P0928PHYSICALLY ACTIVE PATIENTS IN HEMODIALYSIS: DO THEY HAVE A DIFFERENT EATING PATTERN AND BODY COMPOSITION?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Garagarza ◽  
Ana Valente ◽  
Cristina Caetano ◽  
Inês Ramos ◽  
Mariana Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Physically Active

Abstract Background and Aims Body composition influences outcomes in hemodialysis (HD) patients. These patients need to follow specific nutritional recommendations and physical activity has been highly encouraged. The aim of this study was to evaluate if there are differences in body composition and in dietary patterns between physically active and no physically active HD patients. Method This was a multicenter observational cross-sectional study where 582 HD patients from 38 dialysis centers were enrolled. Clinical parameters were recorded and body composition analysis was performed with the Body Composition Monitor®. Dietary intake and physical activity were obtained respectively from the Food Frequency Questionnaire and from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, both validated for the Portuguese population. For the analysis, patients were divided in 2 groups: physically active (PA), if they follow the World Health Organization recommendations, and no physically active (NPA). T-student and non-parametric tests were performed to compare means and medians respectively. A p<0.05 was considered significant. Results Mean age was 67.8 ±17.7 years, 41.4% were female, 31.6 % had diabetes mellitus and median HD vintage was 65 (Interquartil range:43-104) months. PA patients were younger (p<0.001) and had a higher energy intake (p= 0.017), protein (p=0.016), total fat (p=0.023) and omega 3 fatty acids (p=0.006). Regarding body composition; higher total body water (p=0.027), intracellular water (p=0.002), lean tissue index (p=0.002), % lean tissue mass (p=0.001), body cell mass (p=0.001) and lower % fat (p=0.003) was found in PA patients. Urea pre-dialysis (p=0.013), albumin (p=0.026), creatinine (p< 0.001) and 6 months weight gain (p=0.047) were higher in PA patients whereas age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (p<0.001) was lower in these patients. No statistically significant differences were observed among other nutrients or parameters studied nor in body mass index, HD vintage or overhydration. Conclusion These data shows that, after comparing PA patients with NPA, differences were observed in body composition and clinical parameters related to a better nutritional status. Moreover, the PA patients` dietary intake was more approximated to the existing recommendations for this population, namely for energy and protein daily intake.

scholarly journals Body Composition in Women after Radical Mastectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8991
Author(s):  
Jacek Wilczyński ◽  
Piotr Sobolewski ◽  
Rafał Zieliński ◽  
Magdalena Kabała
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The aim of the study was to analyse the body composition among women after radical mastectomy. The body compositions of 30 women after radical mastectomy (study group) were compared with those of 30 healthy females (control group). The method of electrical bioimpedance was used to analyse body composition. The significant differences between the groups, unfavourable for women, following mastectomy concerned body mass (p = 0.021), BMI (p = 0.049), fat mass (%) (p = 0.007), fat mass (kg) (p = 0.005), total body water (%) (p = 0.002), left upper limb fat mass (p = 0.013) as well as right upper limb fat mass (p = 0.022). The body composition of women after radical mastectomy was significantly worse compared to the control group. The majority of subjects were overweight and had high levels of body fat. Abnormal body composition is a modifiable risk factor of breast cancer; therefore, improving lifestyle is important in the prevention and treatment of this disease. There is a need for education, dietary supervision and physical activity in women following radical mastectomy. The innovation of our study was the use of the modern bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method, which does not cause ionisation and is a gold standard in the field of body composition analysis. In future research, we plan to broaden the assessment of lifestyle and the significance of diet and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

scholarly journals Assessment of the diet and body composition of students recreationally training team sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
FILIP MICHAL BORYS ◽  
BEATA ZYSK ◽  
ADRIANNA ZANKO ◽  
DOMINIKA CHIMKOWSKA ◽  
JOANNA SMARKUSZ-ZARZECKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Training Team

Background: Knowledge about nutrition and supplementation during increased physical activity is still insufficient among people recreationally training sports. The aim of the study was to assess the diet, supplementation and nutritional status, as well as to characterize the body composition of students who recreationally train team sports. Material and methods: T he study group consisted of 49 students from team sports sections (19 basketball, 10 volleyball and 20 football). The research tools used in the study were: a 24-hour nutritional interview, a questionnaire (concerning dietary supplementation, the frequency and duration of training) and the results of body composition analysis. Results: The students’ diets had insufficient energy value and deficiencies of EPA and DHA, carbohydrates, fiber and vitamin D. Excessive supply was related to: sodium, iron and vitamin C. 53% of the respondents declared dietary supplementation. Noteworthy, students whose trainings were longer more often decided to change their eating behaviors. Conclusions: The diet of the studied group was not properly balanced in terms of energy and some nutrients. The results of the assessment of students’ diets indicate the necessity of nutritional education for people undertaking regular physical activity.

scholarly journals Higher Physical Activity Level Improves Leptin Concentrations in Spinal Cord Injury Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ana Paula B. Ramkrapes ◽  
Renata G. Duft ◽  
Ivan L. P. Bonfante ◽  
Keryma C. S. Mateus ◽  
Joice C. S. Trombeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
General Physical

The present study was designed to compare the body composition and indicators of chronic inflammatory grade, such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin concentrations in irregularly active and active SCI subjects. Thirty-two male subjects participated in this study. They were divided into three groups: able-bodied control irregularly active (control, n = 11 ), irregularly active with SCI (SCI-IA, n = 8 ), and physically active with SCI (SCI-PA, n = 13 ). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assessed serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. All volunteers performed the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) test, 24 h total energy expenditure (TEE), and body composition by skinfold thicknesses. Leptin concentrations were higher in the SCI-IA group when compared to the other groups, while no significant differences were found between the SCI-PA and control cohorts. In addition, no significant differences were found among groups for serum adiponectin and resistin concentrations either. The SCI-PA group showed significantly higher values for TEE and VO2max when compared to the other groups. Percentages of body fat and circumference were decreased in the control and SCI-PA groups when compared to the SCI-IA cohort. Associations between leptin and cardiorespiratory capacity and anthropometric markers were also observed. Our findings highlight that the lack of physical activity in the SCI subjects leads to poor general physical fitness and higher levels of body adiposity, which may induce hyperleptinemia, an essential marker for cardiometabolic disorders.

scholarly journals The changes in proportion and body composition of a woman practicing group fitness training for three months.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Agata Mroczek ◽  
Magdalena Chawałek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Training Cycle ◽  
Group Fitness ◽  
Fitness Training

Background: Physical activity is an excellent form of prevention of modern diseases. The most popular form of physical activity chosen by women is group fitness activities. Women are most likely to focus on exercises for the lower parts of the body (thighs, buttocks, abdomen). In recent years, dance classes (e.g. Zumba) or exercises on mini trampolines have become very popular. Regular fitness training contributes to positive changes in the proportions and body composition. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess the proportions and body composition of a woman via a 3-month group fitness training program. Case report: The study involved a woman aged 26, participating in fitness classes three times a week for a period of three months. The woman participated in the following training cycle: twice a week (Monday and Wednesday) in the Jumping Frog interval training on a trampoline; twice a week (Monday and Friday) in ZUMBA® classes; and once a week (Wednesday) in ABT classes (abdomen, buttocks, thighs). Her height and weight, waist and hips circumference, and the thickness of three skinfolds (subscapular, triceps, abdominal) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were calculated and body composition analysis (% of body fat, lean body mass) was performed. Two measurements were made: the first at the beginning of the training cycle, the second on completion. After three months of training, there were a decrease in body weight (2.2 kg), BMI (0.77 kg/m2), waist circumference (4 cm), hip circumference (2 cm), WHR (0.03), subscapular, abdominal and triceps skinfold (1 mm, 3 mm, 3 mm), body fat (2.6%) and perimeters, and an increase in lean body mass (1 kg). Conclusions: This study shows a positive effect of fitness training on body proportions and body composition.

scholarly journals Energy intake, physical activity and body weight: a simulation model

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Jeroen H. H. L. M. Donkers ◽  
Elisabeth W. H. M. Fredrix ◽  
Piet oekhoudt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass

In adults, body mass (BM) and its components fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) are normally regulated at a constant level. Changes in FM and FFM are dependent on energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). The body defends itself against an imbalance between EI and EE by adjusting, within limits, the one to the other. When, at a given EI or EE, energy balance cannot be reached, FM and FFM will change, eventually resulting in an energy balance at a new value. A model is described which simulates changes in FM and FFM using EI and physical activity (PA) as input variables. EI can be set at a chosen value or calculated from dietary intake with a database on the net energy of foods. PA can be set at a chosen multiple of basal metabolic rate (BMR) or calculated from the activity budget with a database on the energy cost of activities in multiples of BMR. BMR is calculated from FFM and FM and, if necessary, FFM is calculated from BM, height, sex and age, using empirical equations. The model uses existing knowledge on the adaptation of energy expenditure (EE) to an imbalance between EI and EE, and to resulting changes in FM and FFM. Mobilization and storage of energy as FM and FFM are functions of the relative size of the deficit (EI/EE) and of the body composition. The model was validated with three recent studies measuring EE at a fixed EI during an interval with energy restriction, overfeeding and exercise training respectively. Discrepancies between observed and simulated changes in energy stores were within the measurement precision of EI, EE and body composition. Thus the consequences of a change in dietary intake or a change in physical activity on body weight and body composition can be simulated.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Evaluation of the Influence of Body Composition, Physical Activity and Food Standard in the Serum Lipids of Low Risk Pregnant Women: A Cross-Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A296-A297
Author(s):  
Olivia Carla Bomfim Boaventura ◽  
Alina Coutinho Rodrigues Feitosa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Profile Measurement ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of maternal dyslipidemia (DLP) on fetal injury development occurs even in situations of transient DLP during pregnancy. Some authors define gestational DLP when the CT, LDL and TG concentrations are above the 95th percentile (P95%) and HDL, below the 5th percentile (P5%) for gestational age, but there is no consensus. OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of DLP in pregnant women using percentiles criteria with the V Brazilian Guidelines on Dyslipidemia and to evaluate the association of lipid profile with body composition, physical activity(PA) practice and dietary pattern. Methods: A unicentric cross-sectional study that evaluated low-risk pregnant women between 18 and 45 years old in two maternity hospitals in the city of Salvador-BA. Using a standardized questionnaire, sociodemographic data and clinical and health characteristics, nutritional status and PA practice were evaluated, as well as lipid profile measurement in any trimester of pregnancy, classifying pregnant women according to presence of DLP by two criteria. The food intake was quantified through the 24-hour food survey, obtaining the nutritional composition of the food with the aid of the NutWin® program and the intensity of the PA was assessed by means of the PA questionnaire for pregnant women (PAQP). Bioimpedance was used for body composition analysis. Statistical analysis was performed and a p value <0.05 was considered. Results: 165 pregnant women aged 28.6 ± 6.3 years were studied, with 57.6% in the 3rd trimester. Although only 13.9% of pregnant women were obese, with an average PGC of 36.2 ± 5.6%, there was distortion of self body image. Dairy and carbohydrate intake was out of the international recommendation range. The prevalence of any lipid alterations, according to the National Guideline criteria, was 84.7%:TC ≥ 200 mg / dL was found in 62.9%; LDL ≥ 160 mg / dL in 15.3%, HDL ≤ 50 mg / dL in 12.6% and TG ≥ 150 mg / dL in 59.6%. The prevalence of dyslipidemia by the percentile criterion was found in only 4%, with an increase higher than P95% for TC was found in 0.7%; for LDL, in 0.7%; for TG in 2.6% and below P5% for HDL in 2%. About 99.4% of the pregnant women had energy expenditure above 6.0 metabolic equivalents (METs). There was a positive correlation (p = 0.035, r=0.276) between body fat percentage and LDL values, between VLDL concentration and amount of carbohydrates ingested (p = 0.047, r 0.168) and an inversely proportional association between HDL analyzes and cervical circumference (p = 0.010, r= -0.227). There was no association of lipid profile with perception of body self-image, physical activity or eating pattern. Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidemia assessed by the criterion of the V Brazilian Dyslipidemia Guideline for adults was significantly higher than the prevalence identified by the criterion of specific pregnancy percentiles.

Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Clinical Parameters: Associations Between the Level and Type of Physical Activity in Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Cristina Garagarza ◽  
Ana Valente ◽  
Cristina Caetano ◽  
Inês Ramos ◽  
Joana Sebastião ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
World Health ◽  
Body Cell Mass ◽  
Body Cell ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Physical inactivity and muscle wasting potentiate each other and are highly prevalent among hemodialysis (HD) patients. The authors evaluated the association between physical activity (PA), clinical, nutritional, and body composition parameters in HD patients. Methods: Multicenter cross-sectional study with 581 HD patients. Clinical, body composition, dietary intake, and PA data were recorded. For the analysis, patients were divided into active (follow World Health Organization recommendations) and inactive groups. Results: A total of 20% of the patients followed World Health Organization recommendations on PA. Differences between physically active and physically inactive patients were observed in age, biochemical parameters and total body water, intracellular water, lean tissue index (LTI), body cell mass, energy, and protein intake. PA was a predictor of higher LTI, body cell mass, and energy intake independently of age, gender, presence of diabetes, dialysis adequacy, and dialysis vintage. Controlling for the effect of age, walking and vigorous PA were positively correlated with energy and protein intake. Vigorous PA was also positively correlated with LTI. Conclusion: The PA is a predictor of higher LTI, body cell mass, and energy intake. Vigorous PA is associated with an improved body composition and dietary pattern, whereas walking seems to be also associated with a favorable nutritional status.

scholarly journals Participating in Kinesiology Activities in Primaryeducation Students’ Free Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leona Roca ◽  
Marko Badrić
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
The Difference

The objective of the research was to investigate to what extent students of first and second grades of primary school participate in physical activities in their free time. We are living in the age of sedentary lifestyle, which is becoming a problem of public health. 189 respondents took part in this research of which 93 girls and 96 boys aged 7 to 9. To assess the level of students’ activity in their free time, a poll was used consisting of eight questions from the questionnaire “Fels physical activity questionnaire for children” (FPAQ). Based on queries from the questionnaire, indices were calculated from the area of sports (IS), free time (ISV; household chores (IKP) and total physical activity result (UTA). To assess body composition, anthropometric measures of height, mass, BMI and percentage of fat in the body were used. To assess those, we used the device for measuring physical composition– Omron BF500 Body Composition Monitor. Results indicate that 59.26% do not meet daily recommendations for participating in physical activities. As regards the difference in students’ age, it is notable that second grade students are somewhat more physically active. Observing average results, it is clear that students were most physically active in their free time. The lowest values were recorded in the area of sports at school, (1.15), yet lower values were also obtained from sports club activities (2.06). It is evident that students of that age are minimally active during their PE classes and this is a segment where the number of physically active students can be increased. Increasing physical activity at school shall encourage students to participate in physical activity outside educational institutions.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Overview of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity during School Recess: An Updated Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Sergio Pulido Sánchez ◽  
Damián Iglesias Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
World Health ◽  
After School ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

Interest in analyzing physically active behaviors during school recesses has grown in recent years as the school environment has consolidated (recess, physical education classes, lunch-time, before and after school) as a crucial space to bring these levels towards those recommended through intervention programs and improvements in the school environment. Unfortunately, in most of these studies, children do not achieve the 60 min a day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommended by the World Health Organization. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies objectively measured with accelerometers that have emerged in recent years to determine the amount of MVPA of children at recess. This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The extraction process for the studies included in this systematic review yielded a total of 43 articles. The studies were classified according to the methodological nature of the research: cross-sectional (n = 34), longitudinal (n = 3) and quasi-experimental (n = 6). The results of the studies confirm that during the recess period younger children are physically more active than older ones and that in general, boys are more physically active than girls. In addition, the data show that the school contributes to more than 40% of the total MVPA. The intervention programs led to an increase in MVPA of up to 5%. Providing schools with equipment and facilities shows that intervention programs are beneficial for raising children’s levels of physical activity.

scholarly journals Regular Practice of Moderate Physical Activity by Older Adults Ameliorates Their Anti-Inflammatory Status

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ferrer ◽  
Xavier Capó ◽  
Miquel Martorell ◽  
Carla Busquets-Cortés ◽  
Cristina Bouzas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Regular Practice

A chronic inflammatory state is a major characteristic of the aging process, and physical activity is proposed as a key component for healthy aging. Our aim was to evaluate the body composition, hypertension, lipid profile, and inflammatory status of older adults, and these factors’ association with physical activity. A total of 116 elderly volunteers were categorized into terciles of quantitative metabolic equivalents of task (MET). Subjects in the first and third terciles were defined as sedentary and active subjects, respectively. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, hemograms, and inflammatory markers were measured in plasma or peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs). The active groups exercised more than their sedentary counterparts. The practice of physical activity was accompanied by lower weight, fat mass, body mass index, and diastolic blood pressure when compared to a more sedentary life-style. Physical activity also lowered the haematocrit and total leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts. The practice of exercise induced a decrease in the IL-6 circulating levels and the TLR2 protein levels in PBMCs, while the expression of the anti-inflammatory IL-10 was activated in active subjects. The regular practice of physical activity exerts beneficial effects on body composition and the anti-inflammatory status of old people.

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