Effects of plant phenylpropanoid pathway products and selected terpenoids and alkaloids on the behaviour of the plant-parasitic nematodes Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus penetrans and Meloidogyne incognita

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Wuyts ◽  
Rony Swennen ◽  
Dirk De Waele
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Chemical Defence ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Irreversible Inhibitor ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractPlants produce a wide range of biologically active chemicals which have been extensively explored for nematode-antagonistic properties. Although phenylpropanoids are part of the chemical defence system of plants against pests and diseases, including parasitic nematodes, no comprehensive study exists which relates (levels of) phenylpropanoid compounds in roots to actual effects on nematode behaviour. Therefore, a broad spectrum evaluation was made of the effects of phenylpropanoids (simple phenolics and flavonoids) and selected monoterpenoids and alkaloids on the behaviour of the migratory endoparasites Radopholus similis and Pratylenchus penetrans and the sedentary endoparasite Meloidogyne incognita. In vitro bioassays assessed effects on chemotaxis, motility, viability and hatch. Compared with the other two nematode species, P. penetrans was remarkably insensitive to the test compounds. Only phloretin was (limited) hatch inhibitive. This property was shared by other chalcone-related compounds for R. similis. Repellents and motility inhibitors for R. similis and M. incognita were found among the simple phenolic compounds. Flavonols stood out as repellent compounds for both these nematode species, while they were, in their degraded form, also motility inhibitors for M. incognita. Dopamine was an attractant for R. similis, while ferulic acid was strongly motility inhibitive and toxic (LC50 of 120 μg ml−1) for this nematode species. Salicylic acid was a strong attractant for M. incognita. The compound was also nematicidal (LC50 of 46 μg ml−1) and an irreversible inhibitor of hatch.

Plant Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Plantain (Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana, AAB) in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
D. Oramas ◽  
J. Román
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Rotylenchulus Reniformis ◽  
Phytoparasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic

A survey was conducted through the five argricultural regions of Puerto Rico to determine distribution and population density of the nematode species associated with plantain. Fourteen genera, represented by 19 species of phytoparasitic nematodes were found in association with the crop: Ditylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Hoplolaimus, longidorus, Meloidogyne, Paratylenchus, Pratylenchus, Pseudhalenchus, Quinisulcius, Radopholus, Rotylenchulus, Tylenchorhynchus, Tylenchus, and Xiphinema. Meloidogyne incognita, Helicotylenchus spp., Radopholus similis, and Rotylenchulus reniformis were the most widely distributed nematode species throughout the Island. On the other hand, M. incognita, P. coffeae, R. similis, Helicotylenchus spp. , and R. reniformis had higher population densities.

scholarly journals Bio-protective effect of a root-nodulating Rhizobium etli strain in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) against Meloidogyne incognita and Radopholus similis in an in vitro autotrophic tripartite culture system

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lieselot Van der Veken ◽  
Pa Pa Win ◽  
Preeti Seeboruth ◽  
Ma. Teodora N. Cabasan ◽  
Rony Swennen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Rhizobial Strain ◽  
Radopholus Similis ◽  
Rhizobium Etli

Summary The bio-protective effect of a root-nodulating strain (CNPAF 512) of the nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, Rhizobium etli, against both a sedentary (Meloidogyne incognita) and a migratory (Radopholus similis) endoparasitic nematode in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) was examined using an in vitro autotrophic tripartite culture system. Two in vitro assays were carried out with each of the nematode species. Each assay consisted of two treatments: the plants were either inoculated with the rhizobial strain or remained non-inoculated (control plants). To examine the effect of either pre- or simultaneous inoculation of the rhizobial strain on the reproduction of M. incognita and R. similis, one assay was carried out in which the nematodes were inoculated 3 weeks after rhizobial inoculation while another assay was carried out in which the nematodes were inoculated simultaneously with the rihizobial strain. Both pre-inoculation and simultaneous inoculation with R. etli CNPAF 512 significantly suppressed the reproduction of both M. incognita and R. similis.

scholarly journals In vitro study on the nematicidal effect of different plant extracts on Pratylenchus penetrans and Meloidogyne chitwoodi

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 8945-8952
Author(s):  
Aníbal Franco Cóndor Golec
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Meloidogyne Chitwoodi ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Results

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the nematicidal effect of different glucosinolates and other secondary metabolites extracted from several plant species on the plant-parasitic nematodes Pratylenchus penetrans and Meloidogyne chitwoodi. Glucosinolate extracts from 16 species of genera Brassica, seven Lolium species and one species of Lupinus were used to investigate their nematicidal effect in vitro. From the tested extracts, the one obtained from Brassica juncea (oriental) showed the most promising results, controlling both nematode species. Lupinus sp. also showed positive results when tested against P. penetrans.

Phytochemical, Analytical and Medicinal Studies of Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch - A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Simranjeet Singh ◽  
Ragini Bhadouria ◽  
Ravindra Singh ◽  
Om Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Planch (HI) has been used to treat various ailments including obesity, osteoarthritis, arthritis, inflammation, anemia, diabetes etc. To review the major phytochemicals and medicinal properties of HI, exhaustive bibliographic research was designed by means of various scientific search engines and databases. Only 12 phytochemicals have been reported including biologically active compounds like betulin, betulinic acid, epifriedlin, octacosanol, Friedlin, Holoptelin-A and Holoptelin-B. Analytical methods including the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography With Mass Spectral (LC-MS) analysis have been used to analyze the HI. From medicinal potency point of view, these phytochemicals have a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor. In the current review, it has been noticed that the mechanism of action of HI with biomolecules has not been fully explored. Pharmacology and toxicological studies are very few. This seems a huge literature gap to be fulfilled through the detailed in-vivo and in-vitro studies.

scholarly journals Isobornylchalcones as Scaffold for the Synthesis of Diarylpyrazolines with Antioxidant Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3579
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Popova ◽  
Evgenia V. Pavlova ◽  
Oksana G. Shevchenko ◽  
Irina Yu. Chukicheva ◽  
Aleksandr V. Kutchin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Brain Lipids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Privileged Structure ◽  
Vitro Model

The pyrazoline ring is defined as a “privileged structure” in medicinal chemistry. A variety of pharmacological properties of pyrazolines is associated with the nature and position of various substituents, which is especially evident in diarylpyrazolines. Compounds with a chalcone fragment show a wide range of biological properties as well as high reactivity which is primarily due to the presence of an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system. At the same time, bicyclic monoterpenoids deserve special attention as a source of a key structural block or as one of the pharmacophore components of biologically active molecules. A series of new diarylpyrazoline derivatives based on isobornylchalcones with different substitutes (MeO, Hal, NO2, N(Me)2) was synthesized. Antioxidant properties of the obtained compounds were comparatively evaluated using in vitro model Fe2+/ascorbate-initiated lipid peroxidation in the substrate containing brain lipids of laboratory mice. It was demonstrated that the combination of the electron-donating group in the para-position of ring B and OH-group in the ring A in the structure of chalcone fragment provides significant antioxidant activity of synthesized diarylpyrazoline derivatives.

Single pass cDNA sequencing - a powerful tool to analyse gene expression in preparasitic juveniles of the southern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

Nematology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaap Bakker ◽  
Fred Gommers ◽  
Geert Smant ◽  
Pierre Abad ◽  
Marie-Noëlle Rosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cdna Library ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematode

AbstractExpressed sequence tags (EST) have been widely used to assist in gene discovery in various organisms (e.g., Arabidopsis thaliana, Caenorhabditis elegans, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens). In this paper we describe an EST project, which aims to investigate gene expression in Meloidogyne incognita at the onset of parasitism. Approximately 1000 5′-end sequence tags were produced from a cDNA library made of freshly hatched preparasitic second stage juveniles (J2). The EST were identified in the primary transformants of the cDNA library, and assigned to nine different functional groups, including (candidate) parasitism genes. A large fraction of the EST (45%) did not have a putative homologue in public databases. Sixty five percent of the EST that could be clustered into a functional group had putative homologues in other nematode species. EST were found for virtually all parasitism related genes that have been cloned from M. incognita to date. In addition, several novel genes were tagged, including a xylanase and a chitinase gene. The efficiency of EST projects, which produce sequence data for thousands of genes in months time without any difficult pre-selections of mRNA pools, makes random sequencing cDNA libraries a superior method to identify candidates for parasitism related genes in plant-parasitic nematodes. The sequences in this paper are retrievable from Genbank with the accession numbers BE191640 to BE191741, BE217592 to BE217720, BE225324 to BE225598, BE238852 to BE239221, and BE240829 to BE240865.

Combinatorial in vitro RNAi of two neuropeptide genes and a pharyngeal gland gene on Meloidogyne incognita

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Banakar ◽  
Amita Sharma ◽  
Catherine J. Lilley ◽  
Nagavara Prasad Gantasala ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Rnai Silencing ◽  
Transcript Quantification ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Pharyngeal Gland

Root-knot nematodes are the most economically important group of plant-parasitic nematodes. In the present study, functional validation using in vitro RNAi was carried out on Meloidogyne incognita with two FMRFamide-like peptide genes, flp-14 and flp-18, and a subventral pharyngeal gland specific gene, 16D10. It was found that RNAi silencing of each gene reduced the attraction of M. incognita at different time intervals both in combination and individually. Silencing of the genes reduced nematode infection by 23-30% and development as indicated by a reduction in the number of females by 26-62%. Reproduction was decreased by 27-73% and fecundity was decreased by 19-51%. In situ hybridisation revealed the expression of flp-18 in cells associated with the ventral and retro vesicular ganglia of the central nervous system. qRT-PCR supported the correlation between phenotypic effects of silencing with that of transcript quantification.

scholarly journals Molecular Diversity of Nematode Parasites in Afrotropical Reed Frogs (Hyperolius spp.)

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Ulrich Sinsch ◽  
J. Maximilian Dehling ◽  
Patrick Scheid ◽  
Carsten Balczun
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nematode Diversity ◽  
Sub Saharan

The diversity of nematodes infecting amphibians is understudied in tropical Africa and unknown in Rwanda. Diversity assessment is hampered by the fact that species descriptions refer mostly to morphological features that are unlinked to DNA sequences of marker genes available in public databases. In this paper, we explore the abundance and diversity of parasitic nematodes in reed frogs Hyperolius kivuensis (n = 115), H. parallelus (n = 45) and H. viridiflavus (n = 100) collected in Rwanda. Five nematode species were identified morphologically as Orneoascaris chrysanthemoides, O. schoutedeni, Gendria leberrei, Aplectana chamaeleonis and Rhabdias collaris. Corresponding DNA sequences of 18S and COI genes were determined and subsequently deposited in GenBank. Aplectana chamaeleonis showed the highest prevalence (8.7%), but O. chrysanthemoides the highest mean intensity of infection (6.0) and largest number (24) of individuals in H. kivuensis. To the best of our knowledge, all amphibian hosts are new records for these nematode species, which are known to infect a wide range of amphibian and reptile species. Our findings suggest that nematode diversity is probably lower than previously assumed due to low host specificity. As morphological species identification is often challenging, our data facilitate molecular identification of adult and specifically larval nematodes found in amphibians of Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals Activity of Saponins from Medicago Species against Phytoparasitic Nematodes

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trifone D’Addabbo ◽  
Maria Pia Argentieri ◽  
Jerzy Żuchowski ◽  
Elisa Biazzi ◽  
Aldo Tava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Phytoparasitic Nematodes ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Medicago Species ◽  
Phytoparasitic Nematode ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Content of bioactive saponins of Medicago species suggests that they may also exert, as previously demonstrated on M. sativa, nematicidal properties exploitable for the formulation of new products for sustainable phytoparasitic nematode management. This study was addressed to highlight the bioactivity of saponins from five different Medicago species still poorly known for their biological efficacy, i.e., M. heyniana, M. hybrida, M. lupulina, M. murex and M. truncatula, against the plant parasitic nematodes Meloidogyne incognita, Xiphinema index and Globodera rostochiensis. The bioactivity of the extracts from the five Medicago species was assessed by in vitro assays on the juveniles (J2) and eggs of M. incognita and G. rostochiensis and the adult females of X. index. The suppressiveness to M. incognita of soil treatments with the Medicago plant biomasses was also investigated in a tomato experiment. The nematicidal activity of the five Medicago species was reported and discussed in relation to their phytochemical profile.

Effects of four tanniferous plant extracts on thein vitroexsheathment of third-stage larvae of parasitic nematodes

Parasitology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. BAHUAUD ◽  
C. MARTINEZ-ORTIZ DE MONTELLANO ◽  
S. CHAUVEAU ◽  
F. PREVOT ◽  
F. TORRES-ACOSTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Rye Grass ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Third Stage

The anthelmintic properties of tanniferous plants and of their secondary metabolites represent one possible alternative to chemotherapy that is currently being explored as a means of achieving sustainable control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. Previousin vivoandin vitroresults suggest that tanniferous plants can have direct anti-parasitic effect against different stages of nematodes. However, the mode of action of the bioactive plant compounds remains obscure. The objectives of the current study were (1) to examine the hypothesis that extracts of tanniferous plants might interfere with the exsheathment of third-stage infective larvae (L3); (2) to assess the role of tannins in the process by examining the consequence of adding an inhibitor of tannins (polyethylene glycol: PEG) to extracts. The effects of 4 tanniferous plant extracts on exsheathment have been examined on L3 ofHaemonchus contortusandTrichostrongylus colubriformis. Artificial exsheathment was inducedin vitroby adding hypochloride solution to larval suspension. The evolution of exsheathment with time was measured by repeated observations at 10-min interval for 60 min. The selected plants were: genista (Sarothamnus scoparius), heather (Erica erigena), pine tree (Pinus sylvestris), and chestnut tree (Castanea sativa), with tannin contents ranging from 1·5 to 24·7% of DM. Extracts of a non-tanniferous plant (rye grass, tannin content: 0·3% of DM) were included in the assay as negative controls. The extracts were tested at the concentration of 600 μg/ml and the effects were compared to the rate of exsheathment of control larvae in PBS. No statistical differences in the pattern of exsheathment was observed after addition of rye grass or genista extracts for both nematode species and with heather extracts forT. colubriformis. In contrast, pine tree extracts on larvae of both species and heather extracts withH. contortusinduced a significant delay in exsheathment. Last, contact with chest nut extracts led to a total inhibition of the process for both nematodes. These results suggest that extracts of tanniferous plants might affect a key process in the very early stages of larval invasion of the host. In most cases, the addition of PEG led to a total or partial restoration towards control values. This suggests that tannins are largely involved in the inhibitory process. However, other secondary metabolites may also interfere with the process that would help to explain some of the differences in response observed between the two nematode species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document