scholarly journals Electronic control of water resources using smart field irrigation systems

Author(s):  
Amera I. Badran ◽  
Manar Y. Kashmoola

<span>Most </span><span>of the research </span><span>showed that the reason behind the agricultural lesions is the over usage of water in irrigation the matter which cause the appearance of fungicide on plants and salinity of the soil. From this point emerged the need for adapt some systems to work in farms in order to reduces the expenses of the product, improve its quality and lessen the consumption of water. Internet webs have been a preceding means in such a scope; and they also showed flexibility in designing such systems. In this paper; a smart irrigation system that depend on the values of moisture content and the agricultural constants (Feld Capacity, Wilt Point of the plant, Bulk Density</span><span>, Depth of the root of the plant, the consumption of each water dripper and the passing area) in making the decision of irrigation and running the water pump, depending on the quantity of water to be added and the duration of irrigation time,</span><span> and it is better. Field humidity levels at 0.32</span><span>. This system was built by using the microcontroller ESP-32S&amp;ESP8266 and moister sensor. The data was uploaded to Adafruit server for the sake of remote monitoring by MQTT protocol.</span>

Irriga ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Baifus Manke ◽  
Lessandro Coll Faria ◽  
Moisés Gomes Pereira ◽  
Bernardo Gomes Nörenberg ◽  
Tamara Leitzke Caldeira ◽  
...  

IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ÁREAS IRRIGADAS POR PIVÔ CENTRAL E LINEAR MÓVEL NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL  Emanuele Baifus Manke1; Lessandro Coll Faria2; Moisés Gomes Pereira3; Bernardo Gomes Nörenberg4; Tamara Leitzke Caldeira1 E Henrique Fonseca Elias de Oliveira5 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Manejo e Conservação do Solo e da Água, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel. Capão do Leão, RS, [email protected] de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel. Pelotas, RS, [email protected] Hídrico, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel. Pelotas, RS, [email protected] de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Hídricos, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel. Pelotas, RS, [email protected] Federal Goiano/Campus Ceres, IF Goiano, Ceres, GO, [email protected]  1 RESUMO A escassez de água em algumas regiões brasileiras retrata a importância da adequada gestão dos recursos hídricos. Entre as atividades que necessitam de água, a irrigação é considerada a mais exigente em termos de volume. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e quantificar a distribuição espacial dos sistemas de irrigação do tipo pivô central e linear móvel licenciados e em operação no Rio Grande do Sul, de tal forma que estas informações possam ser aplicadas na otimização da gestão de recursos hídricos. O conjunto de dados utilizado no estudo foi fornecido pela Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luiz Roessler (FEPAM) e consistiu-se de coordenadas geográficas associadas aos sistemas de irrigação licenciados. Os sistemas de irrigação do tipo pivô central e linear móvel foram distribuídos nas doze principais bacias hidrográficas do Rio Grande do Sul. Verificou-se que há 1.285 equipamentos do tipo pivô central e linear móvel licenciados pela FEPAM, que irrigam uma área total de 91.849 ha. A maior concentração destes sistemas de irrigação está na região noroeste do estado, especialmente nas bacias hidrográficas do Alto Jacuí e Ijuí. Na região Sul, do Rio Grande Sul, apenas alguns sistemas do tipo pivô central e linear móvel foram observados, podendo este fato ser parcialmente atribuído à predominância de irrigação por inundação na cultura do arroz. Palavras-chave: Gestão de recursos hídricos, bacia hidrográfica, irrigação.  Manke, E. B.; Faria, L. C.; Pereira, M. G.; Nörenberg, B. G.; Caldeira, T. L.; Oliveira; H. F. E.IDENTIFICATION OF IRRIGATED AREAS BY CENTER PIVOT AND MOVING LATERAL IN STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL  2 ABSTRACT Water scarcity in some Brazilian regions makes water resources management greatly important. Among the activities that need water, irrigation is considered the most demanding in terms of volume of water, and Rio Grande do Sul is one of the states in Brazil with the largest agricultural production. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify the geographical distribution of licensed center pivot and linear moving irrigation systems operating in Rio Grande do Sul state such that information can be applied to optimize water resources management. The main dataset used in the study was provided by Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luiz Roessler (FEPAM) and consisted of geographical coordinates associated with the aforementioned licensed irrigation systems. These irrigation systems were distributed on the twelve main watersheds in Rio Grande do Sul state. There are 1,285 center pivot and linear moving equipments licensed by FEPAM, which irrigate an area of 91,849 ha. The greatest concentration of this irrigation system is in the Northwestern of Rio Grande do Sul state, especially in Alto Jacuí and Ijuí watersheds. On the other hand, only a few of such systems were observed in South region of Rio Grande do Sul state and this can be partially attributed to the predominance of flood irrigation for rice. Keywords: water resources management, watershed, irrigation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Şakir Kuzey ◽  
Cihat Şeker ◽  
Mohamed Elweddad ◽  
M. Tahir Güneşer

Today, the importance of energy cost and efficiency is gradually increase. The decrease in drinking water and agricultural water resources, increases the interest in drip irrigation systems in agricultural irrigation. Environmentally friendly photovoltaic drip irrigation systems (PVDIS) are the appropriate solution in regions where there is no electricity distribution network, where it is far away, or where power cuts are frequently. This study is carried out in the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan. Regional climate data obtained from Climwat 2.0 software are processed in Cropwat 8.0 software. Crops that are both the source of livelihood of the people of the region and that can be used in this study have been determined. Annual and daily water needs are analyzed so that these crops are irrigated every seven days. A system is designed by taking the data of the crop with the highest water requirement as a reference. The drip irrigation system is set up in a PVsyst 7.1.7 simulation environment to pump 114.24 m3 of water daily from a 5-meter-deep river with a 1.8 kW photovoltaic system. The efficiency of the system is 58.7% and the efficiency of the pump is 34.5%. Crop water need is met at the rate of 98.87%. It is predicted that the designed and analyzed PVDIS will provide efficiency in energy and water resources.


2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasim & Al-kaabi

An experiment was conducted in the field of the University of Baghdad in 2015 In loamy sand  soil to study the effect drawbar and field efficiency using of a combine implement used for installation subsurface irrigation pipes and drip irrigation under different discharges. Subsurface irrigation system and drip irrigation system with three levels of discharge included 2.5,3.0 and3.5 L\hr-1 were used in this experiment. Field efficiency, drawbar, soil moisture content and soil  bulk density were measured in this stdy. Nasted design under randomized complete block design(CRBD) with three replications were used in this experiment. Least significant differences (L.S.D) at 0.05 levels were used to compare the mean of treatments. The results were showed the follows: Subsurface irrigation got 12.7 kw drawbar and 29.45% moisture content and 1.43g/cm3 bulk density g/cm3 and  84% field efficiency.While Drip irrigation system got 9.73kw drawbar and 25.19% moisture content and 1.47g/cm3 bulk density and 89% field efficiency. The successful of using combine implement to install subsurface irrigation pipes with tillage at the same time.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Schrötter ◽  
Jed Kaplan ◽  
Matthias Schmidt ◽  
Peter Fiener

&lt;p&gt;Irrigation is vital for humans, critical in the management of land and water resources, and functions as an important environmental forcing. While irrigation systems are largely framed by environmental conditions, actual irrigation activities are determined by human decision-making. The types of irrigation systems can vary in technology and management and in turn influence water resources and the hydrological cycle differently. To date we lack an understanding of the drivers of establishing different irrigation systems in the Sudanian Savanna ecoregion of West Africa, and how land use decisions are made at the farm level. Insights on decision-making in water management contribute to the understanding of anthropogenic impacts on human-water systems and can help to identify strategies to adapt to ongoing and future risks. This paper aims to identify the heterogeneity of irrigation systems in our study region, and their drivers, as well as provide a qualitative assessment of their sustainability. Here we systematically analyze literature published between 1980 and 2020 which provide evidence of irrigation activities in the study area, we selected 188 publications documenting more than 100 cases of irrigation. For each study we identify each type of irrigation system, as defined by the water source, lifting and distribution type. We then clustered each case into &amp;#8216;driver types&amp;#8217; based on external conditions, required resources, irrigation season, proximate causes and utilization. To assess the sustainability we identified environmental, governance, social and economic variables which we then coded on a 5-point Likert-scale. Our results show that irrigation systems in the West African Sudan Savanna are highly diversified in terms of techniques and organization, but that drivers are relatively similar. The decision making and management within an irrigation system is strongly influenced by its organizational structure. The type of technology depends on the available capital, and again impacts the efficiency, longevity and environmental impact of irrigation systems. We observed that economic factors, the access to water sources and markets, as well as restricted female technology adoption constrain the potential of existing irrigation schemes. The main causes to irrigate are to provide food security and raise more income in order to adapt to climate change and to increasing demands due to population growth. We detected that the cases are largely located in or in the vicinity of formal irrigation schemes. There is an increase in irrigation schemes in the study region over time, however, we found little information on why irrigation is not more widely adapted compared to similar ecoregions such as southern India, despite the growing demand. In respect of India, irrigation in West Africa is relatively new. We conclude that further research on organizational structures, and financial support can contribute to a sustainable expansion of irrigation in the West African Sudan Savanna.&lt;/p&gt;


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
O'tega Ejofodomi ◽  
Godswill Ofualagba

This paper presents the design of a real time feedback control automated irrigation systems that consists of monitoring units, control units, irrigation pipeline valves, and a network of irrigation pipeline. The monitoring units continuously measure the soil moisture content in the irrigation blocks, and if the moisture content drops below a predetermined threshold for the particular crop under production, it sends a wireless message to the control units controlling the pipeline valves along the water flow channel, causing the control units to open the valves leading to the water source and commencing automatic irrigation. When the moisture content rises above a predetermined threshold for the crop, the monitoring units sends a wireless message to the control units, causing them to close the pipeline valves and cease automatic irrigation. An automatic irrigation system pipeline network optimization software has also been designed to plan, cost, and design the automatic irrigation system for a piece of land prior to installation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Nazmul Hassan ◽  
Sheikh Hasib Cheragee ◽  
Sakil Ahammed ◽  
Abu Zafor Md. Touhidul Islam

This paper presents the development of a sensor based smart irrigation system with the capabilities of remote monitoring and controlling of water usage in the agriculture field using Internet of Things (IoT). With the employment of IoT in irrigation system, all agricultural information can be viewed and controlled at the user's fingertips. The system consists of a microcontroller (Node MCU), sensors (soil moisture, DHT11), and irrigation of a water pump with a decision-making system. Sensors are linked to a Wi-Fi module (Node MCU) and are interdependent to provide increased sensitivity to the irrigation system. The data obtained will be uploaded to the cloud (ThingSpeak) and presented in the form of graphs accessible via the website. A web page is used to control the water pump for irrigation purposes. This paper is managed to meet all of its aims to help farmers in terms of time, project cost, labor, water consumption, power consumption, and reliability by implementing the IoT-based smart irrigation system.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Andrzej Brandyk ◽  
Edmund Kaca ◽  
Ryszard Oleszczuk ◽  
Janusz Urbański ◽  
Jan Jadczyszyn

The search for simple models of drainage–irrigation systems functioning and management has still been an important research objective. Therefore, we presented a conceptual model based on groundwater dynamics equation along with proper assumptions on water equivalent of transient porosity-i.e., storage in the soil profile based on the long-term experience of the research on drainage-sub-irrigation systems. Several parameters have been incorporated in the model to effectively and comprehensively describe drainage/irrigation time, leakage from the soil profile, the soil moisture content in the root zone, and the shape of the groundwater table on the drainage–sub-irrigation plot. The model was successfully validated on groundwater level data in ditch midspacing on an experimental site located within a valley sub-irrigation system with the advantage of a relatively simple representation of flows through the soil profile. The robust character of the conceptual equation of groundwater dynamics, as well as the approach to its’ parameters, were proved through a close match between the model and observations. This promotes the capacities of the proposed modeling procedure to conceptualize drainage-irrigation development with the impact of external and internal sources of water. The potential was offered for the evaluation of water management practices in a valley system influenced by horizontal inflows from surrounding areas as indicated by calibration results. Future challenges were revealed in terms of water exchange between the plots and validation of soil moisture content modeling.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Matluba Muxammadiyeva ◽  
◽  
Iftixor Ergashev

If we look at the existing irrigation methods used today in the country, then they are divided into: ground, rainfall, underground or underground, drip and spray. Basically, they are transferred to the irrigation field in two forms: through gravity and pressure irrigation systems. Naturally, a gravity irrigation system is economically more expensive than a low pressure irrigation system. However, from a performance appraisal stand point, pressure irrigation methods are less efficient and have serious disadvantages


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