PP/POE thermoplastic elastomer prepared by dynamic vulcanization and its flame retardant modification

2021 ◽  
pp. 009524432110290
Author(s):  
Mingchao Li ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Chunhui Shen ◽  
Shanjun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Dynamic Vulcanization ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Aging Resistance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Oxidative Aging

Flame retardant thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with excellent mechanical properties and thermal oxidative aging resistance was prepared by dynamic vulcanization technology with ethylene-octene copolymer (POE) and polypropylene (PP) as raw materials. The paper first discussed the effect of the amount of vulcanizing agent on the properties of PP/POE TPE. Based on the study of tensile strength, elongation at break, cross-section morphology, processability and aging properties of TPE, it was found that the TPE prepared with 0.6 phr of bis(1-(tert-butylperoxy)-1-methylethyl)-benzene (BIPB) and 40/60 of PP/POE had the best properties. Then silicone powder (GM) is added to the traditional low-halogen bromine-phosphorus flame retardant system for flame retardant modification. The results show that the addition of GM can effectively enhance the stability of the carbon layer, prevent the material from dripping during combustion, and increase the residual carbon content of TPE at 800°C. When 3 phr of GM is combined with a bromine-phosphorus system. The comprehensive performance is the best, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of TPE increased to 29.8%, reaching the V-0 level. At the same time, the processing fluidity and aging resistance of TPE materials have also been improved.

scholarly journals Preparation of Mn2+ Doped Piperazine Phosphate as a Char-Forming Agent for Improving the Fire Safety of Polypropylene/Ammonium Polyphosphate Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7589
Author(s):  
Fuqiang Dong ◽  
Zhonglin Luo ◽  
Biaobing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Manganese Acetate ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
High Degree

A piperazine phosphate doped with Mn2+ (HP-Mn), as a new char-forming agent for intumescent flame retardant systems (IFR), was designed and synthesized using 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, piperazine, and manganese acetate tetrahydrate as raw materials. The effect of HP-Mn and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) on the fire safety and thermal stability of polypropylene (PP) was investigated. The results showed that the combined incorporation of 25 wt.% APP/HP-Mn at a ratio of 1:1 endowed the flame retardant PP (PP6) composite with the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 30.7% and UL-94 V-0 rating. In comparison with the pure PP, the peak heat release rate (PHRR), the total heat release (THR), and the smoke production rate (PSPR) of the PP6 were reduced by 74%, 30%, and 70%, respectively. SEM and Raman analysis of the char residues demonstrated that the Mn2+ displayed a catalytic cross-linking charring ability to form a continuous and compact carbon layer with a high degree of graphitization, which can effectively improve the flame retardancy of PP/APP composites. A possible flame-retardant mechanism was proposed to reveal the synergistic effect between APP and HP-Mn.

Effect of wood flour and naphthenic oil on morphology, rheological and mechanical properties of EPDM/PP/AL composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Rui Gou ◽  
Minghui Guo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Reactive Blending ◽  
Dynamic Vulcanization ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), made from ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP) base on reactive blending, has an excellent processing performance and characteristics and a wide range of applications. In this paper, EPDM, PP and ammonium lignosulfonate (AL) were selected as raw materials, wood flour (WF) of poplar tree was used as filler, naphthenic oil was used as plasticizer, DCP vulcanization system with dynamic vulcanization was carried, to make a new kind of composite material. This research studied the influences of wood flour and naphthenic oil content on the microstructure, mechanical properties and rheological properties of the composite material. The result showed: the content of wood flour and naphthenic oil has big impact on composite material. With the increase of the wood flour content, the mechanical properties are increased firstly and then decreased. The viscosity and modulus of the composite is improved with the increase of wood flour. With of the increase of the amount of naphthenic oil, the mechanical properties, viscosity and modulus of the composites decreased. When the content of wood flour is between 30–60 parts and the content of naphthenic oil is less than 20, the EPDM/PP/AL composite is suitable for using as the core layer elastic material of composite floor.

Preparation and Characterization of Flame Retardant PET Fiber via Melt Blending

2018 ◽  
Vol 913 ◽  
pp. 729-737
Author(s):  
Hui Ling Xu ◽  
Hong Kun Bao ◽  
Chao Sheng Wang ◽  
Hua Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Fiber Fracture ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fiber with excellent flame retardant property was prepared with introducing a containing phosphorus flame retardant 10-(2’,5’-dihydroxyphenyl) -9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (ODOPB) into PET by melt blending method. The intrinsic viscosity of the modified PET was decreased after melt blending, indicated that ODOPB could promote the degradation of PET. The addition of ODOPB can increase the amount of carbon residue of PET, which can effectively reduce the heat transfer. The movement and regularity of PET molecular chain are affected by ODOPB, resulting in the reducing of the crystallization of PET. The Raman curves indicate that the addition of ODOPB can improve the regularity of carbon layer, which is conducive to achieve the effect of flame retardant. When the mass fraction of P is 0.7 %, the limiting oxygen index of sample reaches 32.4% and UL-94 vertical reaches V-2, the fiber fracture strength is 2.6 cN/dtex, which has excellent flame retardant and mechanical properties.

Investigation of physical properties and morphology of compatibilized EPDM/EVA blends

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman I Khalaf ◽  
Azza A Ward ◽  
Nehad N Rozik
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Itaconic Anhydride ◽  
Aging Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Thermal Oxidative Aging

The main aim is to investigate the effect of adding of 5% hydrolyzed poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVAOH), itaconic anhydride (naturally obtained during fermentation of sugars (It.anhydride)), and mercapto-modified ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVASH) as compatibilizers on the mechanical properties before and after thermal oxidative aging at 90°C for different time periods up to 7 days, electrical properties, and morphology of ethylene propylene diene monomer/ethylene vinyl acetate (EPDM/EVA) blends of different compositions (75/25, 60/40, 50/50, and 25/75, respectively). Stress at yield, tensile strength, and elongation at break of EPDM/EVA were improved markedly by the addition of 5% compatibilizers (EVAOH, It.anhydride, and EVASH). The micrographs of fractured surfaces obtained from the scanning electron microscope demonstrated further the enhancement of compatibility between EPDM and EVA by the addition of reactive compatibilizers. Further, the blends permittivity ε′ and dielectric loss ε″ have been measured at specific temperatures. The dielectric properties revealed that It.anhydride and EVASH/EPDM/EVA compositions are promising materials for insulation purposes. Finally, aging resistance was improved by the use of compatibilizers.

Zinc Hydroxystannate-Coated Mineral Grade Mg(OH)2 as Flame-Retardant and Smoke Suppression for Flexible PVC

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Zheng Wang ◽  
Wei Hong Wu ◽  
Xia Ye ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Smoke Suppression ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Smoke Suppressant ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Zinc Hydroxystannate ◽  
The Stability

A zinc hydroxystannate-coated mineral grade Mg(OH)2 (ZHSCMH) was synthesized as flame retardant and smoke suppressant for flexible poly (vinyl chloride). The powder of ZHSCMH was characterized by the x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The flame retardancy, smoke suppression and thermal behavior of PVC treated with ZHSCMH and mineral grade Mg(OH)2 were comparative studied by means of limiting oxygen index (LOI), smoke density rating (SDR), thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and SEM. The results show that, ZHSCMH can be used as a high effective flame retardant and smoke suppressant for PVC. The flame retardant of ZHSCMH can effectively promote the crosslinking reaction of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) in the first stage, and improve the stability of the char residue in the second stage.

scholarly journals Preparation and Test of UV Resistant and Flame Retardant Cotton Fabric With Phytic Acid, Tannic Acid and Diethylenetriamine as Raw Materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhou ◽  
Yankun Yin ◽  
Zhiyu Huang ◽  
Lu Fu ◽  
Shaohua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Ultraviolet Resistance ◽  
Ultraviolet Protection

Abstract Although cotton fabric is widely used in various fields because of its unique advantages, it has the disadvantages of flammability and poor ultraviolet protection. By combining diethylenetriamine(DETA)、phytic acid (PA) and tannic acid(TA) on cotton fabric, a chemical reaction intumescent flame retardant cotton fabric with anti-ultraviolet and anti-flame retardant was developed. The flame retardant and ultraviolet resistance of cotton fabric were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, vertical combustion test, cone calorimetry test and ultraviolet resistance test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and other tests were used to analyze the chemical composition, surface morphology and residual carbon after combustion of the cotton fabric, and it was confirmed that the modified cotton fabric has good ultraviolet resistance and flame retardant performance. In this study, an eco-friendly cotton fabric treatment method was proposed, which made cotton fabric have anti-ultraviolet and flame retardant properties, and a new application of tannic acid and phytic acid in ultraviolet protection and flame retardant of fabric was put forward.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Flame-Retardant Properties and Mechanical Properties of PA66 with Different Dicyclohexyl Hypophosphite Acid Metal Salts

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Junliang Lu ◽  
Hongyan Yang ◽  
Jinyan Lang ◽  
Heng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

Three metal salts of dicyclohexyl hypophosphite, namely dicyclohexyl aluminum hypophosphite (ADCP), dicyclohexyl magnesium hypophosphite (MDCP), and dicyclohexyl zinc hypophosphite (ZDCP), were synthesized. These flame retardants were subjected to thermogravimetric analysis, and the results showed that ADCP and ZDCP had higher thermal stabilities than MDCP. They were then separately mixed with polyamide 66 (PA66)to prepare composite materials, of which the combustion properties were determined by the limiting oxygen index method and horizontal/vertical burning experiments. The mechanical properties of the materials were further evaluated using an electronic universal testing machine. The results showed that all the three flame retardants exerted a flame-retardant effect on PA66, but the flame-retardant effect of MDCP was inferior to those of ADCP and ZDCP. All the composites also showed similar mechanical properties. Among the three flame retardants, ADCP had the best overall performance for raw materials, showing good flame-retardant properties while maintaining the mechanical properties of the raw materials. The optimal dosage of ADCP was 15 wt %, at which a V-0 rating in the vertical burning test (UL 94 test) can be obtained.

Effects of different ammonium lignosulfonate contents on the crystallization, rheological behaviors, and thermal and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer/polypropylene/ammonium lignosulfonate composites

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
RUI GOU ◽  
MINGHUI GUO
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer ◽  
Dynamic Vulcanization ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Wide Range

Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), made from ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and poly-propylene (PP) based on reactive blending, has an excellent processing performance and characteristics and a wide range of applications. However, there are currently no reports in the literature regarding the usage of TPE in making composite boards. In this paper, EPDM, PP, and ammonium lignosulfonate (AL) were used as the raw materials, poly-ethylene wax was used as the plasticizer, and a dicumyl peroxide vulcanization system with dynamic vulcanization was used to make a new kind of composite material. This research studied the influences of the AL contents on the crystallization behaviors, rheological properties, thermal properties, and mechanical properties of the composites. The results showed that the AL content had a noticeable impact on the performance of the composite board. Accordingly, this kind of composite material can be used as an elastomer material for the core layer of laminated flooring.

Study on Aging Resistance Properties of Natural Rubber Dried by Microwave

2013 ◽  
Vol 706-708 ◽  
pp. 266-269
Author(s):  
Yong Zhou Wang ◽  
Fu Quan Zhang ◽  
Mao Fang Huang ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
Hong Xing Gui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Thermal Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Oxidative Aging ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Aging Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Thermal Oxidative Aging

In this work, thermogravimetry (TG) and Wallace plastometer were used to study the thermal-oxidative aging resistance properties of natural rubber (NR) dried by microwave and hot-air. Showed from the results, thermal degradation temperature, primary thermal-oxidative degradation temperature, the value of P0, PRI and VR for NR dried by microwave were higher than those of NR dried by hot-air; the thermal-oxidative aging resistance properties of NR vulcanizes dried by microwave improved significantly, and the rate of change for elongation at break (-26.76%) and tensile strength (-38.6%) of NR vulcanizes dried by microwave before and after aging were apparently higher than those of NR vulcanizes dried by hot-air, which were (-60.29%) and (-82.11), respectively.

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