The World Bank's New Policy on the Environmental Aspects of Dam and Reservoir Projects

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Goodland
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Port Greening: Discrete Choice Analysis Investigation on Environmental Parameters Affecting Container Shipping Companies’ Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7010
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Franchi ◽  
Thierry Vanelslander
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Discrete Choice Analysis ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Ecological Performance ◽  
Port Operations ◽  
Choice Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Green Port

For centuries, ports have functioned as an economic engine, facilitating maritime transport, offering prosperity and social development to the host communities. Ports are gateways for international trade playing a vital role in the world economy, but it is not excluded that port operations can also have adverse effects on the environment. Air and water emissions, marine sediments, noise, waste generation, loss and degradation of terrestrial habitats and changes to marine ecosystems are just some of the leading environmental challenges with port’s operations. Environmental management within port operations has been a rapidly growing trend, with many ports around the world adopting different types of approaches and initiatives to improve ecological performance. Despite that many ports around the world have implemented greening strategies for growth and sustainable development, there are still many other ports that work less than they should do on environmental aspects and on the generation of ‘green ports’. These latter have fallen behind in the development of the theme. Therefore, the work reported here aims at analyzing what the best way to act should be, even starting from the beginning for a port that is not very innovative, in order to pursue the practical and theoretical levels of ‘green port’.

Envisaged transfer projects: New technologies in the water sustainability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseer Ahmed Abbasi ◽  
Xiangzhou Xu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
The World

<p><strong>Abstracts:</strong> Influenced by global climate change, water shortages and other extreme weather, water scarcity in the world is an alarming sign. This article provides evidences regarding the Tunnel and Tianhe project’s feasibility and their technical, financial, political, socioeconomic and environmental aspects. Such as how to utilize the water vapour in the air and to build a 1000 km long tunnel project to fulfill the goal of solving water shortage in China. The projects are promising to solve the problem of water, food and drought in the country. In addition, the telecoupling framework helps to effectively understand and manage ecosystem services, as well as the different challenges associated with them. Such efforts can help find the ways for proper utilization of water resources and means of regulation.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Sustainability; water shortage; transfer project</p>

scholarly journals The True Cost of Sugar: Economic trade-offs in conventional, organic and Fairtrade sugarcane and sugar beet production.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris den Boer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The World ◽  
Single Production ◽  
Economic Criteria

Sugar is an important economic commodity that is produced and consumed around the world. The impacts of different production methods differ on social, economic and environmental aspects. This research focuses on the economic trade- offs in conventional, organic and Fairtrade sugarcane production in India and sugar beet production in the Netherlands. Previous research provides insights into single production methods, but a complete comparison between different production methods is currently lacking. Data was collected using both literature research and interviews in the Netherlands and India. After developing a Multi-Criteria Analysis, it is concluded that organic sugarcane and Fairtrade sugarcane rank slightly higher than conventional sugarcane on the economic criteria. However, conventional sugar beet and organic sugar beet rank higher on all economic aspects, with conventional sugar beet ranking the highest. The main differences between the production methods can be seen in the innovation, and to a lesser extent the in the production.

scholarly journals The river basins of Pirapó, Paranapanema 3 and Paranapanema 4: socioeconomic and environmental aspects

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4 suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
A. M. G. Godoy ◽  
M. L. L. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Legal Environment ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
The World

Scarcity of water in the world, virtually, has two sources: the quality and the quantity made available for populations. In the area covered by this study, the selected municipalities from the river basins 3 e 4 of the Paranapanema River and from the basin of the Pirapó River, availability is always greater than the demand and the environmental problems are more often linked to the quality than to the quantity of water. To check the socioeconomic aspects and the daily practices involving water resources and environmental problems we selected a representative sample of families from 10 studied municipalities. The main conclusions point to the existence of key municipalities, regarded as foci of pollution, i. e., the municipalities do not contribute in equal measure to the pollution of rivers from their regions and some stand out in economic activities and inherited cultural practices. However, respondents did not always relate the environmental impacts with their routine and productive activities. Thus, although the new legal environment imposes new practices, there are still cultural heritages, which require more incisive and continuous public interventions.

scholarly journals Aquaculture in Brazil and worldwide: overview and perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 098-107
Author(s):  
Eduardo Soares Calixto ◽  
Danilo Ferreira Borges Santos ◽  
Denise Lange ◽  
Melina Santos Galdiano ◽  
Inayat Ur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
World Population ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultivation Process ◽  
Productive Method

Aquaculture is the cultivation of aquatic organisms through a controlled cultivation process. Currently, half the fish consumed by the world population is produced by aquaculture activity. This review, and informed data, trends, and the general panorama of aquaculture in Brazil and worldwide, as well as the scenario of the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production, in order to provide specific directions for future investments and researches. Globally, fish aquaculture productivity is approximately 110 million tons in 2016, with China being the country with the highest productivity (49 million tons). Brazil occupies the 13th place with about 700 thousand tons of aquaculture fish, where tilapia is one of the most cultivated. Furthermore, the ration production for aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing sectors in the country (930 thousand tons of ration represents 1.33% concerning the total feed produced to cultivation of the animals – data of 2016), with emphasis on the biofloc system, which represents a productive method with better cost-benefit and low environmental impact. In general, aquaculture trends are the real progress of this activity, but so that social, economic, and environmental aspects are interconnected and progressing concomitantly.

scholarly journals Environmental and socioeconomic assessment of textile products consumption in Brazil - relationships with international trade

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Alessandra Giacomin ◽  
Sergio Almeida Pacca
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Textile Products

Textile products drive a significant portion of the world economy, providing jobs, and being present in every aspect of our lives in all countries around the world. However, in its production, issues related to environmental and social pressures emerge. Taking into consideration the growing concern related to environmental and social impacts, it is necessary to address the issue of emissions generated indirectly by the sectors that supply the textile industry. This work has carried out an environmental and socioeconomic assessment of the consumption of textile products in Brazil, considering the relationship with international trade. The methodology used was the Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) analysis, and the database used was Exiobase 3, for the year 2011. It was possible to conclude that most of the indirect impacts related to the textile industry are domestically generated. In the category of climate change and primary energy consumption, the sector that stood out was natural gas, with 51% of CO2 emissions and 33% of energy consumption. The largest share of indirect jobs is generated in the commercial sector with 34%, and the largest number of indirect employees are male with medium skill level, which represents 33%, followed by workers from the vulnerable class (self-employed) with 27%. Based on this analysis, it was possible to identify the greatest limitations related to socio-environmental aspects and the possible solutions to be adopted for this sector.

Environmental aspects of the use of lubricating oils and alternative energy sources on the way to improve transport sector of the world economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
V.A. Zolotov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The World

The article presents some features of new technologies in the field of improving transport and its inherent environmental aspects of the use of lubricating oils and alternative energy sources in modern conditions of development of the global economy. Transport enjoys a predominant share in the consumption of lubricants in the world market and in fact about 57 % of the world production volume is used in this sector of the economy. In accordance with global trends, the design development of traditional reciprocating internal combustion engines is carried out in conjunction with the development and implementation of environmental requirements for them in the largest economies in the world - European Union standards (Euro-7), India (Bharat Stage VI - the equivalent of Euro-6 standard) and China (China 6 is a more stringent version of the Euro-6 standard), aimed at reducing exhaust emissions. Actual additions to the SAE J300 classification include relatively low kinematic viscosity of oils, which allows engine manufacturers to meet the requirements of environmental standards that regulate emission of particles with exhaust gases and fuel economy - reducing fuel consumption. The advent of electric vehicles is having an increasing impact on transport and energy infrastructure. This long-term trend will also affect the manufacturing sector, where demand for traditional lubricants is expected to decline. The transport market today is making progress towards reducing carbon dioxide emissions and increasing fuel economy. Despite this, further investments by the automotive industry in improving the design of piston engines around the world are declining, and the supply of new engines for car manufacturers after 2021 is predictably reduced.

scholarly journals Recent Trends in the World Gas Market: Economical, Geopolitical and Environmental Aspects

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Toscano ◽  
Filiberto Bilotti ◽  
Francesco Asdrubali ◽  
Claudia Guattari ◽  
Luca Evangelisti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Gas Market

scholarly journals Opuntia ficus-indica as an Ingredient in New Functional Pasta: Consumer Preferences in Italy

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Nadia Palmieri ◽  
Alessandro Suardi ◽  
Walter Stefanoni ◽  
Luigi Pari
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Web Based ◽  
A Value ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Italian Sample

Opuntia ficus-indica is a source of minerals and vitamins and has recently been used as ingredient to make a new functional variety of pasta. Italy was the first country in the world to produce pasta and is also the second largest producer of Opuntia in the world. According to an Italian sample, this study considers the main factors that could influence consumers when choosing functional pasta (featuring Opuntia) and characterizes distinct hypothetical consumer segments in terms of their food habits, pasta choices, and perceptions toward functional pasta featuring Opuntia. Data were collected using a web-based survey and with 328 respondents. Factor analysis (FA) with orthogonal rotation (varimax) was used to simplify the observed variables and hierarchical cluster analysis was performed with the FA results. Seven clusters were identified and the main results show that the level of education plays an important role in the perception of functional pasta. In fact, the perceptions of well-educated people differed from poorly-educated people. Moreover, the results showed significant respondent interest regarding health benefits and the nutritional and environmental aspects of functional pasta, which should encourage people’s acceptance and consumption of this new functional food. In addition, the respondent preferences reflect a value of experience towards the pasta, i.e., the belief of cooking typical Italian pasta. This means that Opuntia used for the production of functional pasta should maintain the organoleptic and physical properties of durum wheat-based pasta. In addition, respondent preferences for pasta featuring Opuntia could also be driven by its price.

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