scholarly journals Prevalence of otomycosis in patients with cerumen impaction due to ear-phone usage during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Sunethra Suresh ◽  
Suraj Suresh ◽  
Sudha Sivasamy
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conductive Hearing ◽  
Insignificant Correlation

Background: Otomycosis affects about 9% of patients with otitis externa. One of the predisposing factor is impacted cerumen.  Earphone usage causes cerumen impaction. In the light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic, people are housebound due to prolonged lockdown. Hence people are more technology dependent as working from home and studying online has become the norm. Therefore, usage of earphones has proportionately increased, and the impacted cerumen cases have increased. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze data from questionnaire to assess the prevalence of otomycosis among patients with impacted cerumen due to excessive earphone usage, establish associations between otomycosis and symptoms such as pain and hearing loss as well as the correlation between fungal growth and the long hours of earphones usage. The relationship between the age of participants and the usage of earphones during the pandemic was also explored. The data was collected from 100 individuals aged 14 to 51 years who sought treatment for symptomatic impacted wax at an ENT clinic in Malaysia. Results: The mean age of participants was 25.9 years. There was a 31% prevalence of otomycosis among these patients. Otalgia was present in 60% of patients with otomycosis (t value 2.94, coefficient 0.27). Approximately 37% of patients had a large air-bone gap indicating conductive hearing loss. There was an insignificant correlation between otomycosis and the longer hours of earphones usage (t value 1.51, coefficient 0.00015). No correlation was found between age of participants and the total hours of earphone usage (t value 0.63, coefficient 0.0012). Conclusion: This study offers initial evidence that earphone usage could be a predisposing factor in developing otomycosis. However, there was no evidence of longer hours of earphones usage increasing the chances of developing otomycosis. Additionally, symptoms like otalgia and conductive hearing loss could be present in both earwax impaction and otomycosis.

scholarly journals The prevalence of characteristic corneal ulcer patients in sanglah general hospital, in indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Sinta Wiranata ◽  
I Wayan Eka Sutyawan ◽  
I Putu Budhiastra
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Epidemiological Trends ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to perceive epidemiology, predisposing and varied risk factors, age, gender, profession, ulcus location, lateralization, visus category, medication. It also determines the relationship between each factor with infection and non-infection in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with method was used with 44 patients conferred in the Ophthalmology Department. The purposive sampling technique was also used in this study by considering exclusion and inclusion criteria. Then, the data were analyzed and assessed for medication and surgery for treatment between January 2017 and October 2018 using SPSS 25 version. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 49.16±2.58 years, where samples of corneal ulcer infection made up 56.8%, and most of the cases occurred within the age group 30 - 60 years. Meanwhile, the infection mostly occurred in males, at a proportion of 77.3%, and based on the profession, 43.2% of the corneal ulcer were farmers. The most predisposing factor for infectious corneal ulcers was trauma, at 36.4%, as 39 patients had a central ulcus, where 47.7% were infectious, and 36.4% were non-infectious. However, not all the study variables were statistically significant (p > 0.05) with the patient's corneal. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that corneal ulcer is common and mostly affects male. Furthermore, the epidemiological trends from developing countries with a predominance of infectious corneal ulcers were additional or less common. Therefore, more analysis with larger and specific sample sizes is required to be developed for resultant analytical research

Modification of auditory pathway functions in patients with hearing improvement after middle ear surgery

1998 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha-Pekka Vasama ◽  
Jyrki P. Mäkelä ◽  
Hans A. Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Middle Ear Surgery ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
Pure Tone Average ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Conductive Hearing

We recorded auditory-evoked magnetic responses with a whole-scalp 122-channel neuromagnetometer from seven adult patients with unilateral conductive hearing loss before and after middle ear surgery. The stimuli were 50-msec 1-kHz tone bursts, delivered to the healthy, nonoperated ear at interstimulus intervals of 1, 2, and 4 seconds. The mean preoperative pure-tone average in the affected ear was 57 dB hearing level; the mean postoperative pure-tone average was 17 dB. The 100-msec auditory-evoked response originating in the auditory cortex peaked, on average, 7 msecs earlier after than before surgery over the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated ear and 2 msecs earlier over the ipsilateral hemisphere. The contralateral response strengths increased by 5% after surgery; ipsilateral strengths increased by 11%. The variation of the response latency and amplitude in the patients who underwent surgery was similar to that of seven control subjects. The postoperative source locations did not differ noticeably from preoperative ones. These findings suggest that temporary unilateral conductive hearing loss in adult patients modifies the function of the auditory neural pathway. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;119:125-30.)

scholarly journals Cephalometric and Audiological Assessment of Eustachian Tube in Down Syndrome and Chronic Otitis Media

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Sunali Khanna ◽  
R Rangasayee
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Lateral Cephalometry ◽  
Conductive Hearing

ABSTRACT Objective Cephalometric assessment of Eustachian tube (ET) parameters and audiological evaluation in Down syndrome (DS) and Chronic Otitis Media (COM) and comparison with controls. The ET length, Total Cranial Base (TCB), Posterior Upper Facial Height (PUFH), Maxillary Depth (MD), s-ba (sella-basion) to Palatal Line (PL) and s-ba to ET length were considered. Materials and methods The study comprised of 75 subjects of both sexes in the age range of 7 to 20 years. Digital lateral cephalometry was performed for DS, COM and controls (n = 25). Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and immittance audiometry (IA) was performed to assess audiological status. Results ET length, PUFH, TCB and MD was found to be significantly reduced in DS and COM. s-ba to PL and s-ba to ET was significantly reduced in DS and COM. The s-ba to PL and s-ba to ET length angle in moderate and severe CHL (Conductive Hearing Loss) was decreased significantly. The s-ba to ET length was significantly decreased in patients with B and C tympanogram. Conclusion Aberration in the dimension of the region of the ET can be considered as a predisposing factor for otitis media and conductive hearing loss in DS. How to cite this article Khanna S, Rangasayee R. Cephalometric and Audiological Assessment of Eustachian Tube in Down Syndrome and Chronic Otitis Media. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2013;5(3):133-138.

Tinnitus and Its Effect on the Quality of Life of Sufferers: A Nigerian Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 690-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onyinyechi C. Ukaegbe ◽  
Foster T. Orji ◽  
Basil C. Ezeanolue ◽  
James O. Akpeh ◽  
Ijeoma A. Okorafor
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
The Mean

Objectives To evaluate the quality of life of patients with ongoing tinnitus. Study Design This was a cross-sectional study of patients with ongoing tinnitus. Setting The study was carried out in a tertiary hospital in southeastern Nigeria. Subjects and Methods Subjects are adults who presented to the otorhinolaryngology clinic with tinnitus as their primary complaint. Pure-tone audiometry, tinnitus pitch, and loudness matching were done. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire was used in assessing their quality of life. Results There were 63 participants within the age range of 16 to 74 years; 20 (31.7%) were male and 43 (68.3%) were female. The mean duration of tinnitus was 26.7 ± 38.1 months. Nineteen (30.2%) participants had bilateral tinnitus while 44 (69.8%) had unilateral tinnitus. The mean THI score was 36.6 ± 19.7. The most reported handicap was anxiety and difficulty with concentration followed by depression and irritability. There was no correlation between the disability shown by the THI score and the age, sex, duration of the tinnitus, the tinnitus pitch, tinnitus loudness, or the laterality of the tinnitus. There was a significant positive correlation between the grade of hearing loss and the level of disability reported in the THI ( P = .01). Conclusion Tinnitus sufferers appear to have poorer quality of life compared with nonsufferers. This quality-of-life affectation is likely to be worse in those with disabling hearing loss but does not appear to be related to their age, sex, symptom duration, or the loudness and pitch of their tinnitus.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Severity of Hearing Loss and Subjective Tinnitus Loudness among Patients Seen in a Specialist Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Clinic in UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashir Aazh ◽  
Richard Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractHearing loss is often associated with the phantom sound of tinnitus. However, the degree of the association between severity of hearing loss and tinnitus loudness taking into account the impact of other variables (e.g., emotional disturbances) is not fully understood. This is an important question for audiologists who are specialized in tinnitus rehabilitation as patients often ask whether the loudness of their tinnitus will increase if their hearing gets worse.To explore the relationship between tinnitus loudness and pure tone hearing thresholds.This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.445 consecutive patients who attended a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Specialist Clinic in UK were included.The results of audiological tests and self-report questionnaires were gathered retrospectively from the records of the patients. Multiple-regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between tinnitus loudness, hearing loss and other variables.The regression model showed a significant relationship between the pure tone average (PTA) at the frequencies 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz of the better ear and the tinnitus loudness as measured via visual analogue scale (VAS), r (regression coefficient) = 0.022 (p < 0.001). Other variables significantly associated with tinnitus loudness were tinnitus annoyance (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and the effect of tinnitus on life (r = 0.09, p = 0.006). The regression model explained 52% of the variance of tinnitus loudness.Although increased tinnitus loudness was associated with worse PTA, the relationship was very weak. Tinnitus annoyance and impact of tinnitus on life were more strongly correlated with tinnitus loudness than PTA.

The Correlation Between Arterial Lactate and Venous Lactate in Patients With Sepsis and Septic Shock

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pongdhep Theerawit ◽  
Chalermpon Na Petvicharn ◽  
Viratch Tangsujaritvijit ◽  
Yuda Sutherasan
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Lactate ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Applying peripheral venous lactate instead of arterial lactate in clinical practice is questionable because of deviation between both values. We aimed to find the relationship between the arterial lactate and the peripheral venous lactate before reasoned that the venous lactate could be used in substitution to the arterial lactate in sepsis. Methods: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study at a university hospital. The patients with sepsis in ICU who required lactate level monitoring were enrolled in this research. The correlation and agreement between arterial lactate (A-LACT) and peripheral venous lactate (V-LACT) were the primary outcomes. Results: A total of 63 paired samples were collected. The A-LACT and V-LACT were strongly correlated ( r = .934, P < .0001, r2 = .873). The regression equation was A-LACT = (0.934 × V-LACT) − 0.236. The mean difference between V-LACT and A-LACT was 0.66 ± 1.53 mmol/L. The 95% limits of agreement were between −3.66 and 2.33 mmol/L. The V-LACT ≥ 4 mmol/L can predict A-LACT level ≥ 4 mmol/L with 87.5% sensitivity and 91.5% specificity, and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.948. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a strong correlation between A-LACT and V-LACT, but an agreement between both parameters was poor. We suggest not to use the V-LACT in substitution to the A-LACT in sepsis regarding the absolute value and clearance rate, but the V-LACT ≥ 4.5 mmol/L may be used for predicting the A-LACT ≥ 4 mmol/L.

scholarly journals The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Resmiye Özdilek ◽  
Yılda Arzu Aba ◽  
Sena Dilek Aksoy ◽  
Bulat Aytek Şık ◽  
Yaşam Kemal Akpak
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To investigate the adaptation of pregnant women to the recommended weight gain range according to body mass index (BMI) and to determine the factors affecting them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital’s obstetrics and gynecology unit (tertiary center) in Turkey. This study was conducted between March 2018 and August 2018 (6 months) in pregnant women. Pregnant women with chronic disease and receiving treatment during antenatal follow-up, with twin pregnancy, with a fetus with a congenital abnormality, and nutritional disturbance were excluded from the study. Eight hundred twelve pregnant women with normal antenatal follow-up and who volunteered to participate were included in the study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.66±5.05 years. The mean weight and BMI before pregnancy were near standard in all participants. The group with the highest rate of recommended weight gain according to BMI before pregnancy was the group with low weight pregnant women. The ideal weight gain rate in all groups was 32%. Conclusions: The groups with overweight and obese pregnant women according to BMI before pregnancy had the highest rates of weight gain, above the recommended limits. BMI before pregnancy directly affects weight gain during pregnancy and the importance of pre-pregnancy counseling and weight loss is emphasized once again. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 How to cite this:Ozdilek R, Aba YA, Aksoy SD, Sik BA, Akpak YK. The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals TL 18165 - Relationship between lower limb dysmetria and plantar fasciitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supl 1) ◽  
pp. 96S
Author(s):  
Henrique Mansur ◽  
Guilherme Gonçalves Feijó Carvalho ◽  
Isnar Moreira de Castro Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calcaneal Spur ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis is an inflammatory process of multifactorial etiology that affects the origin of the plantar fascia and surrounding structures. A difference in length between lower limbs is relatively common within the population and can sometimes cause changes in biomechanics and symptoms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between lower limb dysmetria and plantar fasciitis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to measure the length of the lower limbs by scanometry in patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. Other risk factors, such as body mass index, foot shape and the presence of plantar calcaneal spur, were also assessed in foot radiographs. Results: Of the 54 patients included in the study, 44.4% were men, and the mean age was 50.38 (23-73 years); 81.5% had pain in one foot, and 53.7% had feet that were considered plantigrade. We observed dysmetria in 88.9% of the sample, with a mean of 0.749 cm (SD ±0.63). In addition, 46.3% feet with pain showed calcaneal spurs on the radiographs. Conclusion: Approximately 90% of patients showed lower-limb dysmetria and, in most cases, the side with the shorter limb was affected by plantar fasciitis

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Defense Mechanisms and Nurses’ Occupational Burnout: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Forouzan Elyasi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Hosseininejad ◽  
Parisa Islami Parkoohi ◽  
Mahsa Kamali ◽  
Marzieh Azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational Burnout ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Occupational burnout is a psychological syndrome that occurs in response to chronic stress in the workplace. Nowadays, it is known as one of the most important consequences of occupational stress. Defense mechanisms may also affect occupational burnout. Objectives: Since burnout is an important factor influencing the productivity of nurses, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the defense mechanisms and occupational burnout among nurses in the educational hospitals of an urban area in Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 318 nurses who had at least one-year of work experience in four educational hospitals in Sari city, Iran, in 2018. Sampling was performed using the proportional stratified sampling method. The data were collected by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scale, psychological Defense Styles questionnaire (DSQ-40), and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via the SPSS software V.20. Results: A total of 318 nurses were studied, 13 (4.1%) of the nurses had a burnout. The mean score of the dimension of emotional exhaustion (EE) was 17.49, in the dimension of depersonalization (DP) it was 5.42, and in the dimension of personal achievement (PA) it was 31.58. They indicated a low level of occupational burnout, and the mean scores of FE, DP, and PA subscales indicated a low level of occupational burnout. The use of more mature defense mechanisms had a significant negative correlation with the increase of the EE score (rho = -0.210, P < 0.001), but no significant relationship was reported with other aspects of burnout. Increased use of immature defense mechanisms had a direct correlation with the increase in the score of DP (rho = 0.255 and P < 0.001), but had a significant inverse relationship with the PA score (rho = -0.238 and P < 0.001) and no significant relationship with EE (P = 0.627). No significant relationship was found between the use of neurotic defense mechanisms and burnout dimensions (PEE = 0.119, PDP = 0.174, and PPA = 0.127). Conclusions: Since there is a significant relationship between defense mechanisms and occupational burnout, using the components of defense mechanisms in job interviews can lead to choosing appropriate nurses to perform different tasks in different settings, in accordance with individual and psychological characteristics. Also, teaching problem-solving skills, stress management, and useful information can improve defense mechanisms, nurses’ job performance, and patient satisfaction.

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