Ownership Versus Partnership Parenting: Parenting Styles Within the Homeschooling Movement

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110551
Author(s):  
Kate Henley Averett ◽  
Griffin Lacy
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Conservative Christian ◽  
Child Autonomy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Depth Interviews

Scholars of the family agree on four main parenting styles, varying along two axes: responsiveness and control. Parental involvement and child autonomy fall under the control axis and are assumed to have an inverse relationship; where parental involvement is high, child autonomy is assumed to be low, and vice versa. Drawing on 22 in-depth interviews and participant observation at five homeschooling conferences, we examine the dominant parenting philosophies and practices of conservative Christian homeschoolers (which we call “ownership parenting”) and secular unschoolers (which we call “partnership parenting”). We demonstrate that the inverse relationship between parental involvement and child autonomy is not present in partnership parenting, which is marked by both high parental involvement and high child autonomy. Unschooling thus represents an empirical case against the theoretical conflation of parental involvement and child autonomy; a new expanded typology is thus posited that divides the control axis into two distinct axes.

Informalitas Dalam Formalitas: Sebuah Kajian Budaya Organisasi Perusahaan Keluarga

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Hardiyanti Munsi ◽  
Ahmad Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
The Family ◽  
Formal Organizations ◽  
Religious Aspects ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Big Men

This article intends to identify and to describe the unique structure and the managing style that owns primordial characteristics, that is giving significance to kinship, religion, and local Bugis cultural values, which made up the cultural system of PT. Hadji Kalla family business. Theoritically, this research was inspired from Weberian perspective on the ideal types of bureaucracy, that observes organizations (in this case is the family business) as one of the socio-cultural phenomena which is neutral and value-free, that is place aside its subjective aspects. The research was conducted in two locations, the head office and one of the branch offices using qualitative approach that relies on participant observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. The results of the research shows that the family business of PT. Hadji Kalla that has advanced into national level still prioritizes kinship, ethnicity, and religious aspects in the daily activities of the company. The value even take parts in providing the company’s colour to the urban societies in various districts where the company stands. This means that although the society has undergone transformations, it doesn’t mean that the primordial value, and the elements that exist outside of businesses (such as kinship, big men, religion, cultural values, and interest) do not influence the activities that are held in formal organizations. Therefore, the interventions of subjective aspects will always appear, followed with the application of the modern management system that is implemented by PT. Hadji Kalla company.

Intensive Family Observations: A Methodological Guide

2020 ◽  
pp. 004912412091494
Author(s):  
Annette Lareau ◽  
Aliya Hamid Rao
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Family Processes ◽  
Valuable Data ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Private Spaces ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Fixed Period

There is a dearth of methodological guidance on how to conduct participant observation in private spaces such as family homes. Yet, participant observations can provide deep and valuable data about family processes. This article draws on two ethnographic studies of family life in which researchers conduct in-depth interviews, recruit families, and ultimately enter the family as a quasi-stranger for daily observations lasting a fixed period (e.g., three weeks). We term this approach “intensive family observations.” Here, we provide concrete methodological advice for this method, beginning with guidelines for recruitment and gaining consent. We also discuss logistics of conducting family observation (e.g., scheduling, spatial positionality in the home, role in the field, among other issues). We elaborate on the key challenges, specifically issues of intrusion, power, and positionality. Last, we reflect on how this method provides opportunities for accurately capturing deeply intimate moments as well as unexpected insights.

scholarly journals The family rules. The influence of parenting styles on adolescents' media literacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (Media literacy) ◽  
pp. 74-96
Author(s):  
Claudia Riesmeyer ◽  
Bernadette Abel ◽  
Annika Großmann
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Media Criticism ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Control ◽  
Strong Control ◽  
The Relationship

The paper examines the relationship between parenting styles concerning media and the ability of young people to criticize media. It is based on 28 qualitative interviews with each parent and their children. Young people use social networks such as Instagram extensively, while their parents use them much less often. Nevertheless, they are the first instance of media socialization. They should communicate norms for media use and inform about opportunities and risks. Instagram fulfils adolescents' desire for social interaction with others or participation in the life of others, documentation of everyday life and the possibility of self-expression through its visual characteristics. The paper develops a typology of young people depending on parenting styles and illustrates their relevance for media criticism. The dimensions of parenting styles heat and control characterize this ability. The higher the warmth of parenting, the higher the children's ability to criticize the media. The influence of control is less clear. It is advantageous to a certain degree and helps the children. If it becomes too strong, control unfolds a rather negative potential that inhibits young people's media literacy.

Organized Crime and Social Transformation in Bulgaria

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgi Petrunov
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
And Control ◽  
Depth Interviews

The article is focused on one specific aspect of organized crime during the period of social transformation of Bulgarian society. It views the capacity of organized crime to offer additional power resources and encouragement for the political elite, whose power and domination have been threatened by the changes. The analysis is based on the thesis that to sustain and to strengthen their power and domination the elites have applied the strategy of increased secrecy and informality of power sources and of the means of their exertion via the establishment and control of criminal structures. The applied research methods include participant observation, in-depth interviews and document analysis.

scholarly journals Learning and Parenting in Spanish Environments: Prosocial Behavior, Aggression, and Self-Concept

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gema Bagán ◽  
Ana M. Tur-Porcar ◽  
Anna Llorca
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Family Based ◽  
And Control

The psychology of sustainability and sustainable development is related to improvements in people’s quality of life in different environments, including the family. Based on this theoretical approach, this study explores the relationships between parenting styles (maternal and paternal support, control, and neglect) and prosocial behavior, aggression, and self-concept of children from Spain aged 4–7 years (M = 5.81; DS = 1.05). Participants were 635 boys and girls (53.7% boys; 46.3% girls) from Valencia and Castellón (Spain). Most parents had low educational levels and low-qualified, temporary jobs. Over 82% of participants were from Spain. The other participants were from Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, and Southeast Asia. The results indicate that maternal support and control have the strongest relationships with children’s prosocial behavior, aggression, and self-concept, fundamentally as predictors of self-concept and aggression. According to children’s perceptions, maternal parenting plays a more prominent role than paternal parenting. Authoritarian and neglectful parenting at these ages seems to be perceived less negatively than at other ages, and the effects of such parenting may arise at a later age. Furthermore, prosocial behavior and self-concept curb aggression. These results can support the design of interventions in childhood.

Metaphoric Relationships with Pets

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell W. Belk
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
The Family ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractUsing depth interviews and participant observation, the predominant metaphors that emerge in pet owners' relationships with theiranimals are pets as pleasures, problems, parts of self, members of the family, and toys. These metaphors as well as patterns of interacting with and accounting for pets, suggest vacillation between viewing companion animals as human and civilized and viewing them as animalistic and chaotic. It is argued that these views comprise a mixed metaphor needed to more fully understand our fascination with pets.

scholarly journals Perempuan Pakpak dalam Realitas Adat (Studi kasus di desa Pegagan Julu VIII)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Hadriana Marhaeni Munthe
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
The Family ◽  
Feminist Methods ◽  
The Village ◽  
Customary Practices ◽  
Depth Interviews

This paper is derived from case studies conducted on Pakpak women by cross-strata and status in domestic family institutions and customary institutions as public institutions in the village of Pegagan Julu VIII with qualitative feminist methods. The feminist method emphasizes the research process that involves women through their life experiences in cases of indigenous marginalization experienced by them in their communities. Sources of data from women's life experiences which are also voiced by women themselves. Data collection techniques used FGD (Focus Group Discussion), in-depth interviews and participant observation of women who became research informants. The results of the study show that Pakpak women are cross-social strata with the potential to be indigenous conservationists, ironically, the reality is not directly proportional to their authority or authority to make decisions in any customary or customary work. The reason is that the dominance of patriarchal culture which is still strong in prioritizing men and lacking respect for women has influenced the weak bargaining position of women. The consequences that arise are that most customary practices and values are less pro-women, both at the family level and in the community. They experience exploitation especially from the poor strata, so that the poverty that is already heavy is faced by women, the more the burden of adat that must be borne by women. As a result women have the potential to experience double poverty (double poverty) and even tend to experience situations of alienation from their customs.

Peregrinação Acadêmica: A mulher Romeira do Bom Jesus da Lapa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Célia Coelho Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The West ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
West Part

This work is the result of the doctoral thesis entitled Pilgrimage of Bom Jesus da Lapa: Social Reproduction of the Family and Female Gender Identity, specifically the second chapter that talks about women in the Pilgrimage of Bom Jesus da Lapa, emphasizing gender relations, analyzing the location of the pilgrimage as a social reproduction of the patriarchal family and female gender identity. The research scenario is the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage, which has been held for 329 years, in that city, located in the West part of Bahia. The research participants are pilgrim women who are in the age group between 50 and 70 years old and have participated, for more than five consecutive years in the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage, belonging to five Brazilian states (Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo and Goiás) that register a higher frequency of attendance at this religious event. We used bibliographic, qualitative, field and documentary research and data collection as our methodology; we applied participant observation and semi-structured interviews as a technique. We concluded that the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage is a location for family social reproduction and the female gender identity, observing a contrast in the resignification of the role and in the profile of the pilgrim women from Bom Jesus da Lapa, alternating between permanence and the transformation of gender identity coming from patriarchy.

Do we form or deform? Qualitative Investigation in Public Hospitals of Madrid

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Jesús Gómez Camuñas ◽  
Purificación González Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Small Hospital ◽  
Student Learn ◽  
Depth Interviews

<div><i>Background</i>: the creative capacities and the knowledge of the employees are components of the intellectual capital of the company; hence, their training is a key activity to achieve the objectives and business growth. <i>Objective</i>: To understand the meaning of learning in the hospital from the experiences of its participants through the inquiry of meanings. <i>Method</i>: Qualitative design with an ethnographic approach, which forms part of a wider research, on organizational culture; carried out mainly in 2 public hospitals of the Community of Madrid. The data has been collected for thirteen months. A total of 23 in-depth interviews and 69 field sessions have been conducted through the participant observation technique. <i>Results</i>: the worker and the student learn from what they see and hear. The great hospital offers an unregulated education, dependent on the professional, emphasizing that they learn everything. Some transmit the best and others, even the humiliating ones, use them for dirty jobs, focusing on the task and nullifying the possibility of thinking. They show a reluctant attitude to teach the newcomer, even if they do, they do not have to oppose their practice. In short, a learning in the variability, which produces a rupture between theory and practice; staying with what most convinces them, including negligence, which affects the patient's safety. In the small hospital, it is a teaching based on a practice based on scientific evidence and personalized attention, on knowing the other. Clearly taught from the reception, to treat with caring patience and co-responsibility in the care. The protagonists of both scenarios agree that teaching and helping new people establish lasting and important personal relationships to feel happy and want to be in that service or hospital. <i>Conclusion</i>: There are substantial differences related to the size of the center, as to what and how the student and the novel professional are formed. At the same time that the meaning of value that these health organizations transmit to their workers is inferred through the training, one orienting to the task and the other to the person, either patient, professional or pupil and therefore seeking the common benefit.</div>

Mereka yang Tidak Dibayar Tinggi: Ibuisme, Taman Kanak-kanak, dan Kampung di Indramayu

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Mochammad Arief Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Kindergarten Teachers ◽  
New Order ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Community Pressure ◽  
The Village ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The Ideal

The ideology of state-ibuism has always been interwoven with how the New Order regime until nowadays government constructing the “ideal” role of women in the family and community through the PKK (Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) organization. However, in Cangkring Village, Indramayu, the ideology of ibuism works not because of the massive government regulating the role of women through the PKK organization, but it is possible because of the structure of the kampung community itself. Through involved observations and in-depth interviews about a kindergarten in the village, a group of housewives who dedicated themselves to teaching in kindergarten were met without getting paid high. From these socio-cultural phenomenons, this paper will describe descriptively and analytically that housewives in the Cangkring village are willing to become kindergarten teachers because of their moral burden as part of the warga kampung and also from community pressure from people who want their children to be able to read and write.

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