Application of treated eggplant peel as a low-cost adsorbent for water treatment toward elimination of Pb2+: Kinetic modeling and isotherm study

In this study, treated eggplant peel was used as an adsorbent to remove Pb2+ from aqueous solution. For this purpose batch adsorption experiments were performed for investigating the effect of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, solute concentrations, and temperature. In order to assess adsorbent’s physical and chemical properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used. The results showed that the adsorption parameters for reaching maximum removal were found to be contact time of 110 min, adsorbent dose of 0.01 g/ml, initial lead(II) concentration of 70 ppm, pH of 4, and temperature of 25°C. Moreover, for the experiments carried out at pH > 4 the removal occurred by means of significant precipitation as well as adsorption. Furthermore, these results indicated that the adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics model implying that during the adsorption process strong bond between lead(II) and chemical functional groups of adsorbent surface took place. The process was described by Langmuir model (R2 = 0.99; maximum adsorption capacity 88.33 mg/g). Also thermodynamics of adsorption was studied at various temperatures and the thermodynamic parameters including equilibrium constant (K), standard enthalpy change, standard entropy change, and standard free energy changes were obtained from experimental data.

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Removal of lead from aqueous solutions by low cost and waste biosorbents (lemon, bean and artichoke shells)

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2020.093 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 159-169

Author(s):

Feyza Ergüvenerler ◽

Şerif Targan ◽

Vedia Nüket Tirtom

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Low Cost ◽

Standard Free Energy ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Standard Entropy ◽

X Ray ◽

Adsorption Capacities ◽

Influence Of Ph ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract Simple, fast, effective, low cost and waste biosorbents, lemon, bean and artichoke shells, were used to remove lead (II) ions from aqueous solution. The influence of pH, contact time, temperature and lead (II) concentration of the removal process was investigated. The sufficient contact time was deemed 10 minutes for bean and artichoke shells and 60 minutes for lemon shells for Pb(II) ions. The thermodynamic parameters, such as standard free energy (ΔG), standard enthalpy (ΔH), and standard entropy (ΔS) of the adsorption process were calculated as −5.6786, −5.5758, −3.1488 kJmol−1 for ΔG, −7.2791, −20.285, −9.5561 kJ mol−1 for ΔH, −0.00545, −0.05017, −0.02185 kJ mol−1 K−1 for ΔS, respectively, for lemon, artichoke and bean shells. Maximum adsorption capacities of lead (II) were observed as 61.30 mg g−1, 88.5 mg g−1 and 62.81 mg g−1, respectively, for lemon, bean and artichoke shells according to the Freundlich isotherm model at 20 °C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray detector (EDX) were used to characterize the surface morphology of the adsorbents. Consequently, Pb(II) removal using lemon, bean and artichoke shells would be an effective method for the economic treatment of wastewater.

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New Activated Carbon from Mine Coal for Adsorption of Dye in Simulated Water or Multiple Heavy Metals in Real Wastewater

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13112498 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 2498 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marwa Elkady ◽

Hassan Shokry ◽

Hesham Hamad

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Nitric Acid ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Low Cost ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Multiple Heavy Metals

Nano-activated carbon (NAC) prepared from El-Maghara mine coal were modified with nitric acid solution. Their physico-chemical properties were investigated in terms of methylene blue (MB) adsorption, FTIR, and metal adsorption. Upon oxidation of the ACS with nitric acid, surface oxide groups were observed in the FTIR spectra by absorption peaks at 1750–1250 cm−1. The optimum processes parameters include HNO3/AC ratio (wt./wt.) of 20, oxidation time of 2 h, and the concentration of HNO3 of 10% reaching the maximum adsorption capacity of MB dye. Also, the prepared NAC was characterized by SEM, EDX, TEM, Raman Spectroscopy, and BET analyses. The batch adsorption of MB dye from solution was used for monitoring the behavior of the most proper produced NAC. Equilibrium isotherms of MB dye adsorption on NAC materials were acquired and the results discussed in relation to their surface chemistry. Langmuir model recorded the best interpretation of the dye adsorption data. Also, NAC was evaluated for simultaneous adsorption of six different metal ions (Fe2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) that represented contaminates in petrochemical industrial wastewater. The results indicated that the extracted NAC from El-Maghara mine coal is considered as an efficient low-cost adsorbent material for remediation in both basic dyes and metal ions from the polluted solutions.

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Adsorption of Basic and Acidic Dyes onto Agricultural Wastes

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.70.12 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 12-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nnaemeka John Okorocha ◽

J. Josphine Okoji ◽

Charles Osuji

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Thermodynamic Quantities ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Dyes Adsorption ◽

Adsorbent Dose

The potential of almond leaves powder, (ALP) for the removal of Crystal violet (CV) and Congo red (CR) dyes from aqueous solution was investigated. The adsorbent (ALP) was characterized by FTIR and SEM analysis. Batch adsorption studies were conducted and various parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and temperature were studied to observe their effects in the dyes adsorption process. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of CV and CR dyes onto the adsorbent (ALP) was found to be: contact time (100mins), pH (10.0), temperature (343K) for an initial CV dye concentration of 50mg/L using adsorbent dose of 1.0g and contact time (100mins), pH (2.0), temperature (333K) for an initial CR dye concentration of 50mg/L using adsorbent dose 1.0g respectively. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data fitted best and well to the Freundlich isotherm model for both CV and CR dyes adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of ALP was found to be 22.96mg/g and 7.77mg/g for the adsorption of CV and CR dyes respectively. The kinetic data conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic quantities such as Gibbs free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) were evaluated and the negative values of ΔG0obtained for both dyes indicate the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process while the positive values of ΔH0and ΔS0obtained indicated the endothermic nature and increased randomness during the adsorption process respectively for the adsorption of CV and CR onto ALP. Based on the results obtained such as good adsorption capacity, rapid kinetics, and its low cost, ALP appears to be a promising adsorbent material for the removal of CV and CR dye stuff from aqueous media.

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Removal of trace thorium(IV) from aqueous solutions using a pseudo-polyrotaxane

Radiochimica Acta ◽

10.1515/ract-2016-2746 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Huijun Liu ◽

Shanxia Deng ◽

Lanlin Lei ◽

Zhiyuan Feng ◽

Caixia Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Thermodynamic Parameters ◽

Contact Time ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Optimum Conditions ◽

Dose Concentration ◽

Adsorbent Dose

Abstract The adsorption of thorium(IV) was studied using a pseudo-polyrotaxane, which was obtained by the reaction of poly(propyleneglycol) (PPG) and 6-OTs-β-CD. The adsorption of thorium(IV) was examined as a function of the contact time, pH of the solution, adsorbent dose, concentration of thorium(IV) and temperature using batch adsorption experiments. The experimental results suggested that the optimum conditions were found to be at pH 3.5, contact time 40 min, 10 mg adsorbent doses, 20 mg L−1 thorium(IV) concentration and 298 K. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 15.366 mg g−1. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG0<0, ΔH0<0) were calculated, the result showed that the adsorption of thorium(IV) was exothermic and spontaneous process.

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Removal of chromium from synthetic wastewater by adsorption onto Ethiopian low-cost Odaracha adsorbent

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-020-01310-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Yohanis Birhanu ◽

Seyoum Leta ◽

Getachew Adam

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Low Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Green Technology ◽

Synthetic Wastewater ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Wide Range ◽

Cr Concentration ◽

Adsorbent Dose

AbstractNowadays, Cr-loaded wastewater released from industrial activities pose an increasing risk to human health and the environment. Adsorption processes have been widely used for the removal of chromium from the waste stream. In this regard, natural adsorbents are the most preferable and cost-effective methods. In this study, the efficiency of Odaracha adsorbent as a novel green technology in the removal of chromium from synthetic wastewater is analyzed. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration of adsorbate on Cr removal. The surface morphology of Odaracha adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. Experimental results showed that Odaracha adsorbent could perform effectively in a wide range of experimental conditions. However, in optimum experimental conditions, such as 180-min contact time, pH 3, and 15 g/L of adsorbent dose Odaracha adsorbent removes 94.68% of Cr from an aqueous solution having 110 mg/L of Cr concentration.

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Utilization of Agro-Waste in the Elimination of Dyes from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.86.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 11-23

Author(s):

Nnaemeka John Okorocha ◽

Chijioke E. Omaliko ◽

Collins C. Osuagwu ◽

Maureen O. Chijioke-Okere ◽

Conrad K. Enenebeaku

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Thermodynamic Quantities ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Maize Cob ◽

Adsorbent Dose

The prospective of maize cob powder (MCP) as an effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green (MG) and congo red (CR) dyes from aqueous solution was investigated. The presence of functional groups and pores on maize cob powder were confirmed by FTIR and SEM analysis. Batch adsorption studies were conducted and various parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and temperature were examined to observe their effects in the dyes adsorption process. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of MG and CR onto the adsorbent (MCP) was found to be: contact time (60mins), pH (10.0) and temperature (303 K), adsorbent dose (1 g) for an initial MG dye concentration of 50 mg/L and contact time (80mins), pH (2.0) and temperature (343 K) for an initial CR dye concentration of 50 mg/L and adsorbent dose 1.0 g respectively. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data fitted best and well to the Freundlich isotherm model for CR dye adsorption and Langmuir Isotherm for MG adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 13.02 mg/g and 9.41 mg/g for the adsorption of MG and CR dyes respectively. The kinetic data conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic quantities such as Gibbs free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) were evaluated and the negative values of ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0 obtained indicated the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the MG adsorption process while positive enthalpy (ΔH0) indicated an endothermic nature of CR adsorption process.

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Adsorption of Chromium(VI) onto Freshwater Snail Shell-Derived Biosorbent from Aqueous Solutions: Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2019/3038103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xuan Hoa Vu ◽

Lan Huong Nguyen ◽

Huu Tap Van ◽

Dinh Vinh Nguyen ◽

Thu Huong Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Contact Time ◽

Low Cost ◽

Freshwater Snail ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Adsorption Mechanisms

In this study, freshwater snail shells (FSSs) containing CaCO3 were used as a low-cost biosorbent for removing Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. The characteristics of FSS and mechanism of Cr(VI) adsorption onto FSS were investigated. The FSS biosorbent was characterized using nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption mechanism was determined by conducting various batch adsorption experiments along with fitting experimental data with various adsorption models. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted as a function of solution pH, contact time, biosorbent dose, and initial Cr(VI) concentration. Results indicated that pH = 2, a contact time of 120 min, and an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 30 mg/L at 20°C were the best conditions for adsorption of Cr(VI) onto FSS. The Cr(VI) adsorption onto FSS decreased with an increase in temperature from 20 to 40°C. The obtained maximum adsorption capacity was 8.85 mg/g for 2 g/L of FSS dose with 30 mg/L of initial Cr(VI) at 20°C. The adsorption equilibrium data fit well with the Sips and Langmuir isotherm models at 20°C with a high R2 of 0.981 and 0.975, respectively. Also, a good correlation between the experimental data and the pseudo-second-order model was achieved, with the highest R2 of 0.995 at 20°C. The adsorption mechanisms were electrostatic interaction and ion exchange. Simultaneously, this mechanism was also controlled by film diffusion. The Cr(VI) adsorption process was irreversible, spontaneous (−∆G°), exothermic (∆H° is negative), and less random (∆S° is negative). In conclusion, freshwater snail shells have the potential as a renewable adsorbent to remove toxic metals from wastewater.

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Parameters Affecting Dye Adsorption - Using Graphene Coated Sand (GSC)

International Journal of Science and Engineering Invention ◽

10.23958/ijsei/vol04-i02/01 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Seroor Atalah Khaleefa Alia ◽

Dr. Mohammed Ibrahimb ◽

Hussein Ali Hussein

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Contact Time ◽

Organic Dyes ◽

Low Cost ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Engineering Designs ◽

Heavy Metals Ions ◽

Coated Sand

Adsorption is most commonly applied process for the removal of pollutants such as dyes and heavy metals ions from wastewater. The present work talks about preparing graphenic material attached sand grains called graphene sand composite (GSC) by using ordinary sugar as a carbon source. Physical morphology and chemical composition of GSC was examined by using (FTIR, SEM, EDAX and XRD). Efficiency of GSC in the adsorption of organic dyes from water was investigated using reactive green dye with different parameters such as (ph, temperature, contact time and dose). Adsorption isotherm was also studied and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of dye is 28.98 mg/g. This fast, low-cost process can be used to manufacture commercial filters to treat contaminated water using appropriate engineering designs.

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Batch Sorption Experiments: Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherm Studies for the Adsorption of Textile Metal Ions onto Teff Straw (Eragrostis tef) Agricultural Waste

Journal of Thermodynamics ◽

10.1155/2013/375830 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 147

Author(s):

Mulu Berhe Desta

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Contact Time ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Low Cost ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Equilibrium Concentration ◽

Eragrostis Tef ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Textile Effluents

Adsorption of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cu) onto Activated Teff Straw (ATS) has been studied using batch-adsorption techniques. This study was carried out to examine the adsorption capacity of the low-cost adsorbent ATS for the removal of heavy metals from textile effluents. The influence of contact time, pH, Temperature, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption process was also studied. Results revealed that adsorption rate initially increased rapidly, and the optimal removal efficiency was reached within about 1 hour. Further increase in contact time did not show significant change in equilibrium concentration; that is, the adsorption phase reached equilibrium. The adsorption isotherms could be fitted well by the Langmuir model. The value in the present investigation was less than one, indicating that the adsorption of the metal ion onto ATS is favorable. After treatment with ATS the levels of heavy metals were observed to decrease by 88% (Ni), 82.9% (Cd), 81.5% (Cu), 74.5% (Cr), and 68.9% (Pb). Results indicate that the freely abundant, locally available, low-cost adsorbent, Teff straw can be treated as economically viable for the removal of metal ions from textile effluents.

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Removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions using excised leaves of Quetta pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.)

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v43i3.21598 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 277-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Rahman ◽

S Gul ◽

M Ajmal ◽

A Iqbal ◽

Akk Achakzai

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Contact Time ◽

Pinus Halepensis ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Adsorption Efficiency ◽

Cadmium Removal ◽

Optimum Ph ◽

Maximum Contact ◽

Adsorbent Dose

Removal of cadmium from aqueous solution was studied by using Quetta pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) leaves. Batch adsorption experiments were performed as a function of appropriate equilibrium time, pH, concentration of adsorbate and amount of adsorbent. The optimum pH required for maximum adsorption was found to be 7.0 and the maximum contact time for the equilibrium was 30 minutes at adsorbent dose of 10 g. The maximum adsorption efficiency of cadmium removal was 98.50%. The results were better fitted by Langmuir than Freundlich isotherm. The separation factor of equilibrium 0.12 and 0.67 showed that Quetta pine leaves are good adsorbent of cadmium from aqueous solution DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i3.21598 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(3): 277-281, 2014 (December)

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