Relationship of Genetic Polymorphism For CYP19 Gen of Exon 3 With Quantity and Milk Composition in Domestic Female Goats

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the genetic polymorphism of the third exon for CYP19 gene on the quantity and composition of milk in local female goats. Blood samples were collected from female goats in the fields of some breeder in Babil Governorate/Al-Qasim City. Milk composition were examined in the Public Health Laboratory at Al-Qasim Green University/College of Veterinary Medicine, the genetic bundle of the third axon of the CYP19 gene was isolated, which was 140 bp in size, and its genotyping was determined according to the different nucleotide sequences and their association with the quantity and milk composition in the samples which tested in the Bayolat Laboratory in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate. The proportions of the distribution of the genotypes of the CYP19 gene in a sample of local female goats TT, GG and TG were 33.34%, 26.66 and 40%, respectively. The results showed prevalence of the TG genotype for CYP19 gene in the Iraqi local goats on the pure genotypes TT and GG, which was a highly significant superior (P<0.01) in the percentages of fat, protein, lactose and CFPP, as well as the significant superiority of the mixed genotype significantly on the pure genotype in the percentages of solid non-fat and density. It could be concluded from the current study that the selection of females with TG genotype as source for future generations to obtain a generation selected for the desired traits.

Impact of rs2414096 polymorphism of CYP19 gene on susceptibility of polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenism in Kashmiri women

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disorder in pre-menopausal women having complex pathophysiology. Several candidate genes have been shown to have association with PCOS. CYP19 gene encodes a key steroidogenic enzyme involved in conversion of androgens into estrogens. Previous studies have reported contradictory results with regard to association of SNP rs2414096 in CYP19 gene with PCOS and hyperandrogenism in different ethnic populations. Present study was aimed to investigate the impact of SNP rs2414096 polymorphism of CYP19 gene on susceptibility of PCOS and hyperandrogenism in Kashmiri women. Further we also studied the genotypic-phenotypic association for various clinical and biochemical parameters of this polymorphism. Case control study. 394 PCOS cases diagnosed on the basis of Rotterdam criteria and age matched 306 healthy women. We found a significant differences in genotypic frequency (χ2 = 18.91, p < 0.05) as well as allele frequency (OR 0.63, CI 0.51–0.78, χ2 = 17.66, p < 0.05) between PCOS women and controls. The genotype–phenotype correlation analysis showed a significant difference in FG score (p = 0.047) and alopecia (p = 0.045) between the three genotypes. Also, the androgen excess markers like DHEAS (p < 0.001), Androstenedione (p < 0.001), Testosterone (p < 0.001) and FAI (p = 0.005) were significantly elevated in GG genotype and showed a significant difference in additive model in PCOS women. rs2414096 polymorphism of CYP19 gene is associated with the risk of PCOS as well as with clinical and biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism, hence suggesting its role in clinical manifestations of PCOS in Kashmiri women.

Aromatase and the three little paralogs

The rapid progress of scientific knowledge is continuously built on established earlier findings. Integrating previous observations with more recent data can be challenging and occasionally well-established data is unfortunately overlooked. This may lead to unnecessary redundancy in research and, in the worst-case scenario, to misinterpretation of data. In the present contribution we would like to draw attention to such a circumstance, which has crept into several recent papers on expression and functional relevance of the porcine CYP19 gene cluster that encodes functionally distinct isoforms of aromatase cytochrome P450 (aromatase) in pigs.

Research Progress on the Relationship between Obesity-Inflammation-Aromatase Axis and Male Infertility

Aromatase is a key enzyme in the transformation of androgen into estrogen. Its high expression will destroy the hormonal balance in the male body, and the excessive transformation of androgen into estrogen in the body will further damage the spermatogenic function of the testis, affect the normal development of the sperm, and cause spermatogenic disturbance. Adipose tissue has a high expression of aromatase and shows high enzymatic activity and ability to convert estrogen. Adipose tissue is the most estrogen-producing nongonadal tissue in the body because of its large size, accounting for about 20% of the body mass in healthy adults. PPARγ is recognized as the key adipose differentiation in the transcriptional regulation of the transcription factor. In the process of adipocyte differentiation, PPARγ regulate the expression of aromatase. The increase of aromatase is associated with the inflammatory response in adipose tissue caused by obesity. After obesity, the increase of proinflammatory factors in adipocytes will lead to enhanced transcription of the CYP19 gene encoding aromatase in adipocytes, which in turn will lead to increased expression of aromatase in adipocytes. This article reviews the regulation of male sterility from the angle of the “obesity-inflammation-aromatase” axis.

The Association between Aromatase Gene Polymorphism Cyp19 Val 80 and Endometriosis Risk

Background: Endometriosis implant has been known to express aromatase enzyme, Cytochrome p450 that catalyzes androgen into estrogen. It causes local estrogen production, leading to increased estrogen level, and subsequently triggers endometriosis lesion. CYP19 gene resided at chromosome 15q21.1 is the biggest component of aromatase coding cytochrome p450 enzyme. Objective: To identify relationship between aromatase gene polymorphism CYP19 Val 80 and the risk of endometriosis. Methods: This is an observational case-control study using frozen DNA sample from women with endometriosis and/ or adenomyosis who had undergone laparotomy/ laparoscopy at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang January-November 2013. Samples were amplified and cut by PCR-FRLP using Rsa1 restriction enzyme. Results were divided into A/A genotype (homozygote mutant), G/A (heterozygote mutant), and G/G (homozygote wild type). Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 version. Results: PCR-RFLP results for A/A genotype were 20 (21.3%) in endometriosis group and 8 (8.5%) in control group. G/A genotype were 18 (19.1%) in endometriosis group and 22 (23.4%) in control group. G/G genotype were 9 (9.6%) and 17 (18.1%) in endometriosis group and control group, respectively. There was significant increase risk of endometriosis in women carrying genotype A/A to those with genotype G/G with OR 4.722 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Polymorphism on aromatase gene CYP19 Val 80 A/A increases risk of endometriosis.

The Association between Aromatase Gene Polymorphism Cyp19 Val 80 and Endometriosis Risk

A B S T R A C TIntroduction: Endometriosis implant has been known to express aromataseenzyme, Cytochrome p450 that catalyzes androgen into estrogen. It causes localestrogen production, leading to increased estrogen level, and subsequently triggersendometriosis lesion. CYP19 gene resided at chromosome 15q21.1 is the biggestcomponent of aromatase coding cytochrome p450 enzyme. Objective: To identifyrelationship between aromatase gene polymorphism CYP19 Val 80 and the risk ofendometriosis. Methods: This is an observational case-control study using frozenDNA sample from women with endometriosis and/ or adenomyosis who hadundergone laparotomy/ laparoscopy at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Dr.Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang January-November 2013. Sampleswere amplified and cut by PCR-FRLP using Rsa1 restriction enzyme. Results weredivided into A/A genotype (homozygote mutant), G/A (heterozygote mutant), andG/G (homozygote wild type). Data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 version. Results:PCR-RFLP results for A/A genotype were 20 (21.3%) in endometriosis group and 8(8.5%) in control group. G/A genotype were 18 (19.1%) in endometriosis group and22 (23.4%) in control group. G/G genotype were 9 (9.6%) and 17 (18.1%) inendometriosis group and control group, respectively. There was significant increaserisk of endometriosis in women carrying genotype A/A to those with genotype G/Gwith OR 4.722 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Polymorphism on aromatase gene CYP19 Val80 A/A increases risk of endometriosis.

Chrysoeriol Prevents TNFα-Induced CYP19 Gene Expression via EGR-1 Downregulation in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells

Estrogen overproduction is closely associated with the development of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Aromatase, encoded by the cytochrome P450 19 (CYP19) gene, regulates estrogen biosynthesis. This study aimed to identify active flavones that inhibit CYP19 expression and to explore the underlying mechanisms. CYP19 expression was evaluated using reverse transcription PCR, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunoblot analysis. The role of transcription factor early growth response gene 1 (EGR-1) in CYP19 expression was assessed using the short-hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of EGR-1 expression in estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We screened 39 flavonoids containing 26 flavones and 13 flavanones using the EGR1 promoter reporter activity assay and observed that chrysoeriol exerted the highest inhibitory activity on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced EGR-1 expression. We further characterized and demonstrated that chrysoeriol inhibits TNFα-induced CYP19 expression through inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-mediated EGR-1 expression. Chrysoeriol may be beneficial as a dietary supplement for the prevention of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, or as a chemotherapeutic adjuvant in the treatment of this condition.