Continuity and Change among the Koras of Bindukata

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 52-78
Author(s):  
Arun Makal ◽  
Abhradip Banerjee ◽  
Krishnendu Polley ◽  
Bhubon Mohan Das

The Kora is a small tribal group who are mostly found in eastern part of India. Like many other ethnic groups, the Kora had their own distinct culture, customs, rituals and religion. However, in comparison to other major tribal groups in West Bengal, the Kora as a group to date have recevied relatively little research attention. In this article, we reappraise our experience and observation on the social-cultural life of the Kora people of Paschim Medinipur district, which we collected as part of anthropology undergraduate fieldwork in the year 2002. Through an ethnographic re-analysis method, we try to provide a fair glimpse regarding the process where the Kora, as group, is adopting certain Hindu traits. We also look to find the probable reasons that hold the key to understanding the source of continuity and change in Kora communities at large.

Author(s):  

Страна кленового листа представлена этническими группами практически из всех стран мира. Свой вклад в её развитие внесли и выходцы из России. Крайняя разнородность русскоязычного населения, по разным причинам и в разных условиях переселявшегося в Канаду в течение полутора столетий, его неодинаковая идейно-политическая, религиозная ориентация, социально-классовая принадлежность, образовательный, профессиональный и культурный уровень детерминировали максимальную мозаичность и разобщённость общины, что препятствовало её превращению в активного и весомого участника канадской общественной, политической и культурной жизни. Бережное сохранение и продвижение многими этническими общностями Канады своей культуры, обычаев и традиций, поддержка государства и общества развития этого «многоцветья культур» предопреде-лили изменения и в русскоязычных общинах. Создание по всей стране организаций, центров широкого спектра деятельности, в том числе поддержки соотечественников, сохранения и продвижения русской культуры, свидетельствуют о наметившейся тенденции к её консолидации и интеграции в канадское общество как русских канадцев. Немаловажным фактором этого процесса становится поддержка Россией этнокультурной и духовной самоидентификации соотечественников как одно из ключевых направлений её внешней политики. В статье рассматривается процесс институционализации русскоязычного сообщества в Канаде, его консолидации в последние десятилетия в условиях изменения состава иммигрантов, политики мультикультурализма как модели национальной интеграции, опирающейся на признание культурного многообразия этносов в качестве основы национального единства, эволюции отношения российского общества и государства к зарубежным соотечественникам. Ключевые слова: иммиграция, русскоязычные общины, мультикультурализм, самоидентификация, консолидация, интеграция, адаптация, институционализация, зарубежные соотечественники, волны российской иммиграции, русский контент, национальное сообщество, культурное разнообразие этносов, центры русской культуры, «Русский мир», концепция внешней политики России. Abstract. The article analyses the process of institutionalization of Russian-speaking communities in Canada and the consolidation of the population at the Canadian multiculturalism condition as the model of a national integration. Canada has accumulated a valuable experience of a peaceful way to solve many problems. One of the most essential factors here is its division into two state-forming communities: English and French Canadians. In Canada there are many different ethnic groups; Russian-speaking diaspora is one of many communities. Extreme diversity of the Russian-speaking population, who, due to various reasons and in different circumstances, had been immigrating in Canada for a century and a half, determined the highest mosaic structure and dissociation of the community that prevented it from becoming an active and weighty participant in the social, political and cultural life of Canada. In the circumstance of careful preservation and promotion by many ethnic groups of their culture, customs and traditions together with a powerful public and social support of this cultural diversity (the image of the Maple Leaf country in the world) which are conducted in the context of multicultural policy, visible changes appeared in the Russian-speaking expat community as well. The intensive activity of Russian-speaking community in creating various associations and centers to support compatriots, to preserve and to promote Russian culture in the last decade, witnesses an outlined trend of rallying in the Russian community and its integration to the Canadian society as Russian Canadians. Nowadays Russian Government regards the compatriots’ problems as the key problems to Russian foreign policy and believes necessary to support Canadian compatriots according to their ethno-cultural and common self-identification. Keywords: immigration, Russian-speaking communities, multiculturalism, self-identification, consolidation, integration, adaptation, institutionalization, foreign compatriots, national association, cultural variety of ethnics, centers of Russian culture, conception of Russian foreign policy.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-54
Author(s):  
Dakir Dakir

This paper aims at analyzing the process of cultural values ​​management of belom bahadat in creating an inclusive cultural life and social transformation in the Dayak community in huma betang using textual analysis method. The results reveal that the management model of cultural consensus of belom bahadat brings about changes in values, perspective and inclusive attitude and the formation of Dayak people's polarization into three models: the formation of inclusive attitude in understanding and accepting social, traditional, cultural and religious differences in family life, society and life of nation. This change strengthens the social integration between individuals and groups of different tribes, ethnics, cultural and religious groups in family life, society and nation. It also prevents the growth of radicalism and terrorism arising from religious figures, humanists and public figures in this modern age. [Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis proses pengelolaan nilai budaya belom bahadat dalam menciptakan budaya kehidupan inklusif dan transformasi sosial pada masyarakat Dayak di huma betang dengan menggunakan metode analisis teks. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa model pengelolaan konsensus budaya belom bahadat membawa perubahan nilai, cara pandang dan sikap inklusif dan terbentuknya polarisasi kehidupan masyarakat Dayak ke dalam tiga model yaitu terbentuknya sikap inklusif dalam memahami dan menerima perbedaan sosial, tradisi, budaya dan agama dalam kehidupan keluarga, kehidupan masyarakat dan kehidupan berbangsa. Perubahan ini memperkuat integrasi sosial antar individu dan kelompok yang berbeda suku, etnis, budaya dan agama dalam kehidupan keluarga, masyarakat dan bangsa serta mencegah tumbuhnya radikalisme dan terorisme yang muncul dari kalangan tokoh-tokoh keagamaan, budayawan dan tokoh masyarakat di era modernisasi ini.]


Author(s):  
Rupam Mandal ◽  
Sankha Priya Guha

Inscribed space is solely a metaphor describing the relationship between humans and their physical or social environment. The present study is an empirical one, representing the inscribed space and its role in the occupational shift of a community dwelling at Saltgheri village in Mousuni Island in South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal in India. The most revered firsthand anthropological fieldwork method has been used in the present study. The study shows how inscribed space shapes the social-cultural life of the studied community.


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-168
Author(s):  
Celal Hayir ◽  
Ayman Kole

When the Turkish army seized power on May 27th, 1960, a new democratic constitution was carried into effect. The positive atmosphere created by the 1961 constitution quickly showed its effects on political balances in the parliament and it became difficult for one single party to come into power, which strengthened the multi-party-system. The freedom initiative created by 1961’s constitution had a direct effect on the rise of public opposition. Filmmakers, who generally steered clear from the discussion of social problems and conflicts until 1960, started to produce movies questioning conflicts in political, social and cultural life for the first time and discussions about the “Social Realism” movement in the ensuing films arose in cinematic circles in Turkey. At the same time, the “regional managers” emerged, and movies in line with demands of this system started to be produced. The Hope (Umut), produced by Yılmaz Güney in 1970, rang in a new era in Turkish cinema, because it differed from other movies previously made in its cinematic language, expression, and use of actors and settings. The aim of this study is to mention the reality discussions in Turkish cinema and outline the political facts which initiated this expression leading up to the film Umut (The Hope, directed by Yılmaz Güney), which has been accepted as the most distinctive social realist movie in Turkey. 


Panggung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrayuda

ABSTRACT This article aims to explain the existence of Tari Piring dance as a culture identity of Minang- kabau people, both the people who live in the origin area and outside the area. Tari Piring dance is a traditional cultural heritage of Minangkabau people which is used and preserved by Minangkabau people in their life so that it becomes culture identity of Minangkabau people. As the identity of Minangkabau people, Piring dance is able to express attitudes and behaviors as well as the charac- teristics of Minangkabau people. The dance can serve as a reflection of social and cultural life style of Minangkabau society. Through Tari Piring performance, the outsider can understand Minangkabau people and their culture. Tari Piring, therefore, is getting more adhere to the social life of Minang- kabau people in West Sumatra and in the regions overseas. In the spirit of togetherness, Minang- kabau society preserves the existence of Piring dance as the identity and cultural heritage up to the present time. Keywords: Piring Dance, Minangkabau culture  ABSTRAK Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan keberadaan Tari Piring sebagai identitas bu- daya masyarakat Minangkabau, baik yang berada di daerah asal maupun di daerah peran- tauan. Tari Piring merupakan warisan budaya tradisional masyarakat Minangkabau yang digunakan dan dilestarikan oleh masyarakat Minangkabau dalam kehidupannya sehingga menjadi identitas budaya Minangkabau. Sebagai jati diri masyarakat Minangkabau, Tari Piring mampu mengungkapkan sikap dan prilaku serta karakteristik orang Minangkabau. Tari Piring dapat berperan sebagai cerminan dari corak kehidupan sosial budaya masyara- kat Minangkabau. Melalui pertunjukan Tari Piring, masyarakat luar dapat memahami orang Minangkabau dan budayanya. Oleh karena itu, sampai saat ini Tari Piring semakin melekat dengan kehidupan sosial masyarakat Minangkabau di Sumatera Barat maupun di daerah perantauan. Dengan semangat kebersamaan, masyarakat Minangkabau mampu mempertahankan keberadaan Tari Piring sebagai identitas dan warisan budayanya hingga masa kini. Kata kunci : Tari Piring, budaya Minangkabau


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huoyin Zhang ◽  
Shiyunmeng Zhang ◽  
Jiachen Lu ◽  
Yi Lei ◽  
Hong Li

AbstractPrevious studies in humans have shown that brain regions activating social exclusion overlap with those related to attention. However, in the context of social exclusion, how does behavioral monitoring affect individual behavior? In this study, we used the Cyberball game to induce the social exclusion effect in a group of participants. To explore the influence of social exclusion on the attention network, we administered the Attention Network Test (ANT) and compared results for the three subsystems of the attention network (orienting, alerting, and executive control) between exclusion (N = 60) and inclusion (N = 60) groups. Compared with the inclusion group, the exclusion group showed shorter overall response time and better executive control performance, but no significant differences in orienting or alerting. The excluded individuals showed a stronger ability to detect and control conflicts. It appears that social exclusion does not always exert a negative influence on individuals. In future research, attention to network can be used as indicators of social exclusion. This may further reveal how social exclusion affects individuals' psychosomatic mechanisms.


Urban Studies ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2085-2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Inzulza-Contardo

Although gentrification is an accepted process nowadays around the globe, little debate is found in the Latin American context—particularly, when considering that 70 per cent of this continent is urbanised and that major physical and socioeconomic changes have been observed in its historical neighbourhoods in the past 20 years. This paper focuses on the continuity and change that Santiago, Chile, has shown in recent decades. Empirical data are provided to reflect both the physical and socioeconomic patterns of change that have modified the urban morphology and the social capital of Santiago’s inner city. Furthermore, by selecting Bellavista—one of the oldest inner-city neighbourhoods of Santiago—this paper draws conclusions about how specific urban regeneration strategies can promote gentrification and then links them with wider patterns of ‘Latino gentrification’.


2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Jayme Montiel ◽  
Judith M. de Guzman ◽  
Ma. Elizabeth J. Macapagal

This article examines fractures in the social representations of a contested peace agreement in the longstanding territorial conflict of Mindanao. We compared representational structures and discourses about the peace talks among Muslims and Christians. Study One used an open-ended survey of 420 Christians and Muslims from two Mindanao cities identified with different Islamised tribes, and employed the hierarchical evocation method to provide representational structures of the peace agreement. Study Two contrasted discourses about the Memorandum of Agreement between two Muslim liberation fronts identified with separate Islamised tribes in Mindanao. Findings show unified Christians’ social representations about the peace agreement. However, Muslims’ social representations diverge along the faultlines of the Islamised ethnic groups. Findings are examined in the light of ethnopolitical divides that emerge among apparently united nonmigrant groups, as peace agreements address territorial solutions. Research results are likewise discussed in relation to other tribally contoured social landscapes that carry hidden, yet fractured ethnic narratives embedded in a larger war storyline.


Author(s):  
Chayanika Mitra

This article attempts to capture gender bias in education expenditure among the religious (Hindu, Muslim and others) and the social groups (SC, ST and General) in West Bengal. Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition technique is used to obtain gender bias for a specific demographic group. Further, an attempt has been made to identify the religious or social groups with the acute problem of gender bias. In this work, 71st round (January–June 2014) education expenditure data (individual level) provided by NSSO (National Sample Survey Office) is used. JEL: I24, R1, C55


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