Business views of the quality of tax, environment and employment regulation and institutions: the Slovenian case

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Klun ◽  
Renata Slabe-Erker
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
Political Priority

Eliminating administrative burdens or ‘cutting red tape’ is becoming a political priority in most developed countries. The main problem faced by business and individuals is that, over the past two decades, the regulations they deal with have become more complex, and the related procedures place a financial burden on both business and individuals. This article presents the results of the first comprehensive quality assessment of public institutions and regulations in the fields of tax, environment and employment in Slovenia. Business managers assessed the quality of institutions and regulations in all three areas and their impact on their operations. The research indicates that Slovenian businesses gave the lowest score to environment protection institutions, with environmental protection regulations also scoring poorly. The scores were also low compared to most OECD countries. Points for practitioners The transition process in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in Slovenia, is coming to an end. In spite of several efforts to adapt regulations and competent institutions to the higher EU standards, they still remain rigid. In this article, the results of the lastest survey of administrative quality of regulations and institutions in Slovenia with international comparison are presented. As for instructions for improvements in practice, they should above all focus on simplifying the regulations and making them more transparent.

PREVALENCE OF PREGNANCY AND ABORTION RATES AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN ALMATY

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
А.Б. Мукашева ◽  
М.Ш. Шарипова ◽  
Д.Н. Маханбеткулова ◽  
А.Б. Смажан
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Republican Center

Актуальность. Беременность и аборты, которые отрицательно сказываются на репродуктивном здоровье и качестве жизни подростков, могут стать серьезной проблемой для репродуктивного потенциала следующего поколения. По мнению многих отечественных исследователей, аборт и ранняя беременность неблагоприятны для девочек-подростков, так как могут не только привести к потенциальным осложнениям для здоровья, но и вызвать серьезные психологические проблемы. Цель исследования. Определить частоту распространенности показателей подростковой беременности и абортов за 2016-2020 гг. по г. Алматы Результаты и обсуждение. По данным Республиканского центра электронного здравоохранения в Алматы, была проведена оценка распространенности беременности и абортов среди подростков за последние пять лет (2016-2020 гг.). Выводы. Анализ показателей беременности и абортов среди девочек-подростков 15-17 лет в Алматы за период 2016-2020 годов показал, что они имеют умеренную тенденцию к снижению. Хотя показатель беременностей в 2020 году составляет 5,8, он выше, чем в развитых странах, таких как Япония и Южная Корея. Pregnancy and abortion, which negatively affect the reproductive health and quality of life of adolescents, can be a serious problem for the reproductive potential of the next generation. According to many domestic researchers, abortion and early pregnancy are unfavorable for adolescent girls, as they can not only lead to potential health complications, but also cause serious psychological problems. Purpose of the study. To determine the frequency of prevalence rates of teenage pregnancy and abortion for 2016-2020. in Almaty Results and discussion. According to the Republican Center for eHealth in Almaty, an assessment was made of the prevalence of pregnancy and abortion among adolescents over the past five years (2016-2020). Findings. Analysis of pregnancy and abortion rates among adolescent girls aged 15-17 years in Almaty for the period 2016-2020 showed that they have a moderate downward trend. Although the pregnancy rate in 2020 is 5.8, it is higher than in developed countries such as Japan and South Korea.

scholarly journals Publication Trends on Mitophagy in the World and China: A 16-Year Bibliometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingli Chen ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Yifan Jia ◽  
Zhongyuan Xia ◽  
Jishi Ye
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Publication Trends ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

In the past 16 years, research on mitophagy has increasingly expanded to a wider range of subjects. Therefore, comprehensively analyzing the relevant progress and development trends on mitophagy research requires specific methods. To assess the hotspots, directions, and quality of results in this field worldwide, we used multiple tools to examine research progress and growing trends in research on the matter during the last 16 years (from 2005 to 2020). We also compared the quantity and quality of the literature records on mitophagy published by research institutions in China and other developed countries, reviewed China’s contribution, and examined the gap between China and these developed countries. According to the results of our bibliometric analysis, the United States and its research institutes published the most papers. We identified cell biology as the most commonly researched subject on mitophagy and AUTOPHAGY as the most popular journal for research on mitophagy. We also listed the most cited documents from around the world and China. With gradually increased funding, China is progressively becoming prominent in the field of mitophagy; nevertheless, the gap between her and major countries in the world must be closed.

scholarly journals Trust, honesty and corruption: reflection on the state-building process

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN ROSE-ACKERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Mutual Interaction ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Honesty and trust affect the functioning of the state and the market, and, conversely, the quality of formal rules and institutions has an impact on interpersonal trust. This paper organizes and critiques research on the relationship between trust and government; it stresses the mutual interaction between trust and democracy and the impact of corruption. Given this context, the concluding section discusses the transition process in post-socialist countries, highlighting the tensions between interpersonal trust and trust in public institutions.

Drug-related problems in the elderly

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (49) ◽  
pp. 1926-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bor ◽  
Mária Matuz ◽  
Péter Doró ◽  
Réka Viola ◽  
Gyöngyvér Soós
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Beers Criteria ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Inappropriate Drugs

The aging population in developed countries is a growing problem nowadays. The burden on healthcare is particularly high, since the prevalence of the diseases, especially chronic diseases increases with age. Prevalence of polypharmacy is common among elderly patients. While comorbidities require usage of several active agents with evidence based indication, polypharmacy increases the likelihood of interactions and adverse drug reactions, reduces patient compliance, affects quality of life and puts a significant financial burden on the patient and society. In order to reduce drug-related problems among the elderly, different lists of potentially inappropriate drugs and doses were created. One of the earliest known lists is the “Beers criteria”. The use of listed drugs is risky and not recommended for elderly patients. Following foreign examples, a list was compiled and adapted to the Hungarian drug spectrum based on the main concerns and alternative therapeutic suggestions. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1926–1936.

scholarly journals The transition process of spina bifida patients to adult-centred care: An assessment of the Canadian urology landscape

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2S) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Wajchendler ◽  
Peter Anderson ◽  
Martin A. Koyle
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Transition Readiness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ongoing Care ◽  
Medical Advances

Introduction: Due to medical advances over the past three decades, the vast majority of children with spina bifida (SB) now survive into adulthood. As a result, there is a need to implement a well-defined urological transition process for these patients from the pediatric to adult environment. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze the current medical practices employed and the attitudes regarding transition by Canadian pediatric urologists caring for the SB population.Methods: A survey consisting of 14 questions pertaining to physician demographics, current practice, and attitudes towards the transition process of SB patients was distributed at the 2015 annual Pediatric Urologists of Canada (PUC) conference. The survey respondents remained anonymous, and the data were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 28 surveys were collected from urologists across Canada (25 full-time pediatric, three also providing adult care), representing a >75% response rate. The transition process wassuggested to begin at the age of 18 or older by 43% (12/28) of pediatric urologists. The majority, 86% (24/28), do not currently use a questionnaire or a checklist to determine transition readiness of patients. Forty-six percent (13/28) of pediatric urologists do not provide ongoing urological care to their patients after referral has been made to adult-centred care. In the province of Ontario, in which 39% (11/28) of the pediatric urologists practice, 82% (9/11) are full-time pediatric urologists and 78% (7/9) do not provide ongoing care to SB patients after the age of 18.Conclusions: A significant minority of Canadian pediatric urologists perceive that the transition process should begin at the age of 18 or older. As such, it can be inferred that transfer of care and transitionare synonymous, not independent. Simplistically, this suggests that transition represents an event rather than a longitudinal process. The fact there is no defined ongoing urological care as a component of this process, suggests the potential for substandard quality of care after these patients graduate to the adult sector. Different provincial healthcare systems and funding plans may further hinder this transition of care by denying provider continuity based on reimbursement plans.

scholarly journals Older people’s challenges and expectations of healthcare in Ghana: A qualitative study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245451
Author(s):  
Confidence Alorse Atakro ◽  
Abigail Atakro ◽  
Janet Sintim Aboagye ◽  
Alice Aluwah Blay ◽  
Stella Boatemaa Addo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Inadequate Information

Background The increase in the number of elderly persons in developing countries has not had a corresponding increase in social and health care support systems for the elderly. There is a substantial difference in the quality of healthcare received by older people in developing and developed countries. Elderly persons in developing countries including Ghana are increasingly becoming marginalised and isolated. There is, however, limited evidence of healthcare challenges and expectations by elderly persons in Ghana. This study explored healthcare challenges and expectations of elderly persons to inform policy that could lead to improved quality of life for elderly persons in Ghana. Materials and methods Qualitative exploratory descriptive study design was used in conducting this study. Semi-structured interviews were used in collecting data from 30 participants from three regions in Ghana (10 from each region). Data analysis was carried out through content analysis. Results Four themes were extracted from data. These themes were: 1. Inadequate information from health workers regarding care of the older person. 2. Queuing frustrations. 3. Financial burden. 4. Focused elderly care demand. Conclusion The elderly in Ghana experience challenges of healthcare which include inadequate information, queuing frustrations and financial burdens. Elderly persons also have expectations of healthcare which include having dedicated professionals and units that will attend to them during their hospital visits. Academic and clinical gerontology experts could collaborate and help improve gerontology knowledge of health workers through workshops and conferences. Improving knowledge of health workers in gerontology may be a positive step towards meeting healthcare expectations of older Ghanaians.

Social development versus economic growth: current contradictions and perspectives of convergence

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksei V. Bogoviz ◽  
Svetlana V. Lobova ◽  
Alexander N. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of the research is to determine the current contradictions and perspectives of convergence of social development and economic growth for the purpose of formation of the scientific and methodological basis of targeted and efficient state regulation of these processes, which would allow for their harmonization and systemic acceleration.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use correlation analysis for calculating the correlation of the rate of economic growth (according to the forecast of the IMF) and the indicators of qualify of life, calculated by Numbeo, and the index of economy digitization, calculated by the IMD. The research is performed based on the 2020 data. On the basis of the established dependencies, the authors use the method of hierarchy analytics of T.L. Saaty for determining the contribution of social development into economic growth.FindingsThe authors substantiate the existence of close interconnection between social development and economic growth and determine substantial differences in this interconnection in developed countries (correlation – 52%), where only purchasing power of population and society's digitization contribute into acceleration of economic growth, and in developing countries (correlation – 48%), where quality of life, environment protection, living standards and society's development level contribute to acceleration of economic growth.Originality/valueIt is proved that in the course of the increase of the level of social development, it contradicts economic growth – due to which the possibilities of state regulation of the interconnection of these processes are limited. The authors develop a conceptual model of convergence of these processes through the prism of phases of the economic cycle. The compiled model reflects the authors' recommendations at each phase of the economic cycle, due to which state regulation of socioeconomic development will become targeted and efficient.

scholarly journals The Quest for a Better World

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Henry Petroski
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Made In

This article highlights the pervasiveness of the products and processes of engineering in having improved the quality of life in the developed countries of the world. The airplane and its associated infrastructure of airports and ticketing schemes have come a long way since the Wright Brothers’ first flight in 1903, and the ensemble that goes under the rubric ‘airplane’ certainly warrants recognition as achievement. All the engineering achievements that have been identified as among the greatest of the past century leave room for improvement. Air conditioning and refrigeration are among the more domestic achievements of 20th century engineering, but at exactly what stage they became so is hard to say. Refrigerators especially came a long way in the second half of the century. Well-controlled air conditioning, for all the technological progress made in the field since air was fanned over a block of ice, seems to remain one of the great open problems of mechanical engineering. All achievements, engineering and otherwise, are relative to their time and circumstances.

Housing affordability in Russia and foreign countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-51
Author(s):  
Nadezhda B. Kosareva ◽  
Tatiana D. Polidi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Mortgage Loans ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Home Purchase

The article presents the analysis of the dynamics of housing affordability indicators in Russia over the past 10 years and in largest urban agglomerations during 2010—2016. It highlights the main factors that influenced the growth in housing affordability in this period. This paper compares Russian indicators with similar foreign indicators, taking into account the methodological differences. The authors show that there was a trend to increase housing affordability in Russia for the past period through home purchase using mortgage loans. In contrast to Russia, in the majority of developed countries more attention was paid to improving the quality of the urban environment in the same period, which led to a certain decrease in housing affordability.

scholarly journals КОМПАРАТИВНА АНАЛИЗА КОМПОНЕНТИ ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРБИЈЕ И СУСЕДНИХ ЗЕМАЉА

TEME ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Perović ◽  
Snežana Radukić
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Concept ◽  
Human Awareness

In last few decades the significance of sustainable development is recognized by many international and public institutions. Climate changes and more frequent environmental degradation have influenced human awareness that their life and business style can seriously affect the quality of the environment, and therefore the future of the whole humanity. Developed countries have recognized the importance of sustainable development concept, but on the other side, developing countries still lag behind regarding the implementation of the sustainable development concept in all segments of society. Serbia and its neighbors are still at the beginning of implementation of the sustainable development concept, but through specific indicators the implementation of the sustainable development strategy can be successfully measured.

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