The euglenoid genus Trachelomonas (Euglenophyta) from eastern Poland. Study on morphology and ultrastructure of envelopes with comments on morphologically similar species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 278 (3) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAŁGORZATA PONIEWOZIK
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Research ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Almost All

I examined representatives of the genus Trachelomonas from two water bodies in eastern Poland. Using both light and scanning microscopy, a total of 47 taxa were recorded during two years of study. Among the 47 taxa, 7 were new to Poland (T. botanica var. minor, T. manginii, T. obovata var. klebsiana, T. zorensis, T. mirabilis var. obesa, T. raciborskii var. incerta and T. woycickii f. pusilla). All taxa found were briefly described and originally illustrated, and I added taxonomical comments to almost all of them. These taxonomical comments may be helpful in further research because at present, taxonomical identification of species during environmental research is still based on the morphology of trachelomonad envelopes. Taxonomists around the world use key books for identification, which were written based on (often old) data concerning the external structure of envelopes. My study provided valuable information on similarities and differences between taxa that appear very similar. I also provided information on the ecology and biogeography of the reported taxa. For three of the taxa (T. volvocinopsis f. volvocinopsis, T. volvocina var. volvocina, T. hispida var. hispida), which were characterised by the highest frequency of occurrence during the studies, I examined and analysed their presence in different abiotic conditions (both water reaction and water temperature). The data showed that the taxa preferred alkaline water conditions, with the median pH for the species ranging from 7.9 to 8.8. T. volvocinospis occurred in the broadest pH range and preferred cooler waters, whereas T. hispida var. hispida was most often observed in warm water.

scholarly journals Population fluctuation and food preference of African snail by horticulture crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindinalva dos Santos ◽  
Carla Ruth de Carvalho Barbosa-Negrisoli ◽  
Maciel Bispo dos Santos ◽  
Aldomário Santo Negrisoli Junior
Keyword(s):  
Food Preference ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Achatina Fulica ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Preference Tests

ABSTRACT: The African snail Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822), originally from Africa, was introduced in Brazil and since then became an important pest, because of its resistance to abiotic conditions, hermaphroditism, polyphagia and absence of natural enemies. Considered as one of the 100 worst pests in the world, with the record of establishment in almost all Brazilian states, it causes sanitary, ecological and economic losses. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the population dynamics and food preference of the giant snail in three areas of lettuce, located in Alagoas, Brazil. There was no statistical difference between food preference tests with and without choice among the varieties offered. To the fluctuation of the population of A. fulica, the Pearson correlation coefficients were negative only for temperature, and there was no correlation with precipitation and relative humidity.

scholarly journals TREND KURIKULUM DALAM PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andes Safarandes Asmara ◽  
Iwan Junaedi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Almost All

Abstract: The curriculum that applies to education is always changing according to the level of science needs and the world of the future. The curriculum is a set of rules and procedures in conducting education or in the broad sense contains the meaning related to the purpose and content of mathematics education and the means to achieve that goal. (ICMI, 1997). The purpose of this article is to know the trend of national and international curriculum in example through France. The applicable 2013 curriculum in Indonesia emphasizes the components of observing, questioning, trying, processing, presenting, summarizing and creating what is called the scientific aproach. These components should be generated in every learning process. While almost all formal education systems in France are implemented in a strictly centralized and controlled by the Ministry of Education Tadjab, and the distinctive features of the curriculum (1994: 99). Thus, in terms of the similarities and differences of the prevailing educational system, there is overall a relationship and has many similarities between education in Indonesia and France. Keywords: Curriculum, Mathematics Education Abstrak: Kurikulum yang berlaku untuk pendidikan selalu berubah sesuai dengan tingkat kebutuhan ilmu dan dunia masa depan.kurikulum adalah seperangkat aturan dan tatacara dalam melakukan pendidikan atau dalam arti luas mengandung arti hal yang berkaitan dengan tujuan dan isi pendidikan matematika serta sarana untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. (ICMI,1997). Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah ingin mngetahui trend kurikulum nasional maupun internasional yang di contohkan memalui negara Perancis. Kurikulum 2013 yang berlaku di Indonesia menekankan komponen mengamati, menanya, mencoba, mengolah, menyajikan, menyimpulkan serta mencipta yang disebut pendekatan ilmiah (scientific Aproach). Komponenkomponen tersebut seyogyanya dapat di munculkan pada setiap proses pembelajaran. Sedangkan hampir seluruh sistem pendidikan formal di Perancis dilaksanakan secara tersentralisasi yang ketat dan dikontrol oleh Kementerian Pendidikan Tadjab, dan ciri yang khas dari kurikulum (1994: 99). Maka di dapat persamaan dan perbedaan dari sistem pendidikan yang berlaku, namun secara keseluruhan terdapat hubungan dan memiliki banyak kesamaan antar pendidikan yang ada di Indonesia dan Perancis. Kata kunci: Kurikulum, Pendidikan Matematika.

Globalization and interconfessional communications

2001 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Serhii Viktorovych Svystunov
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
Target Set ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rapid Appearance

In the 21st century, the world became a sign of globalization: global conflicts, global disasters, global economy, global Internet, etc. The Polish researcher Casimir Zhigulsky defines globalization as a kind of process, that is, the target set of characteristic changes that develop over time and occur in the modern world. These changes in general are reduced to mutual rapprochement, reduction of distances, the rapid appearance of a large number of different connections, contacts, exchanges, and to increase the dependence of society in almost all spheres of his life from what is happening in other, often very remote regions of the world.

From the Tower of London to the Thomas More Society of Buenos Aires: “Give me thy grace, good Lord, to set the world at nought”

Moreana ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (Number 164) (4) ◽  
pp. 187-206
Author(s):  
Clare M. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Short History ◽  
Thomas More ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
Hebrew Poetry ◽  
Prayer Book ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Book Of Hours ◽  
Almost All

The Thomas More Society of Buenos Aires begins or ends almost all its events by reciting in both English and Spanish a prayer written by More in the margins of his Book of Hours probably while he was a prisoner in the Tower of London. After a short history of what is called Thomas More’s Prayer Book, the author studies the prayer as a poem written in the form of a psalm according to the structure of Hebrew poetry, and looks at the poem’s content as a psalm of lament.

Auto Markets in the World and Strategy of Japan’s Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Matsuoka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Auto Industry ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Made In

In the world auto market, top three companies are VW(Volkswagen), Runault-Nissan-Mistubishi, and Toyota. About some selected countries and areas, China, England, Italy, Australia, Germany, Turkey, Russia, Sweden, USA, Brazil, UAE, Japan, Vietnam and Thailand are more competitive. However, the situation is different. Seeing monopolistic market countries and areas, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Korea, Malaysia, France, India, and Pakistan, in particular, the influence of Japan to Taiwan, India, and Pakistan is very big. But in Korea and France, their own companies’ brands occupy the market. In Japan domestic market, the overall situation is competitive. Almost all vehicles made in Japan are Japanese brand. From now on, we have to note the development of electric vehicle (EV) and other new technologies such as automatic driving and connected car. That is because they will give a great impact on the auto industry and market of Japan. Now Japan’s auto industry is going to be consolidated into three groups, Honda, Toyota group, and Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi group for seeking the scale merit of economy. Therefore, I will pay attention to the worldwide development of EV and other new technologies and the reorganization of auto companies groups.

ON EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF THERMAL AND WIND FACTORS FOR A PHYSICAL MODEL OF THE WORLD OCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
V. G. Neiman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Model ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The main content of the work consists of certain systematization and addition of longexisting, but eventually deformed and partly lost qualitative ideas about the role of thermal and wind factors that determine the physical mechanism of the World Ocean’s General Circulation System (OGCS). It is noted that the conceptual foundations of the theory of the OGCS in one form or another are contained in the works of many well-known hydrophysicists of the last century, but the aggregate, logically coherent description of the key factors determining the physical model of the OGCS in the public literature is not so easy to find. An attempt is made to clarify and concretize some general ideas about the two key blocks that form the basis of an adequate physical model of the system of oceanic water masses motion in a climatic scale. Attention is drawn to the fact that when analyzing the OGCS it is necessary to take into account not only immediate but also indirect effects of thermal and wind factors on the ocean surface. In conclusion, it is noted that, in the end, by the uneven flow of heat to the surface of the ocean can be explained the nature of both external and almost all internal factors, in one way or another contributing to the excitation of the general, or climatic, ocean circulation.

COMPARATIVE METHOD IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: BETWEEN PRESUMPTIONS OF SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 84-113
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRA A. TROITSKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The two main approaches to the use of the comparative method in legal research, functional and cultural, have some "predetermined" considerations regarding the results that will (or should) be discovered by comparing various legal phenomena — should the emphasis be on similarities or differences between these phenomena. These considerations are based on the vision of, respectively, the universal or pluralistic nature of law of various societies, and in fact they are able to correct substantially the process of cognition of legal phenomena using the comparative method, adjusting it to the desired result. In the case of similarities, we can talk about artificially narrowing the circle of countries under investigation. In the case of differences, the isolation of systems and the uniqueness of their cultural characteristics are unreasonably exaggerated. The alternative assumptions presented in the theory of comparative law regarding the existence of universal principles of law or the fundamental uniqueness of each legal system require a critical rethinking of constitutional provisions and practice in comparative studies. The use of the comparative method in constitutional law is not reducible to the implementation of the ideas of political philosophy, and objective conclusions should not be replaced by predetermined normative guidelines. The similarities and differences revealed by the researcher of constitutional ideas, norms and practices can be considered as a result of comparison of independent value.Constitutional law is associated with a variety of substantial constructs existing in the world, not excluding, however, their intercommunication. Understanding these constructions requires attention to both the similarities and the differences in specific legal orders (as well as the reasons for their functioning in this, and not another form). The use of the comparative method in the absence of striving for predetermined results is simultaneously aimed at understanding the laws of development of constitutional institutions and maintaining the horizon of their diversity as an important component of this development. Each time, the researcher should distance himself from his prejudices regarding the similarities or differences between the institutes under study, rechecking whether the obtained results are really the results of applying the comparative method, and not the initial constructions.The logic of a comparative study corresponds to the construction of theories of "middle level", aimed at forming the theoretical model of a particular legal in-stitution, taking into account the practice of implementing this institution in specific states. The focus on middle-level theories within the framework of the comparative method allows one to go beyond the description of single systems, formulate conclusions at the level of generalization that ensure the comparability of the studied objects, and at the same time maintain an understanding of the diversity of constitutional models.

Modeling COVID-19 Growing Trends to Reveal the Differences in the Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions among Countries in the World (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Chen ◽  
Yubo Feng ◽  
Chao Yan ◽  
Xinmeng Zhang ◽  
Cheng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

BACKGROUND Adopting non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) can affect COVID-19 growing trends, decrease the number of infected cases, and thus reduce mortality and healthcare demand. Almost all countries in the world have adopted non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to control the spread rate of COVID-19; however, it is unclear what are differences in the effectiveness of NPIs among these countries. OBJECTIVE We hypothesize that COVID-19 case growth data reveals the efficacy of NPIs. In this study, we conduct a secondary analysis of COVID-19 case growth data to compare the differences in the effectiveness of NPIs among 16 representative countries in the world. METHODS This study leverages publicly available data to learn patterns of dynamic changes in the reproduction rate for sixteen countries covering Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Australia, and Africa. Furthermore, we model the relationships between the cumulative number of cases and the dynamic reproduction rate to characterize the effectiveness of the NPIs. We learn four levels of NPIs according to their effects in the control of COVID-19 growth and categorize the 16 countries into the corresponding groups. RESULTS The dynamic changes of the reproduction rate are learned via linear regression models for all of the studied countries, with the average adjusted R-squared at 0.96 and the 95% confidence interval as [0.94 0.98]. China, South Korea, Argentina, and Australia are at the first level of NPIs, which are the most effective. Japan and Egypt are at the second level of NPIs, and Italy, Germany, France, Netherlands, and Spain, are at the third level. The US and UK have the most inefficient NPIs, and they are at the fourth level of NPIs. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 case growth data provides evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of the NPIs. Understanding the differences in the efficacy of the NPIs among countries in the world can give guidance for emergent public health events. CLINICALTRIAL NA

The Indian Yearbook of Comparative Law 2016

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Law ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Reading Materials ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Day By Day

The contributions, by eminent scholars, included in The Indian Yearbook of Comparative Law 2016 discuss the discipline of comparative law in India and is of immense importance for legal scholarship around the globe. Unlike the West, that has covered almost all aspects of law from private to public law matters of national, transnational, and international relevance, not much work has been done in the discipline of Comparative law in India. In view of the countries and people of the world coming closer day by day, the need for the comparative study of law is becoming a sine qua non for participation in almost all transactions among people living across the globe. The attempt made with this volume will not only meet the much-awaited need of having reading materials on comparative law, but will also create a forum for legal scholars around the world to express their views on different aspects of law in comparative perspective. The issues covered her range from comparative legal methods to comparison in different aspects of law in different countries, as well as transnational and international bodies such as European Union and the various bodies of the United Nations. The issues covered include corporate law, constitutional law, human rights, environmental law, globalization, democracy, privatization, and several other contemporary legal issues.

Identification of anthracnose races in Manitoba and Ontario from 2005 to 2015 and their reactions on Ontario dry bean cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Conner ◽  
Greg J. Boland ◽  
Chris L. Gillard ◽  
Yongyan Chen ◽  
Xuechan Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World ◽  
New Races ◽  
Resistance Spectrum

Anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Briosi & Cavara, is one of the most destructive diseases of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the world. Between 2005 and 2015, commercial fields of dry beans in Manitoba and Ontario were surveyed to determine the frequency of occurrence of races of the anthracnose fungus. Throughout the study, race 73 was most prevalent in Manitoba and Ontario. However, three anthracnose races not previously reported in Canada also were identified. These three new races and four previously identified anthracnose races were used to screen 52 dry bean cultivars, as well as a mung bean and azuki bean cultivar from Ontario, for their seedling reactions to determine their patterns of race resistance. The dry bean cultivars were classified into a total of 19 resistance spectra based on the pattern of seedling reactions to the seven anthracnose races. The most common resistance spectrum was susceptible to the majority of the anthracnose races and no cultivar was resistant to all of the races. Many bean cultivars produced intermediate anthracnose ratings to races 31 and 105 and tests of 16 dry bean cultivars against those races indicated that all cultivars with intermediate ratings to a specific race were segregating in their seedling reactions and none of the cultivars produced plants with only intermediate anthracnose severity ratings. This study provides new information on the anthracnose reactions of common bean cultivars in Canada, which should be useful for the development of new bean cultivars with durable resistance.

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