The Effect of Autophagy Induced by Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 3 (Smad3) Regulated by MicroRNA (miRNA)-23b on Renal Injury in Septic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1825-1831
Author(s):  
Zhao Niu ◽  
Duojiao Fan ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Junling Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Beclin 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Smad3 Expression ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Related Proteins

This study intends to investigate the mechanism by how microRNA (miRNA)-23b alleviates kidney damage in septic rats. Herein, septic rat model, control group and sham-operated model were set up to assess kidney tissue damage. Tissues were extracted from the rats and isolated into cells. Then cells were transfected with plasmids expressing miR-23b followed by analysis of the expression of miR-23b, Smad3, TLR4, HMGB1 and autophagy-related proteins (LC3, beclin-1) by western blot and RT-qPCR. The level of TNF-α, IL-6 and BUN and SCr were elevated in the model group and decreased after upregulation of miR-23b with increased LC3-II, Smad3 and Beclin-1 expression. miR-23b mimic group showed highest miR-23b expression followed by miR-23b NC group and miR-23b inhibitor group. The levels of TLR4, and HMGB1 and positive rate of NF-κBp65 in miR-23b mimic group were significantly lower than those in miR-23b inhibitor group (p < 0.05). Importantly, miR-23b directly targeted Smad3 and inhibited its expression. In conclusion, overexpressed miR-23b induces autophagy by promoting Smad3 expression, alleviates kidney damage in septic rats, and reduces inflammation and inactivates NF-κB signaling pathway.

Protective Effect of MicroRNA-23b on Kidney Injury in Septic Rats Through Regulation of Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 3 (Smad3)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-703
Author(s):  
Yanlou Bai ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Suwen Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Beclin 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glomerular Mesangial Cells ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Smad3 Expression ◽  
Set Up

Our study aims to investigate the mechanism whereby microRNA (miRNA)-23b alleviates kidney damage in septic rats. Herein, we set up septic rat model, control group and sham-operated model to evaluate the kidney tissue damage. The glomerular mesangial cells isolated from rats were transfected with plasmids expressing miR-23b followed by analysis of the expression of miR-23b, Smad3, TLR4, HMGB1 and expression of autophagy-related proteins (LC3, beclin-1) by western blot and RT-qPCR. The level of TNF-α, IL-6 and BUN and SCr were significantly elevated in the model group and decreased after overexpression of miR-23b with elevated LC3-II, Smad3 and Beclin-1 expression. miR-23b mimic group presented highest expression of miR-23b, followed by miR-23b NC group, and miR-23b inhibitor group. The levels of TLR4, and HMGB1 and positive rate of NF-κBp65 in miR-23b mimic group were significantly lower than those in miR-23b inhibitor group (p < 0.05). Importantly, miR-23b has a targeted relationship with Smad3. Overexpression of miR- 23b induces autophagy by promoting the Smad3 expression, alleviates kidney damage in septic rats, and reduces inflammation and inactivates NF-κB signaling pathway.

scholarly journals The Effect of Different Laser Irradiation on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Leucopenia in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jizhong Zhao ◽  
Ke Cheng ◽  
Haiping Deng ◽  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Lanlan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Treatment ◽  
Irradiation Group ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
First Time

Objective. To assess the effect of different lasers on cyclophosphamide- (CTX-) induced leucopenia in rats.Methods. 11 rats were normal control and 55 rats were injected with a dose of 80 mg/kg CTX for the first time and 40 mg/kg on the 6th and the 11th days to establish a leucopenia model. Rats of the irradiation groups received a 5-minute laser irradiation with either single 10.6 μm or 650 nm laser or alternatively 10.6 μm–650 nm laser irradiation, besides a sham treatment on acupoint Dazhui (DU 14) and acupoint Zusanli (ST 36) of both sides, 8 times for 16 days. Normal and model control group received no treatment.Results. On day 16 after the first CTX injection, the WBC counts from all the laser irradiation groups were significantly higher than those from the model control and the sham group (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences compared with the normal control (P>0.05). The TI of 10.6 μm–650 nm laser irradiation group was significantly higher than that of the model control group (P<0.05).Conclusions. The single and combined 10.6 μm and 650 nm laser irradiation on ST36 and DU14 accelerated the recovery of the WBC count in the rats with leucopenia.

Antioxidant Research of Persimmon Extraction in Ionizing Radiatio Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 1198-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Ning Chen ◽  
Wan Shan Hu ◽  
Yuan Hong Xie ◽  
Yu Hua Li ◽  
Lin Bo Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Dosage Group ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Set Up

Persimmon has good health function. To further investigate the antioxidant function in vivo, we set up a model mice with ionizing radiation. IRC mice were divided randomly into six groups, Blank control group, Model control group, VE control group, Low dosage group (G1), Middle dosage group (G2) and High dosage group (G3) respectively. Orally given persimmon extract for 35 days, mice were treated with γ-rays. Our results indicated that pervious administration of the persimmon extraction obviously increased the liver index of the mice. And pathological inspection by microscope suggested that orally given persimmon extraction obviously protected the liver cells of the mice. Further analysis demonstrated that persimmon extraction decreased the MDA content, and increased the SOD and GSH-PX activity in both the serum and the liver in the mice after the Ionizing radiation. Our results suggested the protection role of persimmon extraction by inhibiting the oxidation reaction in vivo.

scholarly journals Antitumor activity of tanshinone and its nanoparticles on U14 cervical carcinoma-bearing mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 184954351667344
Author(s):  
Ya Di ◽  
Qingjie Meng ◽  
Hongwei Yang ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Liyan Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Tumor Inhibition ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group

In this study, tanshinone was extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza. To improve the utilization and the dissolution of the drug, the tanshinone extractions were prepared at a pharmaceutical nanoscale and in the nanometer range of 100–200 nm. Then, the rate of tumor inhibition and the activity of antioxidant system and the thymus/spleen indices were investigated to find the antitumor effect of nanoparticles of tanshinone in cervical carcinoma-bearing mice. Our data suggest that tanshinone inhibits cervical tumor growth and the rates of tumor inhibition of all drug groups were more than 45%. The highest rate was 70.88% in the high dose of nanoscale tanshinone group. The activities of superoxide dismutase were higher in drug groups than in the model control group, and the concentrations of malondialdehyde were significantly lower. These findings suggested that tanshinone enhance the superoxide dismutase activity of the mice and decrease the malondialdehyde content. It may be one of the mechanisms of antitumor effect of tanshinone. The thymus index and spleen index were higher than normal control or model control. These data suggested that tanshinone also enhanced the immune system of mice.

scholarly journals The Effect of Broccoli Extract in Arsenic-Induced Experimental Poisoning on the Hematological, Biochemical, and Electrophoretic Parameters of the Liver and Kidney of Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Raeeszadeh ◽  
Pouria Karimi ◽  
Nadia Khademi ◽  
Pejman Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Liver And Kidney Damage

Heavy metals such as arsenic contribute to environmental pollution that can lead to systemic effects in various body organs. Some medicinal plants such as broccoli have been shown to reduce the harmful effects of these heavy metals. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of broccoli extract on liver and kidney toxicity, considering hematological and biochemical changes. The experimental study was performed in 28 days on 32 male Wistar rats classified into four groups: the control group (C), a group receiving 5 mg/kg oral arsenic (AS), a group receiving 300 mg/kg broccoli (B), and a group receiving arsenic and broccoli combination (AS + B). Finally, blood samples were taken to evaluate the hematological and biochemical parameters of the liver and kidney, as well as serum proteins’ concentration. Liver and kidney tissue were fixed and stained by H&E and used for histopathological diagnosis. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) in the AS group compared to other groups. However, in the B group, a significant increase in RBC and WBC was observed compared to the AS and C groups ( P  < 0.05). Moreover, RBC and WBC levels increased significantly in the AS + B group compared to the AS group ( P  = 0.046). However, in the AS group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels increased, while total protein, albumin, and globulin decreased. This can be a result of liver and kidney damage, which was observed in the AS group. Furthermore, the increase in the concentration of albumin and globulin in the AS + B group was higher than that in the AS group. Infiltration of inflammatory cells and necrosis of the liver and kidney tissue in the pathological evaluation of the AS group were significantly higher than other groups. There was an increase in superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC); however, a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was seen in the AS + B group compared to the AS group. It seems that broccoli is highly effective at reducing liver and kidney damage and improving the hematological and biochemical factors in arsenic poisoning conditions.

scholarly journals The Polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula Modulates the Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota of Cyclophosphamide-Treated Immunosuppressed Mice

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ping Fu ◽  
Bin Feng ◽  
Zhong-Kai Zhu ◽  
Xin Feng ◽  
Shu-Fan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Codonopsis Pilosula ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Immunosuppressed Mice ◽  
Secretory Immunoglobulin

Based on previous studies about microflora regulation and immunity enhancement activities of polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula Nannf. var. modesta (Nannf.) L. T. Shen (CPP), there is little study on intestinal mucosal immunity, which is a possible medium for contacting microflora and immunity. In the present study, the BALB/c mice were divided into five groups (eight mice in each group), including a normal group (Con), a model control group (Model), and model groups that were administered CPP (50, 100, 200 mg/kg/d) orally each day for seven days after intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg BW/d cyclophosphamide (CP) for three days. CPP recovered the spleen index and restored the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, as well as serum IgG. In addition, it elevated ileum secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), the number of Lactobacillus and acetic acid content in cecum. These results indicated that CPP plays an important role in the protection against immunosuppression, especially mucosa immune damage, and the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria colonization, which could be considered a potential natural source of immunoregulator.

scholarly journals Curative Effect and Mechanism of Guiren Runchang Granules on Morphine-Induced Slow Transit Constipation in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yihan Sun ◽  
Chengqiu Yan ◽  
Shifeng Jin ◽  
Chong Shi ◽  
Jingming Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Slow Transit Constipation ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group ◽  
Slow Transit ◽  
Transit Constipation ◽  
Medium Dose

Recent studies have identified the curative effects of traditional Chinese medicine for constipation. The mechanism of action of Guiren Runchang granules (GRGs) in the treatment of slow transit constipation (STC) was evaluated in this study. Here, we assessed the efficacy of GRG by comparing the differences in fecal characteristics, stool weight, and intestinal transit rate (ITR) among 6 groups (n = 12/group), which were administered three concentrations of GRG, mosapride, and saline. The influence of GRG on the SCF/c-kit pathway, AQP4, and serum motilin of mice was assessed through ELISA, western blot, and immunohistochemical analysis. The dry weight of mouse feces at 24 hr and ITR in the MD (medium-dose GRG; 9.44 g/kg/d) and HD (high-dose GRG; 18.88 g/kg/d) groups was higher than that in the MC (model control) group. The serum motilin of morphine-induced mice level was lower in the MC group than in the NC (normal control) group, and this condition was improved in the HD group. The HD group expressed significantly higher levels of SCF and c-kit protein but lower levels of AQP4 and simultaneously presented more SCF-positive and c-kit-positive cells. However, no differences in the serum SCF level were found among the six groups. Certain concentrations of GRG are effective in STC mice, the potential mechanism of which may be associated with repairing the SCF/c-kit pathway and reducing the expression of AQP4 in the colon. GRG improved the serum motilin level but had no influence on the serum SCF level.

Effect of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticles on diabetic retinopathy in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1511-1517
Author(s):  
Chengyan Li ◽  
Guihong Zhao ◽  
Lianwei Lu ◽  
Xiuping Du
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group

Triamcinolone acetonide acetate (TAA)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were prepared to investigate their transdermal absorption in vitro and establish a diabetic retinopathy (DR) rat model. To evaluate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle capsules on improving the structure of the retina and pancreas, we measured blood glucose levels and investigated the pathological changes in the retina and pancreas. The effect of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle capsules on the morphology of the retina and pancreas of the rats with DR was determined and compared among the normal group, model control group, positive control group, and triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle group. After treatment with triamcinolone acetonideloaded nanoparticle capsules for 2 months, the blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were significantly lower (P < 0.01) and the pathological changes were less severe in the triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle group than in the model control group. In addition, the arrangement of the photoreceptor cell layers in the retina was organized, intracellular and extracellular edema in each layer was reduced compared with that in the model control group, the capillary lumen was not occluded, and the peripheral cells were slightly edematous in the triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle group. Triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle capsules could effectively reduce the blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels and improve the structure of the retina and pancreas in the rats with DR.

scholarly journals Effects of Moxibustion Stimulation on the Intensity of Infrared Radiation of Tianshu (ST25) Acupoints in Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Wang ◽  
Shuang Zhou ◽  
Wei Yao ◽  
Hua Wan ◽  
Huangan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Moxibustion Group ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group ◽  
Biophysical Mechanism ◽  
The Right ◽  
Colitis Model

ST25 is a key acupoint used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis by moxibustion stimulation, but the biophysical mechanism underlying its effects is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the biophysical properties of ST25 acupoint stimulated by moxibustion in a rat model of ulcerative colitis. The infrared radiation intensity of fourteen wavelengths of ST25 showed significant differences between the normal and model control groups. The intensity of infrared radiation of forty wavelengths showed significant differences compared with the corresponding control points in normal rats. The intensity of infrared radiation of twenty-eight wavelengths showed significant differences compared with the corresponding control points in model rats. The intensity of infrared radiation of nine wavelengths in the herb-partition moxibustion group, eighteen wavelengths in the ginger-partition moxibustion group, seventeen wavelengths in the garlic-partition moxibustion group, and fourteen wavelengths in the warming moxibustion group of the left ST25 showed significant differences compared with that of the model control group. For the right-hand-side ST25, these values were 33, 33, 2, and 8 wavelengths, respectively. This indicated that one possible biophysical mechanism of moxibustion on ST25 in ulcerative colitis model rats might involve changes in the intensity of infrared radiation of ST25 at different wavelengths.

Effect of Polysaccharide from Tricholoma Matsutake on TNF-α and IL-2

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5435-5438
Author(s):  
Tan Li ◽  
Ming Zhu ◽  
Ming Yue Zhai ◽  
Ye Shen ◽  
Gang Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Mrna Transcription ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group ◽  
Factor Alpha

The effects of the polysaccharide extracted from Tricholoma matsutake on the immune response of Sarcoma180 bearing mice were evaluated. Mice were treated with two doses of polysaccharideL-2(1,10mg/kgbodyweight) for 10 days. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-2(IL-2) in mice serum and TNF-α mRNA expression were determined. The concentration of TNF-α in serum increased significantly in two doses groups compared to the model control group, but IL-2 not. The level of TNF-α mRNA transcription increased significantly in two doses groups to the model control group. Results of these studies demonstrated the polysaccharide significantly promoted TNF-α production, immunity potentiating and anti-tumor effects of the polysaccharide were associated with its potentiation of TNF-α mRNA expression at the transcriptional level.

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