scholarly journals Application of a Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-Based Index for Evaluating Surgical Sites Prior to Sinus Lift Procedures—A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shishir Ram Shetty ◽  
Satyavrat Arya ◽  
Vinayak Kamath ◽  
Saad Al-Bayatti ◽  
Hesham Marei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Evaluation Scores ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Surgical Difficulty ◽  
Larger Sample

Objectives. Radiography-based indices can help surgeons perform detailed examinations of the surgical site and predict the surgical difficulty of cases. We aimed to develop and validate a novel CBCT-based index that can predict the surgical difficulty of sinus-augmentation procedures. Materials and Methods. In the first stage, five experienced dental specialists performed a review of the literature and closed group discussions and designed the novel index. In the next stage, the index was validated. CBCT scans of 30 patients scheduled for sinus-augmentation procedures were evaluated and assigned presurgical CBCT evaluation scores (PSCESs) by five examiners. Subsequently, one oral surgeon performed sinus augmentation using the lateral antrostomy technique and assigned surgical difficulty scores (SDSs) to each of the 30 cases along with 2 observers. The PSCESs and SDSs were statistically analysed to determine the interrater reliability and validity of the index. Results. The interrater agreement of the PSCES among the five presurgical evaluators was 0.85. The PSCES of the five evaluators had highly significant correlation ( P < 0.001 , r = 0.68   to   0.76 ) with the SDS. Regression analysis revealed that for every unit increase in the PSCES, there is 0.46 to 0.57 increase in the SDS value. Conclusion. The results of this pilot study revealed that a novel CBCT-based index can be used as a reliable tool for predicting the surgical difficulty of sinus-augmentation procedures. However, the novel index needs to be tested on a larger sample of patients and evaluators for a more concrete validity and reliability.

A Reliability and Validity of an Instrument to Evaluate the School-Based Assessment System: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Hasnida Md Ghazali
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Product Evaluation ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
System A ◽  
School Based ◽  
Practical Instrument

A valid, reliable and practical instrument is needed to evaluate the implementation of the school-based assessment (SBA) system. The aim of this study is to develop and assess the validity and reliability of an instrument to measure the perception of teachers towards the SBA implementation in schools. The instrument is developed based on a conceptual framework developed by Daniel Stufflebeam, that is the CIPP (context, input, process and product) Evaluation Model. The instrument in the form of questionnaire is distributed to a sample of 120 primary and secondary school teachers. The response rate is 80 percent. The content validity is assessed by the experts and the construct validity is measured by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The reliability of the instrument is measured using internal consistence reliability, which is measured by alpha coefficient reliability or Cronbach Alpha. The finding of this pilot study shows that the instrument is valid and reliable. Finally, out of 71 items, 68 items are retained.

scholarly journals A NEW APPROACH IN ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: SELF-EXPECTATION FOR ORGANIZATIONAL IMPROVEMENT AND A SCALE DEVELOPMENT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2701-2722
Author(s):  
Mukaddes YEŞİLKAYA ◽  
Gökhan KERSE
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Organizational Psychology ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Organizational Improvement ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this research is to bring the concept of Self-Expectation for Organizational Improvement” (SEOI) to the field of organizational psychology and to develop a measurement tool by forming the theoretical-empirical background of this concept. In the study, firstly, the theoretical framework related to the concept of SEOI was established and the concept of SEOI defined as follows; independent of the planned actions of the organization management, self-expectations that the individual has designed completely in his/her own mind and that there will be positive improvements and developments within himself/herself, with the individuals around him/her, and in the organization. Subsequently, a pool of items was created in accordance with the theoretical framework, a draft scale was obtained and a pilot study was conducted with 87 employees to determine the validity and reliability of this draft scale. In the analysis, a two-factor structure was obtained from the draft scale and it was found that this structure met the reliability and validity criteria. This factor structure was then tested on the main sample of 274 employees. All findings of the statistical analyses on the data obtained from the pilot study and the main sample showed that the developed scale had scientific validity and reliability and the scale was sufficient to be used in scientific researches.

Factors influencing cloud computing adoption for e-government implementation in developing countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathey Mohammed ◽  
Othman Ibrahim ◽  
Norafida Ithnin
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Cloud Computing Adoption ◽  
Proposed Model

Purpose This paper aims to develop a model and measurement to investigate the factors influencing cloud computing adoption as a part of developing countries’ alternatives to implement e-government services. Design/methodology/approach This study proposes a theoretical model based on the literature of technology adoption models. It constructs scale measurements for the proposed model constructs by extracting and adapting the items from the literature. The authors verify the scales’ content validity and reliability by applying face validity, pre-testing and pilot study. For the pilot study, the authors collect the data from 26 information technology staff in five public organizations in Yemen. The authors test the reliability of the scales using Cronbach’s alpha criterion, and then conduct exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the validity of the scales. Findings The results show that the scale measurements meet the conventional criteria of reliability and validity. Originality/value Theoretically, this paper provides an integrated model for examining cloud computing adoption for e-government implementation in developing countries. In addition, it develops an instrument to empirically investigate the influencing factors of cloud computing adoption in the context of developing countries’ e-government initiatives.

scholarly journals Development and preliminary validation of the competency model for rural general practitioner in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Wei ◽  
Yanli Liu ◽  
Xuexue Zhao ◽  
Guanghui Jin ◽  
Yali Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Competency Model ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Good Reliability

Abstract Background There is a shortage of rural general practitioners (GPs) in China. Training programs have been initiated to meet the needs of GP workforce in the rural areas; however, there is an absence of validated tool to assess their competencies. Objective This study aimed to develop a competency model for rural general practitioner (CMRGP) after training in China and to examine its validity and reliability. Methods A multistage process was adopted to develop the CMRGP comprised literature review, panel discussion and expert consultation, and the initial version of CMRGP was reduced from 10 domains and 77 items to 7 domains and 54 items. A pilot study was conducted among 202 rural GPs for the psychometric evaluation and application of the initial version of CMRGP, in which a questionnaire on the importance of items and self-evaluation was completed by the GPs. Results In the pilot study, 132 completed questionnaires (65.3%) were returned. Acceptability and face validity of the CMRGP were supported by high importance scores of the items, in which 52 out of 54 items achieved score higher than 4.00 (possible score from 0 to 5). Factor analysis supported the construct validity. After the modification, the final version of CMRGP contained 6 domains and 47 items. Good reliability was supported by internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s α was 0.98) and split-half reliability (Spearman–Brown coefficient was 0.99). Conclusions The CMRGP demonstrated good reliability and validity. Pilot study showed its potential for application in the rural general practice and training program.

scholarly journals Pilot Study on Students in Islamic Boarding Schools to Measure the Reliability and Validity of The Self-Regulation Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Shonia Dwiasa Pangukir ◽  
Dyah Astorini Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Reliability Coefficient ◽  
The Self ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Total Correlation

This study aims to conduct a trial to determine the validity and reliability of the self-regulation scale and determine what dimensions/aspects are considered capable of forming self-regulation variables. Validity and reliability tests are carried out to determine a measuring instrument’s level of accuracy and consistency. This self-regulation variable is measured by the seven dimensions of Miller & Brown (Neal & Carey, 2005), namely receiving, evaluating, triggering, searching, formulating, implementing, and assessing. Thirty-six students at Islamic boarding school X in Banyumas, Indonesia, were involved as participants. Analysis of the data used to measure validity using the corrected item-total correlation formula and reliability using Cronbach’s alpha, which was analyzed using SPSS version 25. The analysis results prove that from the seven dimensions of self-regulation, there are 25 valid items and have a reliability coefficient of 0.908. Thus, the self-regulation scale can be used for research.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factor of Diaper Dermatitis among Saudi Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 642-648
Author(s):  
Nader Mohamed ◽  
Haneen Ali Alshehri ◽  
Majed Zaki Bahader ◽  
Murouj Abdulrahman Alghoraibi ◽  
Reem Abdullah Alkenany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Diaper Dermatitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Patient Questionnaires ◽  
Questionnaire Result

Background: Diaper dermatitis (DD), commonly known as diaper rash is an inflammatory disease of the skin of diaper wearing area. It is usually seen in children belowss 24 months and is not considered by doctors as a serious problem. However, it often causes discomfort and apprehension among parents. Methods: A cross-sectional study performed through patient questionnaires. A total of 1344 patients were included in the study. A pilot was done to test the validity and reliability of developed questionnaire and also to calculate the minimum sample size for our study. By considering the values derived from the pilot study done among 50 parents of children aged 1-24 months who used diapers. A standardized methodology was followed in the validation of this questionnaire that included focus group discussion, expert evaluation, pilot study, reliability and validity assessment etc. Three experts in the field of medicine (dermatologist, pediatrician, and internist) and one biostatistician were involved in the validation of our questionnaire. Result: In our study majority of the participants were females (87.3%), and 55.3% belonged to the 20-25 years age group. The fixed orthodontic related history showed 59.8% had undergone the treatment for 1 to 3 years and 31.6% of the participants reported that they had removed the fixed braces for more than five years. Among these participants, 89.5% (n=34) reported that the fascia (space) closed between the upper frontal teeth after Frenectomy, and 65.8% (n=25) agreed that spaced between the two upper front teeth still closed after removing the retainer. Conclusion: The reported prevalence of diaper dermatitis in our study was found to more in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. There is huge anxiety created among parents, and this would result in increased pediatric consultations.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on Organizational Justice Scale for Student Organization: Result of Reliability and Validity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Thabrany Makmur Noerama ◽  
Catur Kurniawan ◽  
Tri Na’imah
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Interactional Justice ◽  
Student Organizations ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Psychometric Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

Organizational justice is an individual's fair perception of organizational decisions taken by its leaders. Researchers conducted a psychometric analysis to determine the validity and reliability of the organizational justice scale. The organizational justice scale is based on three dimensions: distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice. The pilot study involved 36 students who were members of the Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia. The validity test uses content validity, product-moment item selection while measuring reliability using Cronbach's alpha which is analyzed using SPSS version 25. The analysis results prove that 32 items are feasible and reliable with Cronbach's alpha value of 0.948. Thus, the organizational justice scale can be used for research on student organizations.

Using Principal Component Scores to Enhance the Validity and Reliability of Big Five Personality Measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Cucina ◽  
Nicholas L. Vasilopoulos ◽  
Arwen H. DeCostanza
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Big Five Factors ◽  
Component Scores

Abstract. Varimax rotated principal component scores (VRPCS) have previously been offered as a possible solution to the non-orthogonality of scores for the Big Five factors. However, few researchers have examined the reliability and validity of VRPCS. To address this gap, we use a lab study and a field study to investigate whether using VRPCS increase orthogonality, reliability, and criterion-related validity. Compared to the traditional unit-weighting scoring method, the use of VRPCS enhanced the reliability and discriminant validity of the Big Five factors, although there was little improvement in criterion-related validity. Results are discussed in terms of the benefit of using VRPCS instead of traditional unit-weighted sum scores.

Evaluation of Validity and Reliability of the High-Stress Inventory in a College Population: A Pilot Study

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linsey R. High ◽  
Nicholas K. Lim ◽  
Ruth S. O'Brien ◽  
Chelsea V. Mitchell ◽  
Samantha J. T. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
College Population ◽  
Stress Inventory

Marriage and transnational family life among Somali migrants in Finland

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulki M Al-Sharmani ◽  
Abdirashid A Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Family Obligations ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Transnational Family ◽  
Companionate Marriage ◽  
Spouse Selection ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Married Male

In this article, we investigate how marriage practices of Somali migrants in Finland are influenced by their transnational kinship. We examine how transnational family ties play a role in migrants’ spouse selection, marriage arrangements, and management of spousal resources. We also identify the factors that enable migrants to successfully navigate marital challenges caused by their transnational kin-based ties. These factors are: companionate marriage relationship based on emotional closeness and flexible spousal roles, compatibility in spousal resources, and the cooperation of couples in navigating transnational family obligations. We show how gender and generation are at play (in complex ways) in the interplay between transnational kinship and marriage. We draw on interview data from 16 married male and female interviewees, taken from a larger sample of 37 informants of different marital statuses. Our analysis is also based on data from focus group discussions

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