Lymphangiomas of the Larynx in Infants and Children

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seymour R. Cohen ◽  
Jerome W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Cystic Hygroma ◽  
The Body ◽  
First Year ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Extensive Involvement ◽  
In Infants And Children

Lymphangiomas are uncommon benign congenital lymphatic tumors of childhood. They are found in all parts of the body structure, but rarely occur in the larynx. This paper reviews charts of 160 patients with cystic hygroma (lymphangiomata) of whom ten had extensive involvement of the larynx. A benign but nevertheless challenging tumor, its treatment demands the patience and skill of the surgeon. The lesion is more common in the white patient, and 40% appear in the newborn. Fifty percent present by the end of the first year of life, and 75% by the end of the second. The onset is uncommon in the older child and a rare occurrence in the adult. The treatment of lymphangiomata is surgical excision, and is more difficult when in the larynx. Laser surgery has been most helpful when the lesion is in the laryngeal complex. Considering the extreme difficulties which lymphangioma present to the child and to the physician, the ultimate results of all forms of conservative surgical therapy can be rewarding. Excessive or radical surgery will not necessarily guarantee complete elimination of disease and may be harmful.

scholarly journals Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy: Presentation of a Case Affecting the Mandible

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souhir Khemiri ◽  
Jihene Feki ◽  
Afef Khanfir ◽  
Mohamed Abdelmoula ◽  
Mounir Frikha
Keyword(s):  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Anterior Mandible

Abstract- Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare and distinctive neoplasm of early infancy with rapid expansile growth and a high rate of recurrences. Most commonly the lesion affects the maxilla of infants during the first year of life, but it may also occur in the mandible, skull, brain, epididymis, and other rare locations. Common treatment methods’ include surgical excision and resection of the tumor. The aim of this article was to show the diagnosis and treatment of a 7-month-old patient with melanotic neuroectodermal tumor occurred in the anterior mandible and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

On the relative growth and development of various breeds and crosses of sheep

1921 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Rates Of Growth

Records of the live and carcase weights of sheep exhibited at the Smithfield Show from 1893 to 1913 have been treated statistically. The results show the average weights, rates of growth, and proportions of the carcase in the different breeds of sheep at 9 months and at 21 months of age (see Tables II and V).On the average of all breeds the rate of growth declines from 4·7 lbs. per week from birth to 9 months of age to 1·7 lbs. per week from 9 to 21 months of age.The carcase percentage increases with age on the average from 61 per cent, at 9 months to 65 per cent, at 21 months and with it the percentage of fat from 5·7 per cent, at 9 months to 64 per cent, at 21 months. On the other hand the proportions of pluck, skin and alimentary canal (“Unaccounted for”) decrease with age.Ratios of early maturity are given for the various breeds and the factors which affect it are discussed.The average weights, rates of growth and proportions of the carcase are given for the different crosses of sheep (see Tables IX and XIII).From a comparison of crossbreds with pure breeds it would appear that crossing leads to increase in live weight and probably more early maturity. There is an indication that the proportions of carcase, fat and pluck are less but the proportions of skin and alimentary canal are greater in crossbreds than in the pure breeds of sheep.There is greater variation in live weight in the Cheviot and Blackface breeds than in the Leicester, Southdown, Hampshire and Suffolk breeds; in the latter breeds variability decreases but in the former breeds it increases with age.Variability in live weight at 9 months old has steadily increased from 1893 to 1913 but at 21 months old there has been little change.Some parts are more variable in their proportion to live weight than are others. Fat and alimentary canal are most variable, skin and pluck slightly less variable, while the proportion of carcase is less variable even than live weight.The variability of the proportions of carcase, pluck and alimentary canal increase while the variability of the proportions of fat and skin decrease with age.Within a breed and among animals of the same age the heaviest sheep generally have the highest carcase and fat percentage and the lowest percentage of pluck, skin and alimentary canal.A high proportion of carcase is correlated with a high proportion of fat and a low proportion of skin and alimentary canal at 9 months old. At 21 months old the same holds true with the exception that the sheep with the highest carcase percentage have not the most fat.The proportion of pluck does not appear to be correlated with any other part of the body except inversely with the live weight.During the period 1893–1913, although individual breeds show differences, the majority have increased in live weight at 9 months old but at 21 months old have remained practically constant in weight.The sheep exhibited in 1840 were very much fatter than those shown in the Carcase Classes of to-day and are probably comparable with those of the present-day Live Classes. Since 1840 Leicesters have shown a great increase and Southdowns a small increase in weight.The carcase percentage of sheep both at 9 and 21 months of age has steadily decreased during the period 1893–1913; this has been attended by an increase in the proportion of pluck, skin and alimentary canal.There is an indication that the influences which affect sheep in their first year of life (store period) affect their ultimate size.The seasonal variation in the weight attained by sheep is dependent on the rainfall; a high rainfall through increased root and fodder crops causing increased live weight.

scholarly journals Changing body structure components and motor skills in military high school students within one year

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 677-682
Author(s):  
Boris Glavac ◽  
Milivoj Dopsaj ◽  
Marina Djordjevic-Nikic ◽  
Milos Maksimovic ◽  
Marjan Marinkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
First Year ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
One Year

Background/Aim. Proper growth and development of adolescents in the morphological, functional and psychosocial aspects is the imperative of the educational process. The aim of this study was to determine the status and changes in the indicators of morphological characteristics, motor skills and lifestyle habits among the students of the Military High School in Belgrade. Methods. The study included 217 students aged 15 to 18 years (from the first to the fourth grade). The two measurements performed at the intervals of one year were used to determine: the body structure by means of 10 variables and motor skills by 4 variables, while life habits were determined by 25 variables. Results. The differences in the indicators of morphological characteristics were recorded in all the groups, being the highest in the first year of schooling. During the period of growing up, a reduction of fatty component in percentage values was found, as well as an increase of muscle mass. The progressive growth of motor skills in the first, second and the third grade was recorded in the manifestation of power, and endurance improved only in the first year. In terms of dietary habits, there was no difference among the groups. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate proper morphological and motor development and the formation of lifestyle habits. The data obtained will serve as a basis for health and functional prevention and upgrading in terms of improvement of the process of military education.

scholarly journals Early Motor Differences in Infants at Elevated Likelihood of Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 4367-4384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannath Begum Ali ◽  
◽  
Tony Charman ◽  
Mark H. Johnson ◽  
Emily J. H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
First Year ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Midline Crossing ◽  
First Year Of Life

AbstractWe investigated infant’s manual motor behaviour; specifically behaviours crossing the body midline. Infants at elevated likelihood of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and/or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) produced fewer manual behaviours that cross the midline compared to infants with a typical likelihood of developing these disorders; however this effect was limited to 10-month-olds and not apparent at age 5 and 14 months. Although, midline crossing did not predict ASD traits, it was related to ADHD traits at 2 years of age. We rule out motor ability and hand dominance as possible explanations for this pattern of behaviour, positing that these results may be a consequence of multisensory integration abilities, and the neurobehavioural shift period, in the first year of life.

scholarly journals P157 Modelling the developmental trajectory of infant and child sleep

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A72-A73
Author(s):  
L Webb ◽  
A Phillips ◽  
J Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
First Year ◽  
Child Sleep ◽  
Sleep Behaviour ◽  
Physiologically Based ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
In Infants And Children

Abstract Introduction Sleep is important for infant and child neurodevelopment, yet there is a lack of mechanistic understanding of what drives the changes in sleep over the early years of life. While sleep in the adult brain has been studied and modelled extensively, very little has been done in infants and children, mainly limited to descriptive studies of sleep behaviour. Methods We adapted an existing, physiologically based model of adult sleep to study infant and child sleep behaviour. We compared modelled sleep behaviour to published data on sleep characteristics over a range of ages, both cross sectional from 0 to 5 years and densely-sampled individual data in the first year of life. We performed Bayesian inference to estimate the likely physiological parameters underpinning population-level diversity in sleep characteristics as a function of age from 0 to 5 years. We also fitted the model to individual sleep architecture in the first year of life. Results The empirically observed decrease in total sleep duration and consolidation of sleep bouts with increasing age are well explained by decreases in the constant inhibitory input to the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus and increases in the characteristic somnogen clearance time during sleep. Further, our model produced realistic sleep-wake dynamics consistent with early maturation of sleep in the heavily sampled, single infant data. Discussion Our results show that a greater understanding of the neurophysiology of sleep in infants and children can be achieved through the use of physiologically based models.

scholarly journals Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma associated with Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 050-052
Author(s):  
Ballona Rosalia ◽  
Zevallos Jean ◽  
Núñez Jeanette
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Vascular Tumor ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Coagulation Disorder ◽  
Tufted Angioma ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Congenital Hemangioma ◽  
Rapidly Involuting Congenital Hemangioma

Background: Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) is a rare vascular tumor that is present at birth and involutes during the first year of life. Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KMS) is a complication of some vascular tumors such as kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and tufted angioma associated with thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy. Results: The case of a 2-month-old infant with a diagnosis of RICH with thrombocytopenia and coagulation disorder, successfully treated with surgical excision without complications or recurrence is presented. Conclusion: The association between RICH and KMS is rare. Histopathological study, immunohistochemistry and ultrasound findings are important for the diagnosis. Brief summary: This report covers the rare association between rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma and Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in a 2-months-old female infant.

scholarly journals Age dynamics of the stomach and intestines’ anatomical parameters of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Lavrova ◽  
M. M. Kushch ◽  
I. A. Fesenko ◽  
L. M. Lyahovych ◽  
O. V. Byrka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
First Year ◽  
Adult Bird ◽  
Melopsittacus Undulatus ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
First Year Of Life

The object of research was the morphofunctional organization of the stomach and intestinal of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) in the postnatal period of ontogenesis. The aim of the work was to determine the age topography and anatomical structure characteristics of the stomach and intestines from the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus). The material for morphological studies was selected from budgerigars of 9 groups: 1-, 3-, 7-, 14-, 21-day-old, 1-, 2-, 6-month-old and 1-year-old (n = 5). The absolute bodyweight of parrots and their organs was determined using a ВЛКТ-500 balance and a «Techniprot Waga Torsyjna-WT 500» torsion balance. Linear indicators of organs were determined using a ruler (GOST 17485-72) and a calliper (GOST 166-89). According to the research results, it was found that the increase in body weight of parrots during the first year of life was uneven. In the first month, it was increased by 15.3 times, in the second month – by 1.1 times. During the first month, it was increased most intensively in the first week. Parrots reached the mass of an adult bird at the age of 2 months. During the first year of life, the greatest body weight was established at the age of 6 months, and the greatest absolute weight, linear indicators of the glandular and muscular parts of the stomach, as well as the intestines – at the age of 21 days. The glandular stomach of the budgerigar reached the highest relative weight indicators at the age of 3 days, and the muscular part of the stomach and intestines – at the age of 7 days. The length of the intestine increased most intensively in the first week of life. During the first year of life, the relative length of the budgerigars small intestine gradually decreased. The greatest indicators of the duodenal absolute length were established at the age of 60 days, lean – 60 days, ileum – 21 days. The greatest indicators of the duodenal relative length were established at the age of 30 days, jejunum – 7 days, ileum – 14 and 21 days. High linear indices, as well as indices of the stomach and intestines mass of budgerigars, indicated their key importance in providing the body with nutrients and biologically active substances during intensive growth.

scholarly journals Functional Features of Platelet Secretion in Piglets During Early Ontogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Tkacheva ◽  
S. Y. U. Zavalishina
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Ontogenesis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Primary Hemostasis ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Platelet Secretion

Physiologically, the secretion is considered to be a very important element of the platelet hemostasis system. Its functional state seriously determines the activity of primary hemostasis and microcirculation parameters in the capillaries, and, consequently, the course of metabolic processes throughout the body. It is known that the success of the entire hemostasis, as well as the activity of the processes in the development of the vessels of the body of productive animals, depends on the level of secretory activity of platelets. Of particular physiological significance are its features during early ontogenesis, when the body grows, matures and reaches its optimum productive qualities. For this reason, additional study of the secretory potential of platelets during the first year of life is of great importance for the physiology of the blood of piglets. These studies can help in finding approaches to the continuation of further intensification of pig production. In the work carried out, it was found that the ability of platelets to secrete increases in piglets during early ontogenesis. The main mechanism of this process should be considered as an increase in platelets of basal amount and self-assembly of actin and myosin. These changes are amplified at the physiological level in piglets due to the increase in the content of adenosine phosphate in platelet granules and the severity of its secretion under the influence of aggregation inducers. The increased activity of platelet secretion in piglets during the first year of life contributes to maintaining their microcirculation processes in the tissues at the level of their body's needs for nutrients and oxygen.

scholarly journals Complete Surgical Excision with Keeping Drain Tube in Situ for 2 to 3 Weeks in the Treatment of Cystic Hygroma: A study of 5 years

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swapan Kumar Paul ◽  
Suprotim Howlader ◽  
Diponker Kumar Saha ◽  
Abdur Rahed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Cystic Hygroma ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Drain Tube ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision

Lymphangiomas are benign hamartomatous lymphatic tumours characterized by multiple communicating lymphatic channels and cystic spaces. Cystic lyphangiomas may be seen anywhere in the body but are common in neck, axilla, mediastinum and groin. Treatment options are surgical resection, radiation, sclerotherapy etc but have got high recurrence rate and complications. In the present study we hypothesized that complete surgical resection along with keeping a drain for 2-3 wks, may reduce recurrence rate. This prospective study was performed from July 2008 to June 2013. Total 21 children treated during this period by the technique of complete surgical excision with keeping drain tube in situ for 2 to 3 weeks. Ultrasound performed in all patients, CT scan and Duplex study performed in some patients, histopathology done in all patients. Patients with intra-abdominal lymphangioma not included in this study. Twenty one patients were operated during the study period and average duration of keeping drain tube was 18.57 days. Among the 21 cases 2 (9.52%) patients developed mild infection, 1 (4.76%) patient developed infection with pus formation and 1 (4.76%) patient developed recurrence. Our success in the treatment warrants further verification of potential benefits of keeping drain tube in situ for 2-3 weeks after surgical excision of lymphangiomas.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2015;10(1): 26-28

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