Gender Ideologies, Relative Resources, and the Division of Housework in Intimate Relationships: A Test of Hyman Rodman's Theory of Resources in Cultural Context

2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Diefenbach
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Relative Resources

More Money, Less Housework? Relative Resources and Housework in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (18) ◽  
pp. 2823-2848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Hamplová ◽  
Jana Klímová Chaloupková ◽  
Renáta Topinková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Relative Earning ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relative Resources

The article explores the association between housework, earnings, and education. In contrast to the majority of existing studies from Western countries, this article tests the bargaining theory in the Czech Republic. Given the high female labor force participation coupled with a tendency for women to drop out of the labor market for several years after childbirth, the country provides an interesting context to test the theory. Using data from the first wave of the Czech Household Panel, we apply multilevel mixed-effect regressions and analyze the index expressing the relative division of housework between the male and female partners. We demonstrate that in this institutional context, economic factors such as the woman’s education and her absolute or relative earning have little explanatory power for the way housework is shared. Furthermore, we show that the man’s education is a better predictor of the division of housework than the woman’s education.

What do we know about housework?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shannon N. Davis ◽  
Theodore N. Greenstein
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Scholarly Inquiry ◽  
Insight Into

Chapter 1 serves as the introduction to the book. While housework is a frequent object of scholarly inquiry, in part because of its ubiquitous appearance across household types, we argue that it can be used to understand more than simply who does what around the house. Housework provides insight into the power dynamics in intimate relationships. After explaining resource-based and social psychological/symbolic perspectives for understanding the division of housework, the chapter concludes with a detailed summary of the remainder of the book.

scholarly journals Gender role attitudes cannot explain how British couples responded to increased housework demands during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansgar Hudde ◽  
Karsten Hank ◽  
Marita Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Exogenous Shock ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
The Uk

Previous research has shown that gender role attitudes can predict changes in couples’ housework division over critical life events, but these studies might have suffered from endogeneity because the occurrence of such life events is anticipated and may be affected by gender role attitudes. In contrast, the COVID-19 pandemic was a truly exogenous shock that hit couples unexpectedly. This study examines the role of gender ideologies in how couples adjusted their division of housework during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 compared to a pre-pandemic baseline observation. The data cover 3,219 couples from the UK Household Longitudinal Study, with a baseline wave and four COVID-19 panel waves between April and September 2020. We found no evidence that individuals’ or couples’ pre-crisis gender role attitudes affected changes in men's and women's absolute or relative contributions to housework at any time during the lockdown. However, both partners spent substantially more time on housework throughout the COVID-19 crisis than before, especially in the early stages, and in relative terms, the pandemic seems to have contributed to at least a temporary, modest increase in gender equality in housework. We discuss our results against the background of previous research whose results may have suffered from endogeneity problems and argue that the COVID-19 ‘shock’ was likely perceived as a merely temporary disruption of couples' established housework arrangements.

scholarly journals De-gender them! Gendered vs cooperative division of housework – cross-cultural comparison of Polish and Norwegian students

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2276-2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka ◽  
Paweł Jurek ◽  
Tomasz Besta ◽  
Lubomiła Korzeniewska ◽  
Beate Seibt
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Household Tasks ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Domestic work has gendered meaning and content of both masculinity and femininity is strongly embedded in the cultural context. In our article, across three studies we analyse the perception of household duties and their division between partners in two countries differing with regard to gender equality levels: Norway and Poland. In our Study 1, Polish (N = 64, 40 women, Mage = 19.97) and Norwegian (N = 45, 27 women, Mage = 24.46) students rated the typicality of domestic duties for women and men in Poland and in Norway. Our results show that feminine-typed or masculine-typed household duties are perceived as less gendered in Norway than in Poland. In the second Study, using a sample consisting of students and internet users from Poland (N = 207, 92 women, Mage = 27.15) and Norway (N = 126, 85 women, Mage = 26.84 (SD = 10.87), we investigated whether there are Polish-Norwegian differences with regard to willingness to be more involved in household obligations. Overall, Norwegian men and women were more willing to perform household tasks. This result also found confirmation in results obtained with larger representative samples in Study 3. Using European Social Survey records of 889 Poles (429 women, Mage = 47.02) and 990 Norwegians (452 women, Mage = 49.38) we compared data concerning men’s and women’s perception of their and their partners’ contribution to housework. Our results show that cultural context can relate to the perception of household duties that are perceived more gender-neutral in Norway than in Poland.

Femicide and Femicide-Suicide in Israel: The Role of Immigration and the Cultural Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-362
Author(s):  
Revital Sela-Shayovitz
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Practical Implications

Homicide-suicide is a violent crime primarily committed within intimate relationships. Although increasing attention is being paid to femicide-suicide, there is limited comparative evidence about this crime. This article examines the differences and similarities in offender and victim characteristics between two types of femicide, femicide-suicide and femicide, among various social groups in Israel. The sample comprised all incidents of femicide and femicide-suicide (145) between 2005 and 2015. The analysis indicates that immigration plays a key role in both femicide and femicide-suicide. Femicide-suicide rates were significantly higher among immigrants than among Israeli-native Jews and Arabs. A significant relationship was found between femicide type and the method used to commit the crime: the likelihood that a firearm was used in femicide-suicide cases was 11.08 times higher than in femicide cases. The discussion focuses on the theoretical and practical implications of these findings and suggests prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Gender Ideologies in English and Slovene: A Contrastive View

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
Katja Plemenitaš
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Linguistic Expression ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Cultural Ideologies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Sexist Language ◽  
Gender Neutrality

The article deals with the concept of linguistic sexism in the cross-cultural context. It compares the generally accepted guidelines for avoiding linguistic sexism in English and Slovene, exemplified by two guides on non-sexist use of English. It is argued that in English non-sexist language strives for gender neutrality, whereas in Slovene it strives for gender specificity. The reasons for the differences between the perceptions of sexism in English and Slovene are examined by taking into account the linguistic expression of gender and the cultural and historical context in which both languages have developed. The use of semantic gender in English, as opposed to the use of grammatical gender in Slovene, is treated as one of the factors influencing the approach to the non-sexist use of language in both languages. Strategies for non-sexist expression and their rebuttals are discussed in the context of predominant cultural ideologies about gender and presuppositions regarding the link between social change and linguistic reform.

scholarly journals The virus changed everything, didn’t it? Couples’ division of housework and childcare before and during the Corona crisis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Hank ◽  
Anja Steinbach
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Role Reversal ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Release Data ◽  
Equal Split ◽  
Gender Convergence

Objective: To contribute to the discussion about the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender (in)equality. Background: We focus on a core aspect of gender (in)equality in intimate relationships, namely couples’ division of housework and childcare, and whether this has changed during the Corona crisis. Method: Our descriptive analysis is based on pre-release data from the German Family Panel (pairfam; Wave 12) and its supplementary Corona web-survey (n=3,108). Results: We observe no fundamental changes in established aggregate-level patterns of couples’ division of labor, but some shift towards the extremes ('traditional' and 'role reversal') of the distribution. Regarding changes within couples, there is an almost equal split between those in which the female partner’s share in housework and childcare increased and those in which it decreased. Particularly in previously more egalitarian arrangements, a substantial proportion of women is now more likely to be primarily responsible for everything. If male partners increased their relative contribution to housework and childcare, they rarely moved beyond the threshold of an equal split. Changes in employment hours were associated with adaptations of men's, but not women's, relative contribution to domestic and family responsibilities. Conclusion: Our findings neither support the notion of a 'patriarchal pandemic', nor do they indicate that the Corona crisis might have fostered macro-level trends of gender convergence. We rather observe heterogeneous responses of couples to the 'Corona shock'.

The changing picture of the housework gender gap in contemporary Chinese adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-339
Author(s):  
Meng Sha Luo ◽  
Ernest Wing Tak Chui
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Time Availability ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relative Resources

Prior research has shown that time availability, relative resources, and gender perspective have great effects on couples’ division of housework, yet less attention has been paid to how the magnitude of these influences varies by cohort. By embedding the three dominant micro-level perspectives on housework in a macro-level context (i.e. cohort-level), this study examines each of the three perspectives’ explanatory powers for explaining the housework behaviors of two post-1976 cohorts: the early- and late-reform marriage cohorts. Regression results and Relative Importance analyses examining the three perspectives on housework show dissimilar effects for the two cohorts: the relative resources and gender perspectives better predict the housework gender gap in early-reform couples, while the time availability perspective better predicts the housework gender gap in late-reform couples. Specifically, the three most important predictors of the housework gender gap for the early-reform cohort are wife’s weekly paid work hours, wife’s proportion of couple’s income, and wife or her parents owning the house, while for the younger, late-reform cohort, the three most important predictors are wife’s employment, wife’s weekly paid work hours, and number of co-living children, suggesting that the relative resources perspective is weakened for the late-reform cohort. In addition, both the Relative Importance analyses and the Seemingly Unrelated Regression estimations reveal that although early-reform couples are likely to ‘do gender’ as a performance, this diminishes for late-reform Chinese couples. These changes indicate an uneven process regarding gender equality and the need to take cohort into account when testing the micro-level theoretical perspectives on the housework gap.

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