scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Lytic Staphylococcus aureus Phage WV against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm

Intervirology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yaxian Jiang ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Liming Jiang ◽  
Rui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Biological Surfaces ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Wide Range

<b><i>Background:</i></b> <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a Gram-positive, pathogenic bacterium that causes a wide range of symptoms in humans and can form biofilm, which is a multicellular community of microorganisms that attaches to nonbiological and biological surfaces. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Here, we aimed to isolate and characterize an <i>S. aureus</i> phage and examine the bactericidal activity alone and in conjunction with streptomycin treatment. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We isolated a virulent phage, WV, from a slaughterhouse in Jiangsu, China. This strain belonged to the family Myoviridae and presented a genome size of 141,342 bp. The optimal pH of the preservation buffer was 6–7, optimal growth temperature was 37°C, and optimal multiplicity of infection was 0.01. Phage WV can sterilize most clinical strains of <i>S. aureus</i> that had been isolated from clinical patients in the First People’s Hospital of the Yunnan Province. Against low-concentration <i>S. aureus</i> culture, streptomycin demonstrated a greater antibiofilm effect than that of phage WV. By contrast, in high-concentration <i>S. aureus</i> culture, phage WV demonstrated greater antibiofilm effect than that of streptomycin. The use of phage WV and streptomycin together had a substantially greater overall antibiofilm effect than that achieved using either component alone. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study provides strong evidence for the effectiveness of phage application for the reduction of <i>S. aureus</i> biofilm growth and suggests that phages can be considered as a viable alternative to antibiotics in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Staphylococcus Aureus Phage and Its Anti-Biofilm Activity Individually or Collaborative with Streptomycin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming Jiang ◽  
Rui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Optimal Growth Temperature ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Biological Surfaces ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus was a widespread of Gram-positive pathogen bacteria which causes a wide range of symptoms. Bacteria biofilm was the multicellular community of microorganisms that attached to non-biological and biological surfaces. Method: Here, we aimed to isolation and characterization of S. aureus phage and research its bactericidal activity that individually or collaborative with streptomycin.Results: In this study, virulent phage WX was isolated from slaughter house in Jiangsu, China. It’s belonged to the Siphoviridae family and optimal growth temperature was 37 ℃, the pH of optimal preservation buffer was 6~7, optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 0.01 and the genome size was 141, 342 bp. Phage WX has can sterilize most clinical strains of S. aureus which was isolated from clinical patients in the first people's hospital of Yunnan province laboratory. Streptomycin has better anti-biofilm effect than phage WX in low concentration culture of bacteria, nonetheless, phage WX has better anti-biofilm effect than streptomycin in high concentration culture of bacteria. Collaboration of phage WX and streptomycin have better anti-biofilm effect than alone of WX or streptomycin in low concentration culture of bacteria and phage WX have better anti-biofilm effect than streptomycin in high concentration culture of bacteria. Conclusion: The data of this study provided a strong evidence of application phage for reduce the growth of S. aureus biofilm, this study was important for clinic and replace antibiotics in some extent.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of Salmonella paratyphi phage and its lytic spectrum that correlation with pili

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming Jiang ◽  
Rui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Bacteria Culture ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Prevention and control of Salmonella biofilm have great importance for economic point and medical. Phages and their derivatives are ideal candidates for replacing or compensating of antibiotic problems in the future. Results In this study, the phage KM16 was isolated from slaughterhouse sump samples. It belonged to the Myoviridae family and optimal growth temperature was 42 ℃, the pH of optimal preservation buffer was 6 ~ 7, optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 0.0001 and the genome size was 170,126 bp. The phage KM16 has the ability to lytic most clinical strains of Salmonella paratyphi A and Salmonella paratyphi B. Phylogenetic analysis found that the 16S rRNA, crispr 1 and fimA genes of Salmonella paratyphi have a high similarity and correlation with lytic spectrum of phage KM16, but not correlated with the genes of invA, isrK and luxS. Above all, the lytic spectrum of phage KM16 correlation with tertiary structure of Salmonella pili, the pili of Salmonella was the recognition site for phage adsorption. Collaboration of phage KM16 and antibiotics have better anti-biofilm effect than alone of phage or antibiotics in low concentration of bacteria culture and phage have better anti-biofilm effect than antibiotics in a high concentration of bacteria culture. Conclusions The data of this study provided a new perspective to understand the relationship between phage lytic spectrum and difference of host strains.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Strain Exiguobacterium sp. KRL4, a Producer of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from a Tibetan Glacier

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 890
Author(s):  
Pietro Tedesco ◽  
Fortunato Palma Esposito ◽  
Antonio Masino ◽  
Giovanni Andrea Vitale ◽  
Emiliana Tortorella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Biological Assays ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Nematocidal Activity ◽  
Extremophilic Microorganisms ◽  
Unique Source

Extremophilic microorganisms represent a unique source of novel natural products. Among them, cold adapted bacteria and particularly alpine microorganisms are still underexplored. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel Gram-positive, aerobic rod-shaped alpine bacterium (KRL4), isolated from sediments from the Karuola glacier in Tibet, China. Complete phenotypic analysis was performed revealing the great adaptability of the strain to a wide range of temperatures (5–40 °C), pHs (5.5–8.5), and salinities (0–15% w/v NaCl). Genome sequencing identified KRL4 as a member of the placeholder genus Exiguobacterium_A and annotation revealed that only half of the protein-encoding genes (1522 of 3079) could be assigned a putative function. An analysis of the secondary metabolite clusters revealed the presence of two uncharacterized phytoene synthase containing pathways and a novel siderophore pathway. Biological assays confirmed that the strain produces molecules with antioxidant and siderophore activities. Furthermore, intracellular extracts showed nematocidal activity towards C. elegans, suggesting that strain KRL4 is a source of anthelmintic compounds.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriophage ZCSE6 against Salmonella spp.: Phage Application in Milk

Biologics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176
Author(s):  
Abdallah S. Abdelsattar ◽  
Anan Safwat ◽  
Rana Nofal ◽  
Amera Elsayed ◽  
Salsabil Makky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Food safety is very important in the food industry as most pathogenic bacteria can cause food-borne diseases and negatively affect public health. In the milk industry, contamination with Salmonella has always been a challenge, but the risks have dramatically increased as almost all bacteria now show resistance to a wide range of commercial antibiotics. This study aimed to isolate a bacteriophage to be used as a bactericidal agent against Salmonella in milk and dairy products. Here, phage ZCSE6 has been isolated from raw milk sample sand molecularly and chemically characterized. At different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) of 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001, the phage–Salmonella interaction was studied for 6 h at 37 °C and 24 h at 8 °C. In addition, ZCSE6 was tested against Salmonella contamination in milk to examine its lytic activity for 3 h at 37 °C. The results showed that ZCSE6 has a small genome size (<48.5 kbp) and belongs to the Siphovirus family. Phage ZCSE6 revealed a high thermal and pH stability at various conditions that mimic milk manufacturing and supply chain conditions. It also demonstrated a significant reduction in Salmonella concentration in media at various MOIs, with higher bacterial eradication at higher MOI. Moreover, it significantly reduced Salmonella growth (MOI 1) in milk, manifesting a 1000-fold decrease in bacteria concentration following 3 h incubation at 37 °C. The results highlighted the strong ability of ZCSE6 to kill Salmonella and control its growth in milk. Thus, ZCSE6 is recommended as a biocontrol agent in milk to limit bacterial growth and increase the milk shelf-life.

Isolation and characterization of lignocellulosic fiber from jute bast by the organic solvent degumming system: an alkali-free method

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110154
Author(s):  
Zhihui Qin ◽  
Shuyuan Zhao ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Zhaohe Shi ◽  
Longdi Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Standards ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lignocellulosic Fibers ◽  
Lignocellulosic Fiber ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Alkali Consumption ◽  
Scanning Electron

Degumming is the dominant method for insolating lignocellulosic fibers in textile applications. Traditional alkaline degumming (TAL), as a common method, requires a high-concentration alkali and has been a severe challenge to the environment. In the research reported here, the possibility of innovative jute degumming by organic solvents 1-2 propylene glycol and a combination of additive green oxygen (GO-OS) was studied. The results revealed that fibers could be extracted by this system (under condition of 0.9% GO-OS, 180°C, 120 min), and obtained fibers with higher breaking tenacity (7.1 cN/dtex), yield (65.7%), breaking elongation (2.87%) and residual gum (11.7%), which all meet the requirement of the relevant Chinese Textile National Standards. Notably, the required reaction time (120 min) of the GO-OS system was 180 min shorter than that of the TAL method. Furthermore, the modifications introduced by the degumming effect on physicochemical aspects were characterized and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. This study provides a promising degumming method for separating jute lignocellulose without acid and alkali consumption.

Isolation and Characterization of Bifidobacteria from diverse ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Halima Aurass Bahloul ◽  
Hadadji Miloud ◽  
Mebrouk Kihal
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Commercial Milk

Bifidobacteria represent the largest group of human intes nal bacteria. They have an important place in human health and represent the dominant group of micro ora. For this reason, they are key members of the human gut microbiota, particularly during the first one to two years following birth. The aim of this study was to test the sensibility of Bifidobacterium isolated from some strains at different concentrations of salinity and high concentration of bile as a criterion to select probiotic strains. Following the behavior of strains of Bifidobacteria isolated from different ecosystems was considered in order to develop the therapeu c aliment food . Samples from newborn infants aged 3 months, bee intestine, fermented commercial milk and yoghurt of bifidus containing Bifidobacteria was used and the isolated strains belonged to -breve and -longum species. The results of resisitance of our species of Bifidobacteria demonstrated a total inibition of croissance at 5.5% of NaCl but in 5% media of NaCl we observed a moderate croissance at di erent me of kinetics croissance .

Isolation and characterization of two new Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophages with potential to infect distinct bacteria from bovine mastitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibiana Martins Barasuol ◽  
Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti ◽  
Luis Antônio Sangioni ◽  
Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira ◽  
Ana Paula Muterle Varela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Double Stranded Dna

Abstract Bovine mastitis is an important disease of dairy cows, and Staphylococcus aureus is the etiologic agent most prevalent among the microorganisms. Mastitis caused by S. aureus present low cure rate with antimicrobials treatment and low vaccines efficacy. Bacteriophages or phages have been considered as an alternative for treating this disease. This study, we isolated and characterized two new S. aureus phages, namely B_UFSM4 and B_UFSM5, from bovine milk of cows with mastitis. The adsorptions rates were 10–20 min for B_UFSM4 and 20–30 min for B_UFSM5. Phages activities were relatively stable at pH 3–11; however, at temperatures of 50 °C-60ºC-70ºC/60 min, the phages were completely inactivated. These viruses presented infectivity in various bacteria isolated from bovine mastitis, where the lytic activity of phages B_UFSM4 and B_UFSM5 were 34.2%(13/38) and 42.1%(16/38), respectively, including isolates from S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus sciuri, and Rothia terrae. The complete genomes of B_UFSM4 and B_UFSM5 have 41.396 bp and 41.829 bp, with GC-content 33.97% and 33.98%, respectively. Both phages comprise 61 putative ORFs. The viruses have double stranded DNA and linear architecture. Phylogenic similarity was observed by proteome with Staphylococcus prophage phiPV83 (45,536 nt), Staphylococcus phage CN125 (44,492 nt) and Staphylococcus phage JS01 (43,458 nt). Based on the morphology, the phages belong to Siphoviridae family, presenting icosahedral head with a long tail, Caudovirales order and Biseptimavirus genus. Thus, two S. aureus phages (B_UFSM4 and B_UFSM5) were isolated and characterized, and these phages can be used as therapeutic or prophylactic candidates against S. aureus infections in cattle mastitis.

Paucimyces polynucleatus gen. nov, sp. nov., a novel polycentric genus of anaerobic gut fungi from the faeces of a wild blackbuck antelope

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radwa A. Hanafy ◽  
Noha H. Youssef ◽  
Mostafa S. Elshahed
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Antilope Cervicapra ◽  
Spherical Vesicles ◽  
Sequence Similarities

The anaerobic gut fungi (AGF; phylum Neocallimastigomycota) reside in the alimentary tracts of herbivores. Multiple novel, yet-uncultured AGF taxa have recently been identified in culture-independent diversity surveys. Here, we report on the isolation and characterization of the first representative of the RH5 lineage from faecal samples of a wild blackbuck (Indian Antelope, Antilope cervicapra) from Sutton County, Texas, USA. The isolates displayed medium sized (2–4 mm) compact circular colonies on agar roll tubes and thin loose biofilm-like growth in liquid medium. Microscopic examination revealed monoflagellated zoospores and polycentric thalli with highly branched nucleated filamentous rhizomycelium, a growth pattern encountered in a minority of described AGF genera so far. The obtained isolates are characterized by formation of spherical vesicles at the hyphal tips from which multiple sporangia formed either directly on the spherical vesicles or at the end of sporangiophores. Phylogenetic analysis using the D1/D2 regions of the large ribosomal subunit (D1/D2 LSU) and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) revealed sequence similarities of 93.5 and 81.3%, respectively, to the closest cultured relatives (Orpinomyces joyonii strain D3A (D1/D2 LSU) and Joblinomyces apicalis strain GFH681 (ITS1). Substrate utilization experiments using the type strain (BB-3T) demonstrated growth capabilities on a wide range of mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides, including glucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, cellobiose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, lactose, cellulose, xylan, starch and raffinose. We propose accommodating these novel isolates in a new genus and species, for which the name Paucimyces polynucleatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed.

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