of the transcription factor. In the process of adipocyte differentiation, PPARγ regulate the expression of aromatase. The increase of aromatase is associated with the inflammatory response in adipose tissue caused by obesity. After obesity, the increase of proinflammatory factors in adipocytes will lead to enhanced transcription of the CYP19 gene encoding aromatase in adipocytes, which in turn will lead to increased expression of aromatase in adipocytes. This article reviews the regulation of male sterility from the angle of the “obesity-inflammation-aromatase” axis.

High TRAF3IP3 Level Predicts Poor Prognosis of Patients with Gliomas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guorong Yang ◽  
Shu Tang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Ling Qin
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose: TRAF3IP3 is involved in the maturation of immune cells, the development of immune tissues and the immune response of the body. TRAF3IP3 is shown to expressed in a variety of malignant tumor cell lines. Down-regulated expression of TRAF3IP3 in malignant melanoma can inhibit tumor growth. However, the role of TRAF3IP3 in glioma is still unknown. In this study, we aimed to study the relationship between TRAF3IP3 and glioma based on TCGA data.Method: We used the Wilcoxon rank sum test to compare the expression of TRAF3IP3 in glioma and normal tissues. Subsequently, Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and logistics regression were used to evaluate the relationship between TRAF3IP3 and clinicopathological parameters of glioma patients. GSEA was used to verify the key signal pathways involved in TRAF3IP3. We used the ssGSEA method to analyze the relationship between the expression level of TRAF3IP3 and the immune infiltration in the glioma tumor microenvironment. Finally, we used Kaplan-Meier and COX regression to evaluate the prognostic value of TRAF3IP3.Results: TRAF3IP3 transcription level was highly expressed in gliomas(P<0.001). And the high expression of TRAF3IP3 and WHO grade(OR=3.57(2.42-5.34), P<0.001), IDH status (OR=4.79(3.40-6.83), P<0.001), 1P /19q codeletion (OR=0.07(0.04-0.11), P<0.001), EGFR status (OR=2.77(1.65-4.81), P<0.001), histological type (OR=3.64(2.48-5.43), P<0.001), age (OR=1.64(1.13-2.41), P=0.01), and primary therapy outcome (OR=2.29(1.47-3.61), P<0.001) were significantly correlated. GSEA showed that six signaling pathways were significantly enriched in the TRAF3IP3 high expression phenotype group, including JAK STAT signaling pathway, interferon-γ signaling pathway, apoptosis, P53 signaling pathway, PD-1 signaling pathway, and CTLA4 signaling pathway. ssGSEA showed that the expression of TRAF3IP3 was significantly positively correlated with the infiltration of Macrophages, Th17 cells, etc. Multivariate COX regression showed that TRAF3IP3 was an independent prognostic factor for glioma OS (HR=2.169(1.301-3.615), P=0.003). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high expression of TRAF3IP3 was associated with worse PFS(HR=2.39(1.39-3.01), P<0.001), DFS(HR=3.02(2.27-4.01), P<0.001) and OS(HR=2.87(2.20-3.75), P<0.001).Conclusion: TRAF3IP3 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of glioma, and may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma.

scholarly journals The communication and psychology of identity on mobile dating apps for men who have sex with men

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Brandon Miller
Keyword(s):  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Body Language ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Relationship

The present study investigated the use of mobile dating apps for men who have sex with men (MSM), the privileging of masculinity in these online spaces, and related effects on attitudes about masculinity, the body, and the self. Using self-categorization theory as a framework, the study explored how men infuse masculinity/femininity and body language into their profiles in order to create symbolic boundaries between a masculine in-group and a feminine out-group, in the process further promoting an in-group bias for masculine partners. Findings indicated a clear preference for masculinity, both generally and in the form of the muscular male body. Drawing on selective self-presentation and the online disinhibition effect, the current work also investigated howpatterns of usage and personal attitudes impact photographic self-presentation, how the presence of face-disclosing and/or shirtless photos impact the use of language, and how visual self-presentation is related to demographic and attitudinal variables. The results indicated a connection between outness and face-disclosure, as well as between the amount of usage of MSM-specific mobile dating apps and face-disclosure. Men’s use of shirtless photos was significantly related to age, self-perceived masculinity, antieffeminacy attitudes, and drive for muscularity. Finally, priming theory was used to examine the relationship between MSM-specific mobile dating app usage and attitudes about men’s own and others’ masculinity/femininity and their bodies, as well as feelings of esteem and connectedness. Findings indicated connections between usage and self-perceived masculinity, internalized homonegativity, collective self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction, as well as social connectedness and anti-effeminacy attitudes for some men. Age, race, relationship status, education level, geographic location, and outness all served as important moderators. Constructions of gay masculinity have been associated with many issues, including risky sexual behavior, body dissatisfaction, disordered eating, lowered self-esteem, and racism. The current research advances our understanding of how MSM engage with masculinity/femininity and body language in a new media context, as well as the relationship between usage of MSM-specific mobile dating apps, psychosocial attitudes, personal feelings of esteem and connectedness, and photographic self-presentation strategies.

scholarly journals Advanced Research of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms on Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangfeng Hou ◽  
Wenjun Guo ◽  
Tianfei Fan ◽  
Bolun Li ◽  
Weipeng Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
The Relationship

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a cardiovascular disease with a high risk of death, seriously threatening the life and health of people. The specific pathogenesis of AAA is still not fully understood. In recent years, researchers have found that amino acid, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism disorders play important roles in the occurrence and development of AAA. This review is aimed to summarize the latest research progress of the relationship between AAA progression and body metabolism. The body metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of AAA. It is necessary to further investigate the pathogenesis of AAA from the perspective of metabolism to provide theoretical basis for AAA diagnosis and drug development.

scholarly journals Obesity = inflammation. Pathogenesis. How does this threaten men?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-23
Author(s):  
Z. Sh. Pavlova ◽  
I. I. Golodnikov
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Today, adipose tissue has ceased to be perceived only as an energetic substance with its intrinsic properties in the form of thermoregulation and mechanical protection, known since the beginning of the twentieth century. Today, adipose tissue is a fullfledged endocrine organ that is distributed throughout the body — the usefulness of its work directly affects the energy balance, not only through involvement in the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, but also by the production of many adipokines, a total of more than 600 known today. This review research the causal relationship of subclinical or systemic inflammation of adipose tissue with an excess of energy resources, insulin resistance, leptin, adiponectin, estrogen metabolites and one of the most pro-inflammatory cytokines - interleukin 6. Attention is also paid to the relationship between prostate cancer and obesity, as an ambiguous relationship due to the maximum paying attention to testosterone. Further study of adipose tissue will make it possible to establish specific pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the development of not only disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, but also a number of other systems in view of the not fully understood systemic action of adipokines and associated inflammatory mediators in obese individuals. Systematic literature search was perform in the Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and elibrary databases.

Variation in the chemical composition of adipose tissue of three species of ursids

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1512-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc R.L Cattet ◽  
Paul D Watts ◽  
Jeong S Sim
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the water content and lipid content of adipose tissue was compared between 25 polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and 25 black bears (Ursus americanus) to determine if it was affected by species differences in the fatty-acid composition of adipose tissue. The adipose tissue of polar bears had a lower water content and a higher proportion of long-chain fatty acids than did the adipose tissue of black bears, when compared at equal lipid content. The relationship between the body water and lipid contents was also compared among 11 polar bears, 18 black bears, and 6 brown bears (Ursus arctos) to determine if this relationship could be affected by species differences in the relationship between the water and lipid contents of adipose tissue. The body-water content in marine (polar) bears was less than that in terrestrial (black and brown) bears, and the differences in body-water content between the two groups became more apparent as the body-lipid content increased. These results suggest that the fatty-acid composition of adipose tissue can affect the body-water content, especially in fat bears. These findings have implications for the use of isotope-dilution models to predict body composition in bears.

Negotiating the Male Body: Men, Masculinity, and Cultural Ideals

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Wienke
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Cultural Ideal ◽  
Cultural Ideals ◽  
Male Body Image ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bodily Condition

In an attempt to understand the relationship between the body and masculinity, this paper explores the extent to which body image has significance in men's lives. I begin by considering the cultural ideal of the male body as conceived within the context of popular culture. Citing both cultural examples and empirical evidence, I argue that the muscular body type represents the dominant cultural ideal. I then explain how the present paper builds on prior research on the male body image. My argument here is that prior research has neglected to study the meaning of body image from the perspective of men's everyday lives and therefore provides an incomplete assessment of men's views of body image. In response, this paper draws from interview data compiled from a larger study, illustrating the different ways men relate to cultural ideals of male bodies, how men adjust to the demands of ideals, and how men normalize their own bodily condition. This paper suggests that men develop a number of complex strategies to negotiate the meaning of their bodies in view of cultural ideals of male physiques.

scholarly journals Metabolic endotoxemia: possible causes and consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
V. A. Beloglazov ◽  
I. A. Yatskov ◽  
E. D. Kumelsky ◽  
V. V. Polovinkina
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
The Relationship

This review article presents data from the literature, which provide an idea of the relationship between metabolic disorders occurring against the background of obesity and endotoxinemia, as well as the effect of these conditions on the maintenance of low-grade inflammation in the body. A description of the hormonal and immune restructuring of white adipose tissue, the main routes of entry and metabolism of endotoxin is given. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of the mutual influence of obesity and endotoxinemia. Described by Yakovlev M.Yu. in 1988 «endotoxin aggression» and Cani P.D. et al. in 2007, «metabolic endotoxinemia», in our opinion, is one of the most important triggers for the development and progression of a whole spectrum of acute and chronic diseases. Based on the data of recent years, adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ capable of influencing both metabolic processes and the state of innate and acquired immune defense mechanisms. It has now been proven that high-calorie diets lead not only to an increase in overweight, but also to an increase in the level of endotoxin circulating in the blood. An in-depth study of the ability of obesity and endotoxinemia to potentiate the mutual pro-inflammatory effect can help both in understanding the pathogenesis of the main cardiovascular, autoimmune, allergic and infectious (including viral) diseases, and in the development of methods for non-pharmacological and drug correction of these conditions.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Vitamin D and Pathogenesis of Bronchial Asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Zhilu Li ◽  
Bingxi Xu ◽  
Yingjing Du ◽  
Xiaomin Zhuang ◽  
Yuxuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Hormone Sensitivity ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

At present the incidence of bronchial asthma on the rise, its pathogenesis and the genetic immune and the relationship between social environment and other aspects are inseparable the activity of vitamin D (Vit D) in the body in the form of 1, 25 - (OH) 2 d3, mainly involved in bone metabolism and calcium absorption in addition to this, a growing number of studies show that in Vit D plays an important role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, play a role in the immune function of bronchial asthma growth hormone sensitivity adjustment and airway remodeling in this paper, the development of a variety of mechanisms, such as Vit D. Review the possible mechanisms affecting bronchial asthma, hoping to provide adjuvant treatment for patients with bronchial asthma, discover new treatment approaches, and improve the quality of life for patients.

Social behaviour, call repertory and variation in the calls of the pool frog, Rana lessonae (Anura: Ranidae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Schneider ◽  
Nasr Mahmoud Mohamad Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Mating Call ◽  
Rana Lessonae

AbstractAt a pond in Kottenforst, Bonn, West Germany, the calling period of the water frog Rana lessonae began on the first of May and ended by the end of June, 1983. The population is of the mixed type: 80-85 % of the individuals are classified as R. lessonae, the rest as R. esculenta. The reproductive period is subdivided into 3 successive phases: pre-spawning, spawning and post-spawning. Various exogenous factors, such as temperature, rainfall and sunlight, influence the reproductive period, and they particularly affect calling activity. The male frogs do not produce mating calls when the water temperature is below 14°C, or above 26°C. Female frogs prefer sunny places in the water during the spawning phase. Sexual activity is more intense in male R. lessonae than in male R. esculenta. Medium- and large-size male R. lessonae are more successful than small males in choosing suitable territories and in maintaining of amplexus with females. Male R. lessonae give four basic types of calls-mating call, two territorial calls and release call-and in addition two transitional calls. The basic types are given throughout the calling period, whereas the transitional calls are not. An increase in water temperature induces a decrease in call duration, intercall interval and pulse-group duration of the mating call. On the other hand, the frequencies and the repetition rate of the pulse groups are raised. Similarly, the duration of both territorial calls decreases at higher water temperatures, whereas their dominant frequencies are subjected to a notable increase. Body size has a prominent effect on the mating call. The number of pulses per pulse group and the different frequencies of the call decrease with increasing male body length. The lower pitch in the mating call produced by medium- and large-size males is assumed to play a role in their mating-success. The repetition rate of pulses and the dominant frequency in the territorial calls decrease as the body size of the frogs increases.

scholarly journals O CORPO MASCULINO E SUA REPRESENTAÇÃO COMO MÍDIA DE CONSUMO: publicidade de cosmético na revista Men’s Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Ana Luiza Coiro-Moraes ◽  
Marta Cristina Buschinelli Pongidor
Keyword(s):  
Men’S Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
Media Culture ◽  
Men's Health ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Print Advertising ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Window Displays ◽  
The Relationship

Este trabalho tem como proposta refletir sobre os conceitos do corpo como mídia na contemporaneidade e sobre a maneira pela qual a vaidade se relaciona com o corpo masculino, estimulando o consumo, na busca por uma aparência mais jovem. Discutimos o conceito de identidade e a forma como o masculino é representado na publicidade impressa de produtos cosméticos masculinos. Buscamos entender o consumo desses produtos através da imagem corpórea construída e apresentada na publicidade impressa. Finalizamos analisando um anúncio de produto cosmético masculino, publicado na revista Men’s Health, no mês de julho de 2015, para compreender a relação existente entre beleza, juventude, vaidade e consumo, concluindo que os corpos masculinos são vitrines da identidade.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comunicação; Cultura da Mídia; Corpo; Masculinidade; Publicidade.     ABSTRACT This work aims to reflect on the concepts of the body as media in the contemporary world and how vanity relates to the male body, stimulating consumption, in the search for a more youthful appearance. We discuss the concept of identity and the way the masculine is represented in the printed advertising of male cosmetics. We seek to understand the consumption of these products through the corporeal image built and presented in print advertising. We conclude by analyzing one ads of men's cosmetics published in Men's Health from July 2015 to understand the relationship between beauty, youth, vanity, and consumption, concluding that male bodies are window displays of identity.   KEYWORDS: Communication; Media Culture; Body; Masculinity; Advertising.     RESUMEN Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre los conceptos del cuerpo como media en la sociedad contemporánea y de que forma se relaciona con la vanidad del cuerpo masculino, estimulando el consumo, en la búsqueda de una apariencia más joven. Hemos discutido el concepto de identidad y cómo el macho está representado en la publicidad impresa de la cosmética masculina. Tratamos de entender el consumo de estos productos en la imagen corporal construida y presentada a través de la publicidad impresa. Terminamos com el análisis de uno anuncio de cosmética masculina, publicado en la revista Men’s Health, en lo mes de julio de 2015, para entender la relación entre la belleza, la juventud, la vanidad y el consumo, llegando a la conclusión de que los cuerpos masculinos son ventanas de identidad.   PALABRAS CLAVE: Comunicación; Medios de cultivo; el cuerpo; la masculinidad; Publicidad.

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