scholarly journals Smart urban farming service model with IoT based open platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Am Suk Oh
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Service Model ◽  
Open Platform ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
The Government ◽  
Software Services

<p>Smart and efficient agricultural production or smart farming using IoT sensors, big-data and cloud service has proven its value for a decade but the effect depends on the agricultural environment of the country or society. In Korea, the population of urban farmers who utilizes small, possibly shared area in farming. Urban farming uses rooftop of the building or even indoor for cropping and many urban farmers may not have sufficient professional farming experiences. However, with information technology like cloud service, many critical farming process can be automated and requires minimal human intervention in monitoring and controlling sensors. In this paper, we propose a smart urban farming model which modifies TTA smart greenhouse standard such that cloud service us integrated with IoT sensors. The hardware design of integrated controller and subsequent software services are specified. This new model can be used to enhance smart urban farming which is one of top 10 agricultural policy of the government.</p>

scholarly journals Technological Change, Tenant Displacement and Adjustment in Pakistan: Some Preliminary Observations

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Salam
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

Agriculture in Pakistan has experienced a breakthrough which is com¬monly known as the Green Revolution. This breakthrough was achieved mainly through the introduction of high yielding varieties of wheat, rice and maize, increased use of chemical fertilizers, tractors, and substantial private and public investment in water development projects. All this has helped in shifting the country's agricultural production function outward. The agricultural policy of the government, which has encouraged the use of new technology, has also contributed to this shift and increased resource productivity.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF KAZAKHSTAN’S AGRIFOOD MARKET

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Bazhan Turebekova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
National Brands ◽  
Production Agriculture ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Activity

This paper focuses on foodmarket performance and analysis of Kazakhstan experiences with developing agriculture. In the paper the theoretic aspects of industry market performance, background of agriculture with emphasis on agrifood market is given. Examples from Kazakhstan’s experiences with development of the agrifood sector, and data from Kazakhstan Committee on Statistics are used. The result of analysis indicate that Kazakhstan has to develop the non-primary sector of the food supply chain in order to make it more competitive in global competition. Steps in this direction have already been taken by the agricultural policy of Kazakhstan. However, it is recommended that various issues must be addressed by the government, including the improvement of product quality and the creation of national brands, infrastructure development, creation of conditions for improving the technical support of agricultural production. Agriculture as the main activity of the rural population needs support. In this case indicators of agrifood market performance should be assessed.

An analysis of major environmental threats to human security in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Naresh Bhakta Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
The Government

The paper mainly analyses the environmental threats focusing on climate change to human security in Nepal. Major aspects of human security are interlinked and interconnected in our context. Among them, human security offers much to the vibrant field of environmental security in Nepal. Environmental threats are linked to the overall impact on human survival, well-being, and productivity. A great deal of human security is tied to peoples’ access to natural resources and vulnerabilities to environmental change. The major environmental threats in our context is the climate change which have widespread implications for Nepal, causing impacts to water availability, agricultural production, forestry, among many other detrimental effects. The critical threat of environmental security needs to be taken into serious consideration to save our succeeding generation. This article primarily interpreted the government action towards emerging environmental threat based on realist approach. For the study of theme of this article, descriptive and analytical research has been used to draw present major environmental threats in Nepal. With consideration to factors, this article attempted to identify the major environmentally vulnerable areas that are likely to hamper the overall status of human security in Nepal. This paper also tried to suggest the measures to enhance the environmental security considering prospects and policy focusing on Nepalese diverse aspects.

scholarly journals Agricultural subsidies and global greenhouse gas emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Laborde ◽  
Abdullah Mamun ◽  
Will Martin ◽  
Valeria Piñeiro ◽  
Rob Vos
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
High Emission ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Emissions

AbstractAgricultural production is strongly affected by and a major contributor to climate change. Agriculture and land-use change account for a quarter of total global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). Agriculture receives around US$600 billion per year worldwide in government support. No rigorous quantification of the impact of this support on GHG emissions has been available. This article helps fill the void. Here, we find that, while over the years the government support has incentivized the development of high-emission farming systems, at present, the support only has a small impact in terms of inducing additional global GHG emissions from agricultural production; partly because support is not systematically biased towards high-emission products, and partly because support generated by trade protection reduces demand for some high-emission products by raising their consumer prices. Substantially reducing GHG emissions from agriculture while safeguarding food security requires a more comprehensive revamping of existing support to agriculture and food consumption.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural production, livelihoods, and food security in India: baseline results of a phone survey

Food Security ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay M. Jaacks ◽  
Divya Veluguri ◽  
Rajesh Serupally ◽  
Aditi Roy ◽  
Poornima Prabhakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Phone Survey ◽  
Extra Food ◽  
The Government ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on agricultural production, livelihoods, food security, and dietary diversity in India. Phone interview surveys were conducted by trained enumerators across 12 states and 200 districts in India from 3 to 15 May 2020. A total of 1437 farmers completed the survey (94% male; 28% 30–39 years old; 38% with secondary schooling). About one in ten farmers (11%) did not harvest in the past month with primary reasons cited being unfavorable weather (37%) and lockdown-related reasons (24%). A total of 63% of farmers harvested in the past month (primarily wheat and vegetables), but only 44% had sold their crop; 12% were still trying to sell their crop, and 39% had stored their crop, with more than half (55%) reporting lockdown-related issues as the reason for storing. Seventy-nine percent of households with wage-workers witnessed a decline in wages in the past month and 49% of households with incomes from livestock witnessed a decline. Landless farmers were about 10 times more likely to skip a meal as compared to large farmers (18% versus 2%), but a majority reported receiving extra food rations from the government. Nearly all farmers reported consuming staple grains daily in the past week (97%), 63% consumed dairy daily, 40% vegetables daily, 26% pulses daily, and 7% fruit daily. These values are much lower than reported previously for farmers in India around this time of year before COVID-19: 94–95% dairy daily, 57–58% pulses daily, 64–65% vegetables daily, and 42–43% fruit daily. In conclusion, we found that the COVID-19 lockdown in India has primarily impacted farmers’ ability to sell their crops and livestock products and decreased daily wages and dietary diversity.

scholarly journals Electronic form of procurement in agricultural enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00127
Author(s):  
Anna Volkonskaya ◽  
Olga Pashkina ◽  
Natalia Galenko ◽  
Oleg Kurlikov ◽  
Velta Parsova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Electronic Trading ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Electronic Form ◽  
Agricultural Performance ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Developing System ◽  
State Enterprises

Today in Russia the main components of digital economy are as follows: electronic trading, public services, export-import activity and constantly developing system of purchasing activity at state enterprises. The system of purchases has to conform to the requirements of modern digital technologies For this purpose at the end of 2018 the President of the Russian Federation proposed to transfer the government and corporate procurement to an electronic form. However, the analysis showed that procurement activities carried out in the form of electronic bidding in agricultural enterprises had a number of problems. These problems are related to the nature of agriculture. For example, seasonality is a key to agricultural performance. In this regard, the system of commercial transactions, including electronic trades, should be as adapted as possible to the peculiarities of agricultural production.

A Study on Cloud Service with Information Resources

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 1425-1430
Author(s):  
Xiu Zhen Feng ◽  
Peng Hao
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Information Resource ◽  
Computing Technology ◽  
Service Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Information Resources Management

Cloud computing technology created a brand new approach for further information resources management and utilization. Based on exploring characteristics and applications of cloud computing technology, the study in this paper is focused on cloud service with information resources. The aim of this study is to construct a cloud service model, namely Information Resource as a Service (IRaaS). Our model depicts the components of IRaaS and relationships among those components, which builds up a prime foundation for further studying on both information resource management and service.

scholarly journals Economic Feasibility of Solar Irrigation Pumps: A Study of Northern Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Md. Tawhidul Islam ◽  
Md. Elias Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Service Model ◽  
The Government

Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in the world. With a total population of around 165 million, the country has constantly been facing food security challenges and other problems. Therefore, increasing food production is one of the feasible solutions to this challenge, and proper agricultural land use for food production bears critical importance. Adopting sustainable irrigation systems and viable technologies would be vital for ensuring efficient use of agricultural land in Bangladesh to safeguard the country's food security. Solar irrigation pumps (SIPs) can be a reliable option in this regard. However, Bangladesh has experienced a prolonged growth rate of SIP installation in the last decade.  The countryhas set a target to install 10000 SIPs by the year 2027, albeit it is a tiny share of the 1.57 million conventional irrigation pumps operating in the country. This study aims to investigate the economic feasibility of the SIPs operating in the northern region of Bangladesh in terms of estimating financial feasibility and environmental benefits. The study is mainly based on primary data collected from the users of SIPs from two Upazilas of Dinajpur and Rangpur districts. A total of 14 SIPs, categorized into large, medium, and small pumps, are selected randomly from the available SIPs in the study areas. The financial analysis reveals that small SIPs are the most profitable option (20% IRR) for investment. Large SIPs are moderately profitable (10% IRR), and their profitability can be improved (10.50% IRR) by introducing additional uses of solar energy. However, medium SIPs are the worst (5% IRR) option for investment. In the study areas, large and medium SIPs are designed for the 'fees for service model', and small SIPs are designed for the 'fees for ownership model'. It is found that the 'fees for ownership model' is more profitable than the 'fees for service model'. Moreover, the net environmental benefit for all SIPs is found almost equal to the given subsidy for installing them. Also, the net environmental benefit per kilowatt peak (kWp) is highest for the small SIPs. This paper recommends that additional use (e.g., husking, grinding, supply excess electricity to grid, and so on) of solar energy can improve the profitability of investmenton SIPs. Further, the government should continue giving grants for installing SIPs and promote 'fees for ownership model' (small SIPs) for personal use. It would speed up the dissemination rate of SIPs and help increase the country's agricultural production and improve the environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Płatności prośrodowiskowe jako instrument ochrony użytkowej biosfery w rolnictwie

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Beata Jeżyńska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
The Impact

<p>The need to keep the expected level of production in agriculture generates a serious burden on the environment. The most important environmental factors exposed to the impact of agriculture include biodiversity and water, air, and soil quality. Assessments of all these environmental aspects related to agricultural production are negative. The condition of the agricultural environment has been subject to rapid deterioration. In such a situation, environmental instruments have drawn particular attention from the European legislature when developing new guidelines of the Common Agricultural Policy to be applicable after 2020.</p>

scholarly journals Dinamika Kelembagaan Sumberdaya Lahan dan Konsekuensinya bagi Pembangunan Sektor Pertanian

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Iwan Setiajie Anugrah
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Current Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Performance Development

<p><strong>English</strong><br />The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive information on performance development and problems associated with land resource utilisation and its future management perspective. The coverage of discussion to identify such objectives could be divided as follows: (1) perception and concept of land resource, (2) the development of land resource, (3) the importance of land resource, (4) land resource and agricultural production stability, and (5) discussion on policy alternatives to overcome land resource problems. Some important findings could be described as follows: (1) various concepts and ideas on land resource have led to a thought that land resource has social, economic, political values, and a symbol at a certain level as a production factor in agricultural sector, (2) land resource development has changed land resource institutions, land fragmentation, land transfer to other non-agricultural utilization, land value improvement, and polarization and absentee practices, (3) various development activities has reflected the importance of land resource and the highly competitiveness of land utilization in line to the importance of each activity and each sector, (4) acting as a stabilizer in agricultural production, the land resource has faced many problems both in current time or in the future especially those associated with agricultural land degradation reducing land fertileness that ended in marginal land accumulation, in the mean time, food-self sufficiency should be continuously maintained, (5) although all problems on land affairs have been arranged in the UUPA since September 1960; Keppres No. 53/1989 or Keppres No. 33/1990, the problems continually appeared. In this regard, governor, based on Permendagri No. 15/1975, as an officer authorized to issue land utility permit, should launched policies which are very much expected to harmonize the central and local requests, the government and the people, agricultural and nonagricultural sectors, or individual/group requests and the society's needs on land resource.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi tentang perkembangan keragaan dan permasalahan pemanfaatan sumberdaya lahan serta perspektif penanganannya di masa datang. Identifikasi ke arah tersebut dilakukan melalui beberapa subpokok bahasan yang meliputi : (1) persepsi dan konsepsi terhadap sumberdaya lahan, (2) perkembangan sumberdaya lahan berdasarkan waktu, (3) kepentingan terhadap sumberdaya lahan, (4) sumberdaya lahan dan stabilitas produksi pertanian, dan (5) pemikiran terhadap kebijaksanaan dalam mengatasi permasalahan sumberdaya lahan. Beberapa temuan penting yang perlu dikemukakan adalah : (1) beragamnya konsep serta pandangan sumberdaya lahan dalam arti luas memberikan gambaran bahwa sumberdaya lahan mempunyai fungsi sosial ekonomi, politik, serta simbol status tertentu selain sebagai faktor produksi di sektor pertanian, (2) perkembangan sumberdaya lahan berdasarkan waktu telah membawa perubahan terhadap kelembagaan sumberdaya lahan dengan adanya kegiatan fragmentasi lahan, alih fungsi lahan pertanian ke nonpertanian, peningkatan nilai lahan, terjadinya polarisasi ataupun praktek-praktek absentee, (3) adanya berbagai kegiatan pembangunan menjadikan sumber daya lahan sebagai asset yang cukup penting, sehingga terjadi persaingan penggunaan yang cukup meningkat sesuai dengan kepentingan antar aktivitas maupun antar sektoral, (4) sebagai stabilisator bagi produksi pertanian, sumberdaya lahan dihadapkan pada persoalan yang cukup berat baik saat ini dan juga di masa yang akan datang terutama dengan meningkatnya degradasi lahan pertanian, penyusutan lahan produktif yang digantikan dengan lahan marjinal, sementara kebutuhan akan swasembada pangan tetap harus dipertahankan, (5) walaupun secara yuridis permasalahan pertanahan telah diatur dalam UUPA sejak September 1960, Keppres No.53/1989 ataupun Keppres No.33/1990, persoalan mengenai lahan tetap meningkat. Untuk itu kebijaksanaan dari gubernur sebagai pejabat yang berwenang dalam pemberian izin penggunaan lahan sesuai dengan keputusan Permendagri No.15 Tahun 1975 sangat diharapkan sekaligus mampu menselaraskan perbedaan kepentingan antara pusat dengan daerah, penguasa dengan rakyat, sektor pertanian dengan nonpertanian, ataupun kepentingan individu/golongan dengan masyarakat luas terhadap kebutuhan sumberdaya lahan.</p>

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