Pathological Fire-Setting 1951–1991: A Review

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Barnett ◽  
M Spitzer
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
New Information ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Conventional Literature ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Fire Setting

The purpose of this article is to review the whole literature on pathological fire-setting and related fields since 1951 in order to present a state of the art picture of our contemporary knowledge about this phenomenon. Papers were initially selected by using a Medline search. From the articles obtained in this way the references had to be pursued, because many relevant papers and books in this research field of different scientific and practical disciplines are not listed in conventional literature services. Finally, only those contributions were selected which provided new information when published, by original research, theoretical interpretation or practical implications. The last forty years have brought a growing body of data and understanding — especially concerning pathogical fire-setting by children — etiology, and therapy, which often proves successful. The situation remains unclear for arson by psychologically disturbed adults and we still have a poor understanding of arson without apparent motive. There is a conflict of opinion as to whether adult fire-setters are suitable for therapy and therapeutic efforts dealing with psychologically disturbed adults are rare. With increasing knowledge about child fire-setting and its successful treatment, etiological and therapeutic models for adult fire-setting behaviour may be developed. Research into the latter area should focus on both biographical and social conditions of development from childhood on as well as biological measures. Both will be reviewed here.

Wspólnota semantyczno-leksykalna języków europejskich. O monografii: А.А. Кретов, О.М. Воевудская, И.А. Меркулова, В.Т. Титов, Единство Европы по данным лексики (Воронеж: Издательский дом ВГУ, 2016, ss. 413 [1])

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXIII) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wojan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Linguistic Typology ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Theoretical Linguistics ◽  
Research Concept ◽  
New Research

This article outlines the original research concept developed and applied by the Voronezh researchers, which brought both quantitative and qualitative results to the field of linguistic comparative research. Their monograph is devoted to the macrotypological unity of the lexical semantics of the languages in Europe. In addition, semantic stratification of Russian and Polish lexis has been analyzed. Their research concept is now known as the “lexical-semantic macrotypological school of Voronezh.” Representatives of this school have created a new research field in theoretical linguistics – a lexical-semantic language macrotypology as a branch of linguistic typology. The monograph has been widely discussed and reviewed in Russia.

Identification, Prediction and Data Analysis of Noncoding RNAs: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbasali Emamjomeh ◽  
Javad Zahiri ◽  
Mehrdad Asadian ◽  
Mehrdad Behmanesh ◽  
Barat A. Fakheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Structural Prediction ◽  
Computational Costs ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Laboratory Techniques ◽  
Fast Prediction

Background:Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) which play an important role in various cellular processes are important in medicine as well as in drug design strategies. Different studies have shown that ncRNAs are dis-regulated in cancer cells and play an important role in human tumorigenesis. Therefore, it is important to identify and predict such molecules by experimental and computational methods, respectively. However, to avoid expensive experimental methods, computational algorithms have been developed for accurately and fast prediction of ncRNAs.Objective:The aim of this review was to introduce the experimental and computational methods to identify and predict ncRNAs structure. Also, we explained the ncRNA’s roles in cellular processes and drugs design, briefly.Method:In this survey, we will introduce ncRNAs and their roles in biological and medicinal processes. Then, some important laboratory techniques will be studied to identify ncRNAs. Finally, the state-of-the-art models and algorithms will be introduced along with important tools and databases.Results:The results showed that the integration of experimental and computational approaches improves to identify ncRNAs. Moreover, the high accurate databases, algorithms and tools were compared to predict the ncRNAs.Conclusion:ncRNAs prediction is an exciting research field, but there are different difficulties. It requires accurate and reliable algorithms and tools. Also, it should be mentioned that computational costs of such algorithm including running time and usage memory are very important. Finally, some suggestions were presented to improve computational methods of ncRNAs gene and structural prediction.

scholarly journals Multi-hop assortativities for network classification

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Gutiérrez-Gómez ◽  
Jean-Charles Delvenne
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Medical Engineering ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Classification Task ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
Structural Patterns ◽  
Art Methods

Abstract Several social, medical, engineering and biological challenges rely on discovering the functionality of networks from their structure and node metadata, when it is available. For example, in chemoinformatics one might want to detect whether a molecule is toxic based on structure and atomic types, or discover the research field of a scientific collaboration network. Existing techniques rely on counting or measuring structural patterns that are known to show large variations from network to network, such as the number of triangles, or the assortativity of node metadata. We introduce the concept of multi-hop assortativity, that captures the similarity of the nodes situated at the extremities of a randomly selected path of a given length. We show that multi-hop assortativity unifies various existing concepts and offers a versatile family of ‘fingerprints’ to characterize networks. These fingerprints allow in turn to recover the functionalities of a network, with the help of the machine learning toolbox. Our method is evaluated empirically on established social and chemoinformatic network benchmarks. Results reveal that our assortativity based features are competitive providing highly accurate results often outperforming state of the art methods for the network classification task.

scholarly journals Examining Perceived and Projected Destination Image: A Social Media Content Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3354
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Shoulian Tang ◽  
Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Media Content Analysis ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Practical Implications

Destination image has been extensively studied in tourism and marketing, but the questions surrounding the discrepancy between the projected (perceptions from the National Tourism Organizations) and perceived destination image (perceptions from tourists) as well as how the discrepancy may influence sustainable experience remain unclear. Poor understanding of the discrepancy may cause tourist confusion and misuse of resources. The aim of this study is to empirically investigate if the perceived (by tourists) and projected (by NTOs) destination image are significantly different in both cognitive and affective aspects. Through a comprehensive social media content analysis of the NTO-generated and tourist-generated-contents (TGC), the current study identifies numerous gaps between the projected and perceived destination image, which offers some important theoretical and practical implications on destination management and marketing.

scholarly journals A secure and highly efficient first-order masking scheme for AES linear operations

Cybersecurity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingdian Ming ◽  
Yongbin Zhou ◽  
Huizhong Li ◽  
Qian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Provable Security ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
First Order ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Device Independence ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Provably Secure

AbstractDue to its provable security and remarkable device-independence, masking has been widely accepted as a noteworthy algorithmic-level countermeasure against side-channel attacks. However, relatively high cost of masking severely limits its applicability. Considering the high tackling complexity of non-linear operations, most masked AES implementations focus on the security and cost reduction of masked S-boxes. In this paper, we focus on linear operations, which seems to be underestimated, on the contrary. Specifically, we discover some security flaws and redundant processes in popular first-order masked AES linear operations, and pinpoint the underlying root causes. Then we propose a provably secure and highly efficient masking scheme for AES linear operations. In order to show its practical implications, we replace the linear operations of state-of-the-art first-order AES masking schemes with our proposal, while keeping their original non-linear operations unchanged. We implement four newly combined masking schemes on an Intel Core i7-4790 CPU, and the results show they are roughly 20% faster than those original ones. Then we select one masked implementation named RSMv2 due to its popularity, and investigate its security and efficiency on an AVR ATMega163 processor and four different FPGA devices. The results show that no exploitable first-order side-channel leakages are detected. Moreover, compared with original masked AES implementations, our combined approach is nearly 25% faster on the AVR processor, and at least 70% more efficient on four FPGA devices.

Two Orders of Magnitude Improvement in the Detection Limit of Droplet-Based Micro-Magnetofluidics with Planar Hall Effect Sensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Julian Schütt ◽  
Rico Illing ◽  
Oleksii Volkov ◽  
Tobias Kosub ◽  
Pablo Nicolás Granell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Research Field ◽  
High Throughput Analysis ◽  
Planar Hall Effect ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The detection, manipulation, and tracking of magnetic nanoparticles is of major importance in the fields of biology, biotechnology, and biomedical applications as labels as well as in drug delivery, (bio-)detection, and tissue engineering. In this regard, the trend goes towards improvements of existing state-of-the-art methodologies in the spirit of timesaving, high-throughput analysis at ultra-low volumes. Here, microfluidics offers vast advantages to address these requirements, as it deals with the control and manipulation of liquids in confined microchannels. This conjunction of microfluidics and magnetism, namely micro-magnetofluidics, is a dynamic research field, which requires novel sensor solutions to boost the detection limit of tiny quantities of magnetized objects. We present a sensing strategy relying on planar Hall effect (PHE) sensors in droplet-based micro-magnetofluidics for the detection of a multiphase liquid flow, i.e., superparamagnetic aqueous droplets in an oil carrier phase. The high resolution of the sensor allows the detection of nanoliter-sized superparamagnetic droplets with a concentration of 0.58 mg cm−3, even when they are only biased in a geomagnetic field. The limit of detection can be boosted another order of magnitude, reaching 0.04 mg cm−³ (1.4 million particles in a single 100 nL droplet) when a magnetic field of 5 mT is applied to bias the droplets. With this performance, our sensing platform outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions in droplet-based micro-magnetofluidics by a factor of 100. This allows us to detect ferrofluid droplets in clinically and biologically relevant concentrations, and even in lower concentrations, without the need of externally applied magnetic fields.

Shariah-compliant equities and Shariah screening: need for convergence of ethical screening of stocks with Shariah screening

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tauhidul Islam Tanin ◽  
Abu Umar Faruq Ahmad ◽  
Aishath Muneeza
Keyword(s):  
Original Research ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Stock Screening ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study explores the practical application of the Shariah screening process and how it could be enhanced by converging the same with the ethical screening of stocks.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a qualitative research methodology by combining the qualitative descriptive approach and content analysis.FindingsThe findings of this research suggest that there is scope to converge ethical screening of stocks with Shariah Screening as the lex loci applicable to Shariah screening is derived from Shariah, which considers ethics as part of determining its rules.Practical implicationsThe data from this study reveal several practical applications, the ultimate goal of which is to help the policymakers and stakeholders understand the relevance of the Shariah screening of stocks and get a streamlined screening process, paving the way to enhance the same using ethical screening criteria to develop its function to become much more relevant irrespective of the denomination of faiths.Originality/valueThis is original research, which is expected to contribute to understanding the extent to which Shariah screening can be enhanced by integrating the ethical stock screening dimension to it.

Corporate social responsibility practices developed by Mexican family and non-family businesses

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Esparza Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
University Education ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Southern State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mexican Family ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the CSR practices developed by Mexican family and non-family MSMEs. The study also aims to compare the CSR practices carried out by family and non-family businesses in a country with an emergent economy. Design/methodology/approach The paper opted for an exploratory study using a sample of 384 businesses was selected in the southern state of Quintana Roo, Mexico, distributed in 245 family and 139 non-family businesses and a questionnaire was applied directly to the managers/owners. Findings The results show that family MSMEs develop CSR practices to a higher extent than non-family ones, mainly on environment and societal dimensions. In addition, CSR practices in family-owned enterprises develop to a higher extent when the manager/owner has more years of experience in the business, has a higher university education and the size of the business is larger. Research limitations/implications The study was developed exclusively with a MSMEs sample with a scope only on the southern part of Quintana Roo, Mexico; the shortage of business databases and the stratification of businesses based exclusively on the number of employees. This work presents information that contributes to the state of the art, broadening the existing literature related to CSR in businesses of a country with an emergent economy and an environment where the tourism and commercial sectors predominate. Practical implications This paper provides information to government institutions for the establishment of public policies targeted for an increase of CSR activities by businesses in the area. Manager and/or owners can understand the importance of implementing CSR activities within the business as a competitive strategy. It is also important for universities, professors/researchers and for all interested parties. Originality/value This paper provides theoretical and empirical evidence about CSR practices carried out among family and non-family MSMEs in an emergent economy.

scholarly journals Role of Sensory Evaluation in Consumer Acceptance of Plant-Based Meat Analogs and Meat Extenders: A Scoping Review

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Fiorentini ◽  
Amanda J. Kinchla ◽  
Alissa A. Nolden
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sensory Attributes ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Growing demand for sustainable food has led to the development of meat analogs to satisfy flexitarians and conscious meat-eaters. Successful combinations of functional ingredients and processing methods result in the generation of meat-like sensory attributes, which are necessary to attract non-vegetarian consumers. Sensory science is a broader research field used to measure and interpret responses to product properties, which is not limited to consumer liking. Acceptance is evaluated through hedonic tests to assess the overall liking and degree of liking for individual sensory attributes. Descriptive analysis provides both qualitative and quantitative results of the product’s sensory profile. Here, original research papers are reviewed that evaluate sensory attributes of meat analogs and meat extenders through hedonic testing and/or descriptive analysis to demonstrate how these analytical approaches are important for consumer acceptance. Sensory evaluation combined with instrumental measures, such as texture and color, can be advantageous and help to improve the final product. Future applications of these methods might include integration of sensory tests during product development to better direct product processing and formulation. By conducting sensory evaluation, companies and researchers will learn valuable information regarding product attributes and overall liking that help to provide more widely accepted and sustainable foods.

scholarly journals Multipath Lightweight Deep Network Using Randomly Selected Dilated Convolution

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7862
Author(s):  
Sangun Park ◽  
Dong Eui Chang
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Robot Vision ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Classification Error ◽  
Feature Maps ◽  
Deep Network ◽  
Dilated Convolution ◽  
Input Feature ◽  
Multipath Networks

Robot vision is an essential research field that enables machines to perform various tasks by classifying/detecting/segmenting objects as humans do. The classification accuracy of machine learning algorithms already exceeds that of a well-trained human, and the results are rather saturated. Hence, in recent years, many studies have been conducted in the direction of reducing the weight of the model and applying it to mobile devices. For this purpose, we propose a multipath lightweight deep network using randomly selected dilated convolutions. The proposed network consists of two sets of multipath networks (minimum 2, maximum 8), where the output feature maps of one path are concatenated with the input feature maps of the other path so that the features are reusable and abundant. We also replace the 3×3 standard convolution of each path with a randomly selected dilated convolution, which has the effect of increasing the receptive field. The proposed network lowers the number of floating point operations (FLOPs) and parameters by more than 50% and the classification error by 0.8% as compared to the state-of-the-art. We show that the proposed network is efficient.

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