Community participation for rural poverty alleviation: A case of the Iban community in Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwok Chin Hoe ◽  
Haris Abd Wahab ◽  
Siti Hajar Abu Bakar ◽  
M Rezaul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Implementation Level

This study aimed to uncover the influential factors of community participation in a rural poverty alleviation programme in Malaysia. A quantitative approach was used, and data were collected through a self-administered survey questionnaire from 260 respondents of the Iban community in Malaysia. The study considered 22 influential factors (18 as independent variables and 4 as dependent variables) to measure the level of community participation in decision-making, implementation, benefits sharing and evaluation. The study explored how these influential factors interacted with participation in a rural poverty alleviation programme. The results found a diversity of interacting factors within the forms of participation at the implementation level. The article contributes a dynamic and multi-dimensional understanding of how influential factors shape community participation processes. The findings are an important indicator to policy-makers and development practitioners.

scholarly journals Business Trust and Communication as Predictors of Business Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 1512-1522
Author(s):  
Stavros Kalogiannidis
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Business Communication ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Increased globalization and competition in most industries has greatly changed the execution of different duties and responsibilities most especially the flow of communication in businesses. This has further affected the level of trust in most businesses most especially among the employees and between the business and customers. The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect if business communication and business trust on business growth. Data was collected using an online survey questionnaire from 100 employees of Intrasoft International in Greece. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS and Pearson’s rank correlation coefficient was based on to establish the relationship between variables. The level top which the independent variables predict the dependent variables was established using regression analysis. The study established a positive relationship between business communication and business. A significant and positive relationship was also confirmed between business trust and business growth.

Acceptability of endoscopic procedures and patients' willingness to repeat them: a single-centre nursing study of influential factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Spagnuolo ◽  
Aida Bianco ◽  
Francesca Licata ◽  
Silvia Mazzea ◽  
Elena Manduci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Experienced Pain ◽  
Before And After

Background: Patient satisfaction and factors that influence it have become an important indicator of the quality of digestive endoscopy. Aims: This study aimed to define variables that make endoscopic procedures acceptable and those that predispose patients to repeat them under the same conditions. Methods: Consecutive outpatients undergoing endoscopic examinations completed questionnaires, administered by the nursing staff, before and after the procedure. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression models were designed to investigate independent variables associated with the following outcomes of interest. Findings: Most patients experienced pain and anxiety before and during the procedure, considered the procedure unacceptable and felt unwilling to repeat it. Conclusion: Symptoms strictly related to the patient, specifically anxiety and pain and type of sedation received, were the main factors related to satisfaction and willingness to repeat the procedure under the same conditions.

scholarly journals ONLINE TEACHING AND GRADING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC – ATTITUDES OF CROATIAN STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-411
Author(s):  
Maja Ružić-Baf ◽  
Sandra Kadum ◽  
Katarina Kvaranta
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Materials Processing ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Republic

Aim. Extraordinary circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to new ways of learning and teaching, with students and teachers facing many challenges. The aim of the research was to examine attitudes and to determine the impressions and experiences of respondents regarding online teaching as well as to investigate and evaluate learning goals with regard to the SARS-COV-2 virus pandemic. Methods. The research was conducted in the Republic of Croatia on a sample of 1533 university students. A survey questionnaire designed specifically for the purposes of this research was used.Consisted of three independent variables and ten dependent variables related to online teaching. Results. The data obtained show that in online teaching, the respondents mostly used programs such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams and Merlin, while the least of them used Skype. Regarding testing and assessment, i.e. the grading of success in online teaching, respondents stated that teachers had mostly used colloquia (20.6%) and written exams (19.8%) for grading, while live exams had been used the least. The largest number of research participants, 61.9% of them, expressed the opinion that the criteria and grading procedures were clear and published before individual teaching units Conclusion. Faculties should design different syllabuses for conducting online classes. Centres should be provided/established with the task of collecting digital teaching materials, processing, and storing them, and making them available to teachers and students.

scholarly journals Rural Poverty Alleviation in India: An Assessment of Public Programs

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
B.S. Ghuman ◽  
Gurpinder Chima
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
High Growth ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Public Programs ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Development Strategy

India adopted a centralized development strategy after independence. The development strategy focusing on high growth postulated that the benefits of such growth would percolate down and would mitigate problems of income inequality, unemployment and poverty. Empirical evidence of the 1950s and 1960s, however, did not lend support to this ‘trickle down’ hypothesis. As a consequence social justice (i.e. equity) was added as another principal concern to the development strategy. In the 1970’s, ‘Garibi Hatao’ (i.e. removal of poverty) was the buzzword among policy makers. With a view to solve the problems of unemployment and poverty, both the central and the state governments initiated a series of programs. The growing significance of poverty alleviation programs in planning evinced interest among scholars for poverty studies. The objective of the paper is to make an assessment of public programs for alleviating rural poverty. The paper is organized into five sections. In Section I, data and methodology used in the study have been explained. Public programs for rural poverty alleviation programs have been described in Section II. Section III deals with the extent of rural poverty across the states. In Section IV assessment of public programs for rural poverty has been made. Section V includes conclusions and policy recommendations.

A Donor Influenced by Local Dynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuko Matsuzawa
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Local Dynamics ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Research Interviews ◽  
National Model ◽  
Management Project ◽  
Development Discourses

This article explores the relations between a foreign aid donor and local actors in the context of the dissemination of development discourses and practices in an authoritarian context. It addresses the question “To what extent may the local dynamics alter the original goals of a donor and lead to unintended consequences?” Based on archival research, interviews, and secondary literature, this case study examines the Yunnan Uplands Management Project (YUM) in 1990–95, the Ford Foundation's first grant program on rural poverty alleviation in China. While the Foundation did not attain its main goal of making YUM a national model for poverty alleviation, the local actors were able to use YUM to develop individual capacities and to build roles for themselves as development actors in the form of associations and nongovernmental organizations, resulting in further support from the Foundation. The study contributes to our understanding of donor-local actor dynamics by highlighting the gaps between the original goals of a donor and the perspectives and motivations of local actors. The study suggests that local dynamics may influence the goals of donors and the ways they seek to disseminate development discourses and practices to local actors, despite the common conception of donors as hegemonic or culturally imperialistic.

ANALISA PENGARUH IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PT HUTAMA KARYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Wardhana, MM.
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Free Variable ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Correlational Approach ◽  
Survey Research Methods ◽  
The Relationship

This study entitled "Analysis of Effect of Climate Organization and Competence Againt Employee PT. Hutama Karya ". The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the relationship between the free variable that organizational climate (X1) and competence (X2) with the dependent variable is employee performance (Y), either partially or simultaneously, This study used survey research methods with the correlational approach and predictive, which aims for the relationship and influence between independent and dependent variables. The sampling technique can be done randomly (simple random sampling) of 852 employees, which is considered to resprentatif is 89 people. And to solve problems, to analyze and examine the relationship and influence between the independent variables on the dependent variable used models kausalistik through regression analysis with SPSS 14.0

Prioritizing Strategic Factors of Creative Tourism Industry in Iran by Analytic Network Process (ANP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-565
Author(s):  
Reza Kiani Mavi ◽  
Hamed Gheibdoust ◽  
Ahmad A. Khanfar
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Analytic Network Process ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Business Support ◽  
Network Process ◽  
Strategic Factors ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
Strategic Policies

Nowadays, it is obvious that creative tourism industry has become very essential for countries and societies; therefore, governments work on constituting policies in order to develop this industry. To be successful in improving creative tourism industry, governments should identify the influential factors and focus on ones that are more important rather than investing a bit on many different factors. Because of the interrelations among factors, this research is aiming to prioritize factors that influence strategic policies of creative tourism industry in Iran using analytic network process (ANP). Data were collected during the period of May 2017 to February 2018. Participants in this research are 13 tourism experts with more than 10 years' experience in the field. Results show that the most influential criterion is "business support" and the most influential subcriterion is "supporting midsize businesses." This study helps policy makers to improve creative tourism by emphasizing on those factors that have high priority from the viewpoint of strategic policy-making.

PENGARUH PERSONAL BACKGROUND, POLITICAL BACKGROUND DAN PENGEATAHUAN DEWAN TENTANG ANGGARAN TERHADAP PERAN DPRD DALAM PENGAWASAN KEUANGAN DAERAH

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesi Mutia Basri ◽  
Rosliana Rosliana
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Activity Dependent

This research aim to examine the influence of personal background, political background, and council budget knowledge towards the role of DPRD on region financial control. This research is motivated by the fact that individual background will effect to individual behavior on political activity. Dependent variables in this research are personal background, political background, and council budges knowledge towards the role of DPRD on region financial control Independent variables are the role of DPRD on region financial control in planning, implementing, and responsibility steps. The data in this research consist of primary data that taken from questionnaires distributed directly to respondents. The collected are from 34 Respondents that members of DPRD at Pekanbaru. Hypothesis of this research are examine by using Multivariate Analysis of Variances (MANOVA). The result of this research HI personal background political background and budget knowledge have significant influence toward the role of DPRD on region financial control in planning steps.H2 personal background, politico I background and budget knowledge have no significant influence toward the role of DPRD on region financial control in Implementing steps. H3 personal background political background and budget knowledge have no significant influence toward the role of DPRD on region financial control in Controlling steps.

scholarly journals Weight Feedback-Based Harmonic MDG-Ensemble Model for Prediction of Traffic Accident Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5072
Author(s):  
Byung-Kook Koo ◽  
Ji-Won Baek ◽  
Kyung-Yong Chung
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Weighted Voting ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Accident Severity ◽  
Harmonic Average ◽  
Bagging Method

Traffic accidents are emerging as a serious social problem in modern society but if the severity of an accident is quickly grasped, countermeasures can be organized efficiently. To solve this problem, the method proposed in this paper derives the MDG (Mean Decrease Gini) coefficient between variables to assess the severity of traffic accidents. Single models are designed to use coefficient, independent variables to determine and predict accident severity. The generated single models are fused using a weighted-voting-based bagging method ensemble to consider various characteristics and avoid overfitting. The variables used for predicting accidents are classified as dependent or independent and the variables that affect the severity of traffic accidents are predicted using the characteristics of causal relationships. Independent variables are classified as categorical and numerical variables. For this reason, a problem arises when the variation among dependent variables is imbalanced. Therefore, a harmonic average is applied to the weights to maintain the variables’ balance and determine the average rate of change. Through this, it is possible to establish objective criteria for determining the severity of traffic accidents, thereby improving reliability.

scholarly journals A Student’s Guide to the Classification and Operationalization of Variables in the Conceptualization and Design of a Clinical Study: Part 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chittaranjan Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Know How ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Students without prior research experience may not know how to conceptualize and design a study. This article explains how an understanding of the classification and operationalization of variables is the key to the process. Variables describe aspects of the sample that is under study; they are so called because they vary in value from subject to subject in the sample. Variables may be independent or dependent. Independent variables influence the value of other variables; dependent variables are influenced in value by other variables. A hypothesis states an expected relationship between variables. A significant relationship between an independent and dependent variable does not prove cause and effect; the relationship may partly or wholly be explained by one or more confounding variables. Variables need to be operationalized; that is, defined in a way that permits their accurate measurement. These and other concepts are explained with the help of clinically relevant examples.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document