Control of Specific Plaque Bacteria

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.R.B. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Synthetic Analogues ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Functional Inactivation

The Specific Plaque Hypothesis posits that particular bacteria are of unique importance in the etiology of dental caries and periodontal diseases, and a logical conclusion is that these bacteria should be the targets for our 'magic bullets' in devising plaque-control methods. This paper considers the development of preventive measures based on understanding of the significance of particular bacterial species and the properties of those bacteria. Knowledge of the importance of specific organisms as mediators of disease and molecular studies on the properties of potential virulence factors may reveal potential targets for inhibition, blocking by synthetic analogues, or functional inactivation by antibodies.

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Citral and its Derivative against Microflora from Dental Plaque

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
S.V. Ambade ◽  
N.M. Deshpande ◽  
S.S. Kale ◽  
V.N. Ambade
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Oral Microflora ◽  
Lemon Grass ◽  
First Time

Dental biofilms inhabit the oral cavity in form of dental plaque which then causes dental caries and periodontal diseases worldwide. Lemon grass essential oil (LGEO) has been reported to exhibit antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against. This study represents the potential of citral and derivatives as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent against dental microflora. Three bacterial species chiefly responsible for biofilm formation, and five prime colonizer of dental plaque were selected to represent dental microflora. Citral and its derivative viz. citral semicarbazone, exhibited antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against the selected organisms. For the first time, any citral derivative has ever demonstrated to exhibit antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against the oral microflora. However, study could not established citral or its derivatives as more effective, powerful and better herbal material as compared to LGEO to control the oral microflora associated with dental plaque.

scholarly journals Rapid Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method for the Detection and Quantification of Selected Cariogenic and Periodontal Bacteria

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Lochman ◽  
Martina Zapletalova ◽  
Hana Poskerova ◽  
Lydie Izakovicova Holla ◽  
Petra Borilova Linhartova
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Method

Dental caries and periodontal diseases are associated with a shift from symbiotic microbiota to dysbiosis. The aim of our study was to develop a rapid, sensitive, and economical method for the identification and quantification of selected cariogenic and periodontal oral bacteria. Original protocols were designed for three real-time multiplex PCR assays to detect and quantify the ratio of 10 bacterial species associated with dental caries (“cariogenic” complex) or periodontal diseases (red complex, orange complex, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). A total number of 60 samples from 30 children aged 2–6 years with severe early childhood caries and gingivitis were tested. In multiplex assays, the quantification of total bacterial (TB) content for cariogenic bacteria and red complex to eliminate differences in quantities caused by specimen collection was included. The mean counts for the TB load and that of ten evaluated specimens corresponded to previously published results. We found a significant difference between the microbial compositions obtained from the area of control and the affected teeth (p < 0.05). Based on this comprehensive microbiological examination, the risk of dental caries or periodontal inflammation may be determined. The test could also be used as a tool for behavioral intervention and thus prevention of the above-mentioned diseases.

scholarly journals Chemical Plaque Control Strategies in the Prevention of Biofilm-associated Oral Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukumaran Anil ◽  
Shilpa H Bhandi ◽  
Elna P Chalisserry ◽  
Mohammed Jafer ◽  
Jagadish Hosmani
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Patient Cooperation ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Plaque Biofilm

ABSTRACT Dental plaque is a biofilm that forms naturally on the surfaces of exposed teeth and other areas of the oral cavity. It is the primary etiological factor for the most frequently occurring oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. Specific, nonspecific, and ecologic plaque hypothesis explains the causation of dental and associated diseases. Adequate control of biofilm accumulation on teeth has been the cornerstone of prevention of periodontitis and dental caries. Mechanical plaque control is the mainstay for prevention of oral diseases, but it requires patient cooperation and motivation; therefore, chemical plaque control agents act as useful adjuvants for achieving the desired results. Hence, it is imperative for the clinicians to update their knowledge in chemical antiplaque agents and other developments for the effective management of plaque biofilm-associated diseases. This article explores the critical analysis of various chemical plaque control strategies and the current trends in the control and prevention of dental plaque biofilm. How to cite this article Jafer M, Patil S, Hosmani J, Bhandi SH, Chalisserry EP, Anil S. Chemical Plaque Control Strategies in the Prevention of Biofilm-associated Oral Diseases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(4):337-343.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Knowledge and Practices about Plaque Control Methods Among Medical and Dental Students of Gandhara University Peshawar

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Gul Sanga Nizam ◽  
Shariq Ahmad ◽  
Babar Ahad ◽  
Saira Bano ◽  
Saira Afridi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Dental Attendance ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Back ground:Plaque control methods are one of the most important tools in promoting and improving oral health of an individual. Plaque can lead to the most prevalent oral diseases that are dental caries and gingivitis2.The available data on prevalence of dental caries show that Pakistan is a low caries country whereasthere is persistently high level of periodontal diseases3. Improvement of oral health by healthcare professional is a vital aspect of preventive dentistry 1.Objectives:The aim of the study was to assess and compare the knowledge and practices of medical and dental students of Gandhara University Peshawar about plaque control methods.Materials and methods:In a cross sectional study a total of 386 students were surveyed by using self administered structured questionnaires which covered student’s knowledge about plaque control methods, dental attendance and smoking. A total of 265 students responded with fully filled questionnaires out of which 121 were filled by medical students and 144 by dental students.Results:Almost 79.8% Dental students knew about plaque out of which 78(54.1%) students thought that iscaused by not cleaning the oral cavity and 65(45.1%) thought that it leads to dental caries. One hundred and thirty nine (96.5%) students clean their teeth out of which 93(64.5%) clean their teeth twice a day with a tooth brush. One hundred and eighteen (81.9%) have visited a dentist before out of which only 49(41.5%) went for regular checkup. Sixteen (11.1%) students smoke.Almost 61.1% Medical students knew about plaque out of which 41(33.8%) students thought that it is caused by not cleaning the oral cavity and 37(30.5%) students thought that it leads to dental caries.One hundred and fourteen (94.2%) students clean their teeth out of which 69(57%) clean their teethtwice a day with a tooth brush. Sixty nine (57%) students have visited a dentist before out of which only 26(37.6%) students went for regular checkup. Twenty nine (23.9%) students smoke.Conclusions:It is concluded that there is a marked difference between the knowledge and practices among themedical and dental students, and there is a need to enhance the knowledge of medical studentregarding dental attendance. Both need more awareness regarding plaque control methods to have a positive role in the oral health education of their patients and the community.Key words: Plaque control, dental attendance, tooth brushing, smoking

Recent update on potential cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and preventive measures of biomaterials used in dentistry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjeet Ajit Bapat ◽  
Abhishek Parolia ◽  
Tanay Chaubal ◽  
Suyog Dharamadhikari ◽  
Anshad Mohamed Abdulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Missing Teeth

Dental treatment is provided for a wide variety of oral health problems like dental caries, periodontal diseases, periapical infections, replacement of missing teeth and orthodontic problems.

scholarly journals Passive Immunization Against Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease: Development of Recombinant and Human Monoclonal Antibodies

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Abiko
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Passive Immunization ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Human Type ◽  
Micro Organisms

Indigenous micro-organisms in the oral cavity can cause two major diseases, dental caries and periodontal diseases. There is neither agreement nor consensus as to the actual mechanisms of pathogenesis of the specific virulence factors of these micro-organisms. The complexity of the bacterial community in dental plaque has made it difficult for the single bacterial agent of dental caries to be determined. However, there is considerable evidence that Streptococcus mutans is implicated as the primary causative organism of dental caries, and the cell-surface protein antigen (SA I/II) as well as glucosyltransferases (GTFs) produced by S. mutans appear to be major colonization factors. Various forms of periodontal diseases are closely associated with specific subgingival bacteria. Porphyromonas gingivalis has been implicated as an important etiological agent of adult periodontitis. Adherence of bacteria to host tissues is a prerequisite for colonization and one of the important steps in the disease process. Bacterial coaggregation factors and hemagglutinins likely play major roles in colonization in the subgingival area. Emerging evidence suggests that inhibition of these virulence factors may protect the host against caries and periodontal disease. Active and passive immunization approaches have been developed for immunotherapy of these diseases. Recent advances in mucosal immunology and the introduction of novel strategies for inducing mucosal immune responses now raise the possibility that effective and safe vaccines can be constructed. In this regard, some successful results have been reported in animal experimental models. Nevertheless, since the public at large might be skeptical about the seriousness of oral diseases, immunotherapy must be carried out with absolute safety. For this goal to be achieved, the development of safe antibodies for passive immunization is significant and important. In this review, salient advances in passive immunization against caries and periodontal diseases are summarized, and the biotechnological approaches for developing recombinant and human-type antibodies are introduced. Furthermore, our own attempts to construct single-chain variable fragments (ScFv) and human-type antibodies capable of neutralizing virulence factors are discussed.

scholarly journals Quorum Sensing in Plaque Biofilms: Challenges and Future Prospects

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baswaraj Biradar ◽  
Prapulla Devi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bacterial Quorum Sensing ◽  
Bacterial Quorum

ABSTRACT Aim This review intends to provide a brief overview regarding quorum sensing among bacteria in biofilms and also attempts to throw light on the new research focusing on interference with the quorum sensing. Background Dental plaque is an example of microbial biofilm leading to periodontal disease and dental caries. Quorum sensing is widely employed by a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species to coordinate various activities in biofilms. Quorum-sensing-interfering compounds have either a positive or a negative effect on the expression of bacterial phenotypes regulated by quorum sensing. These studies of bacterial quorum sensing have also suggested several ideal targets for drug design which can be promising in preventive and therapeutic aspects of periodontal diseases and dental caries. Results Studies have shown that periodontal disease and dental caries is caused by plaque biofilm bacteria. Quorum sensing is the means of communication between these bacteria to regulate a wide range of behavior patterns among them. The in vitro studies reviewed here have a vital role in opening up this field, because they reveal the basic machinery of cell—cell signaling in microbial communities. The signal machinery bacteria use to coordinate a variety of their activities is identified by these studies. Further, this review aims to discuss several natural and synthetic methods which were used for manipulating bacterial quorum sensing. Conclusion The future challenge lies in the ability of the dental research to develop additional mechanisms for interfering with bacterial quorum sensing which can be used as preventive and therapeutic tools for combating oral polymicrobial diseases. Clinical significance This article aims at reviewing the literature and helping us to understand the ways of communication among bacteria in biofilms, which further open up the prospects in the treatment of diseases caused by biofilms. How to cite this article Biradar B, Devi P. Quorum Sensing in Plaque Biofilms: Challenges and Future Prospects. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):479-485.

scholarly journals Features of dental status in senior schoolchildren depending on mineral composition of drinking water

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
L. A. Mozgovaya ◽  
E. Yu. Sivak ◽  
D. Yu. Sosnin ◽  
M. S. Gavrilenko ◽  
N. B. Fokina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Objective. Hygienic assessment of the quality of drinking water from two rivers, Kama and Chusovaya, which supply the city of Perm, was carried out. Water in them is different in mineral composition, but similar in terms of anthropogenic pollution. Materials and methods. Dental status was determined in 142 schoolchildren aged 15-17 years old, who use water from different sources. The concentration of total calcium and magnesium in the oral fluid was determined for all schoolchildren. Results. The study found that the degree of mineralization of drinking water affects the mineral composition of the saliva. Schoolchildren, who use drinking water of low mineralization, have a low concentration of calcium and magnesium in the saliva and a high intensity of dental caries. Schoolchildren, who use drinking water of increased mineralization, have a high concentration of calcium and magnesium in the saliva, a low intensity of dental caries and a high intensity of periodontal diseases due to an increased formation of tartar. Treatment and preventive measures, carried out among schoolchildren, included the drug Complivit, plates CM 1, low-intensity laser light. Conclusions. The effectiveness of treatment and preventive measures was determined by the activity of the oral fluid enzymes before and after the course of treatment.

scholarly journals Applications of green tea in dentistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 392-395
Author(s):  
Reethega L ◽  
Balaji Ganesh S ◽  
Geetha R V
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
The World

Tea is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. Majority of people consume black tea more than green tea. Green tea is prepared from the dry leaves of Camellia sinensis bush. The extent of oxidation of the leaves determines the type of tea prepared. Green tea is made from the un-oxidised tea leaves and is a type of less processed tea. Therefore, it contains the most number of antioxidants and beneficial phenols. These polyphenols prevent the acid production of bacterial species like Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, which are solely involved in the development of dental caries and periodontal diseases. Around 30 articles from Pubmed and other Scopus indexed journals were collected and the data was extracted from them. The articles were selected based on their relevance to the topic and characteristics. The review methods, applications of green tea in various systems, applications of green tea in dentistry and their risk and side effects were discussed. The above topics were discussed accurately and the data was selected accordingly. The topic was discussed to see whether green tea can be used in dentistry.

Surveying adherence of dental clinic patients to preventive measures in oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.

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