Effect of porosity and loading height on the performance of household LPG gas stoves

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892098702
Author(s):  
Shivam Teotia ◽  
Vinod Kumar Yadav ◽  
Shubham Sharma ◽  
Jagdish Prasad Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Optimum Height ◽  
Test Version ◽  
Gas Burner ◽  
International Workshop Agreement ◽  
Gas Stoves

In the present work, the effect of porosity and loading height on the performance of the domestic gas burners, using LPG as fuel, is studied extensively through experimentation. Water Boiling Test (Version 4.2.3) as per the recommendations of International Organization for Standardisation International Workshop Agreement (ISO-IWA) is adopted to determine the thermal efficiency of the domestic gas stove. It is observed that, by increasing the number of holes in intermediate and innermost rows by about 96% and 73%, the pitch gets reduced by 58% and 65% respectively. Due to increased porosity, the thermal efficiency in hot and cold phase is increased by about 30% and in simmer phase the thermal efficiency is increased by about 26%. In addition to this, it is also observed that there exists an optimum height for keeping the container over the gas burner (loading height) up to which the thermal efficiency increases and beyond that, the thermal efficiency drops significantly. The optimum loading height for cold and hot phase is 14.1, and 14.6 mm respectively for the LPG cookstove used in present work (1–3 kW). The thermal efficiency at cold and hot phase, while running the gas stove with stand (11.25 mm) is reduced by about 18.5 and 16.5% respectively compared to the optimum loading height of 14.1 and 14.6 mm respectively.

scholarly journals Performance Test of a Household Rocket Stoves Fired with Coconut Frond, Coconut Shell and Bamboo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Almuzakkir . ◽  
Muhammad . ◽  
Adi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
A Value

Fuel is something that is very important in everyday life. Almost every human being needs fuel to meet their needs and support their activities, for example cooking in household needs. Currently, fossil fuels or fuel oil (BBM) are still widely used to meet demand, however, it should be noted that fossil fuels or fuel oil (BBM) are non-renewable natural resources. The biomass rocket stove is one of the modern stove innovations that uses biomass energy as the main energy source. Rocket stoves are designed to increase fuel efficiency with thermal efficiency, a combination of the increased combustion efficiency and heat transfer associated with burning briquette fuel. The purpose of this research is to design and manufacture rocket stove fired with coconut and bamboo biomass for household needs as well as developing methods and equipment for performance testing of rocket stoves. In this study, several steps were carried out, including designing a rocket furnace, selecting biomass fuel and testing the performance of a rocket furnace. From the design of the biomass stove, it is noteworthy that the design with two holes makes the combustion air easily enters and makes combustion in the furnace more perfect and efficient. Water boiling test using three types of solid fuels with the cold start condition suggested that the highest thermal efficiency was coconut fronds with a value of 38% and the lowest thermal efficiency was found from coconut shell combustion, i.e. 22%. During hot start test, the highest thermal efficiency was obtained from coconut fronds firing with a value of 41%. Moreover, with simmer water boiling test method, firing the rocket stove with coconut fronds showed the highest thermal efficiency with a value of 37%. Keywords: Rocket Stoves, Coconut Fronds and Shells, Bamboo, Thermal Efficiency, .Water Boiling Tests.

The Effects of High Pressure Gas Burner Parameters on Thermal Efficiency for 2014 International Conference on Machining, Materials and Mechanical Technology (IC3MT)

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 729-734
Author(s):  
Suttikiat Srisathit ◽  
Panya Aroonjarattham
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Liquid Petroleum Gas ◽  
Gas Burner

The KB 5 high pressure gas burners are popularly and widely used at the food stands in Thailand. The gas burner models are of various properties depending on the each factory’s design. The differences of the designs affect the Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) consumption to a different extent. This study aimed to evaluate the parameters: the degrees of outer and inner ports; and the number of outer and inner ports of high pressure gas burners which are sold in Thailand. The thermal efficiency was tested with reference to the Standard Industrial stoves in household with liquid petroleum gas (TIS 2312-2549). The result showed that, by increasing the degrees of outer ports from 45 to 80, the thermal efficiency increased by 0.24%; while by increasing the degrees of inner ports from 50 to 60, the thermal efficiency increased 0.11%. By increasing the number of the outer ports from 35 to 38, the thermal efficiency increased 0.44%; while by increasing the number of inner ports from 9 to 15, the thermal efficiency increased by 0.22%. The development of high pressure gas burners should focus on adjusting the degrees and number of inner and outer ports for the overall improvement of the thermal efficiency.

scholarly journals Pengaruh dimensi kompor dan kadar air biomassa terhadap kinerja kompor gasifikasi forced draft

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Z Zulfansyah ◽  
H Hermanto ◽  
Muhammad Iwan Fermi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Forced Draft ◽  
Fuel Source

Influence of stove dimensions and biomass moisture content on forced draft gasification stove performanceConsumption level of biomass as a source of primary energy in Indonesia is quite high, reaching 280 million barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) and approximately 84% of the biomass is has been used for the household sector. The application of gasification stove especially in cooking purposes can increase the efficiency of fuel usage. This research uses three units gasification stove with variation of stove dimension. Acacia wood branches with moisture content 7.26%, 9.63% and 12.58% were used as fuel source. Water boiling test (WBT) procedural was used to evaluate the stove performance. Operating time and flame temperature of the stove also were the parameter of stove performance evaluation. Thermal efficiency of the forced draft gasification stove is approximately 25.03% to 30.44%, the most efficient is 12 cm in diameter and 16 cm high stove with 9.63% biomass moisture content. Although the resulting flame is still reddish yellow, the forced draft gasification stove is capable of producing up to 3.43 kWth (kilowatt thermal) thermal energy with the highest flame temperature reaches 933oC. The results show that the gasification stove operating conditions greatly affect the performance of the stove.Keywords: biomass, gasification stove, forced draft, thermal efficiency AbstrakTingkat penggunaan biomassa sebagai sumber energi primer di Indonesia cukup tinggi yaitu mencapai 280 juta setara barel minyak (SBM) dan sekitar 84% dari biomassa tersebut digunakan untuk kebutuhan sektor rumah tangga. Penggunaan kompor gasifikasi untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga khususnya untuk kegiatan memasak dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan bahan bakar. Pada penelitian ini digunakan tiga unit kompor gasifikasi dengan variasi dimensi ruang bakar kompor. Sedangkan bahan bakar yang digunakan yaitu ranting kayu akasia dengan kadar air 7,26%, 9,63% dan 12,58%. Metoda pengujian mengikuti prosedur water boiling test (WBT), selain itu waktu operasi dan temperatur nyala api juga menjadi parameter kinerja kompor gasifikasi yang dievaluasi. Efisiensi termal kompor gasifikasi forced draft yang dihasilkan yaitu 25,03% hingga 30,44%, dengan efisiensi tertinggi yaitu pada kompor berdiameter 12 cm dan tinggi 16 cm serta biomassa berkadar air 9,63%. Walaupun nyala api yang dihasilkan masih berwarna kuning kemerahan, namun kompor gasifikasi forced draft mampu menghasilkan energi termal hingga 3,43 kWth (kilowatt thermal) dengan temperatur nyala api tertinggi mencapai 933oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi operasi kompor gasifikasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja kompor sehingga disain kondisi operasi kompor perlu disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna kompor gasifikasi. Kata kunci: biomassa, kompor gasifikasi, forced draft, efisiensi termal

scholarly journals Watching the Smoke Rise Up: Thermal Efficiency, Pollutant Emissions and Global Warming Impact of Three Biomass Cookstoves in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Y. Obeng ◽  
Ebenezer Mensah ◽  
George Ashiagbor ◽  
Owusu Boahen ◽  
Dan Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Global Warming Impact ◽  
Improved Cookstove ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Wood Burning ◽  
Tier 3

In Ghana, about 73% of households rely on solid fuels for cooking. Over 13,000 annual deaths are attributed to exposure to indoor air pollution from inefficient combustion. In this study, assessment of thermal efficiency, emissions and total global warming impact of three cookstoves commonly used in Ghana was completed using IWA water boiling test (WBT) protocol. Statistical averages of three replicate tests for each cookstove were computed. Thermal efficiency results were: wood-burning cookstove 12.2% (Tier 0), traditional charcoal cookstove 23.3% (Tier 1-2) and improved charcoal cookstove 30% (Tier 2-3). The wood-burning cookstove emitted more CO, CO2 and PM2.5 than charcoal cookstove (coalpot) and improved cookstove. Emission factor for PM2.5 and emission rate for the wood-burning cookstove (Tier 0) were over four times higher than the traditional charcoal cookstove (Tier 3) and improved cookstove (Tier 2). On the basis of WBT, annual global warming impact potential for emissions are estimated at 4 tonnes of CO2e for the wood-burning cookstove, 1.5 tonnes of CO2e for charcoal cookstove (coalpot) and 1 tonne of CO2e for improved cookstove. We conclude that there is the need for awareness, policy and incentives to enable end-users switch to improved cookstoves for increased efficiency, reduced emissions/global warming impact.

scholarly journals Development and Performance Evaluation of an Improved Thermal Performance Wood Stove using Skirt

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
I. Ajunwa ◽  
C.O. Folayan ◽  
G.Y. Pam ◽  
S. Abubakar ◽  
M.J. Iorpenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Wood Stove ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
And Performance

The importance of heat energy source from wood to humanity cannot be over emphasised since many depend on it for their heating needs. In this work, a wood stove was designed, constructed and tested without a skirt and with a detachable skirt of height 120 mm (same height as the pot used for the experiment) to ascertain the influence of the skirt on the stove in terms of thermal performance in a water boiling test. Thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption were evaluated. It was found that the stove tested without a skirt gave an average thermal efficiency of 31.33% and an average specific fuel consumption of 0.14 kg/l. When tested with a skirt, however, the stove gave an average thermal efficiency of 38.65% and an average specific fuel consumption of 0.09 kg/l. This signifies an improvement in thermal performance by the use of skirt on the stove designed. Keywords: Humanity, Globally, Detachable-skirt, Thermal performance, Wood stove.

scholarly journals Design and Performance Evaluation of Rocket Stove for Cleaner Cooking in Rural Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassazin Ayalew Mekonnen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cook Stoves

Abstract Background:Many rural households in Ethiopia use traditional three-stone stove which has low energy efficiency and incurs indoor air pollution. Despite the fact that improved cook stoves design variability was seen between producers appears, they have received little or no promotion work to improvements over open fire stoves. The aim of this research work is manufacturing and experimentally testing of rocket stove to make sure that the new design provides a major improvement within the prevailing cooking practices.Method:The rocket stove was developed as per the Aprovecho Research Center (USA) design principle the article focused on investigating the thermal performance, the specific fuel and emission reduction potential of rocket stove as compared to the three-stone stove so as to confirm the duplicability. Water boiling test were conducted to investigate the performance of developed rocket stove and emission characteristics were investigated using portable Indoor Air Pollution (IAP) monitoring device. The parameters and protocols were adjusted as per the Aprovecho design principles.Results:The result revealed that the rocket stove has 29% thermal efficiency, 43% reduction in specific fuel consumption, 42% CO and 81% PM2.5 emission reduction as compared to the well-known utilized traditional three-stone stove in Ethiopia. The experiment revealed that, the rocket stove average emission is 1.8 µg/m3 CO and 10 µg/m3 PM2.5 respectively. The emissions characteristic of our stove satisfies the WHO indoor air quality standard.Conclusion:It can be concluded that the prototype rocket stove has a substantial improvement over the three-stone stove with regards to thermal efficiency, CO and PM2.5 emissions. Furthermore, the stove can be manufactured locally within required thermal efficiency and emission levels. Therefore, shifting to rocket stoves could reduce pressure on forests and mitigate indoor pollutants emission.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PHYSICAL AND COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF RICE HUSK BRIQUETTES PRODUCED USING DIFFERENT BINDING AGENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
J. Sani ◽  
T. Abubakar ◽  
M. Mawoli
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Water Boiling Test ◽  
Fixed Carbon Content

Briquettes samples were manually produced using a hydraulic press from rice husk using starch and gum Arabic resin as binders. The proximate analysis of the samples reveals that the briquette produced using starch binder has the moisture value (9.26±0.251), Ash (16.29±0.172), Volatile matter (64.17±0.306), and fixed carbon content of (9.55±0.502) respectively whereas the gum Arabic bonded briquette has the moisture value (10.68±0.214), Ash (19.89±0.775), Volatile matter (60.84±0.250), and fixed carbon content of (8.26±0.535) respectively. The physical characteristics of the samples shows that the starch bonded briquette has the compressive strength of (0.668± 0.012 N/mm2), density (0.68±0,028 g/cm3), ignition time (0.17±0.01 cm/s), afterglow (313±6.123 sec), and calorific value (10.35±0.135 MJ/Kg) respectively whereas the gum Arabic bonded briquette has the compressive strength of (0.559±0.031 N/mm2), density (0.575±0.031 g/cm3), ignition time (0.13±0.007 cm/s), afterglow (187±7.035 sec), and calorific value (9.47±0.095 MJ/Kg) respectively. Water boiling test shows that both the starch and gum Arabic bonded briquettes boil water to 1000C at 18 and 22 minutes respectively. The thermal efficiency of the briquettes during water boiling test shows that the starch bonded briquette has the highest thermal efficiency.

Thermal Efficiency of Domestic Cooking-Gas Burner Using Open-Cellular Porous Media in the Case of Varied Outlet Diameter of Mixing Tube

2019 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 357-362
Author(s):  
Bundit Krittacom ◽  
Suradech Sinjapo
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Porous Burner ◽  
Gas Burner

The domestic cooking-gas burner consumed the highest amount of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) not over 5.78 kW ( 280 mmH2O) based on Thailand Industrial Standard (TIS 2312-2549) is modified by using the open-cellular porous media. The Nickel-Chrome (Ni-Cr) with pores per inch (PPI) of 8.5 and porosity (ε) of 0.92 is selected as porous media. To investigate the performance of a new cooking-gas porous burner, three outlet diameters of mixing tube (Dout) between primary air and LPG, i.e., 27, 35 and 43 mm., are examined. The temperatures at bottom vessel (TV) and water (TW) are monitored. The exhaust gas (CO and NOX) is also observed. Thermal efficiency (η) of three modified burners are estimated in accordance with TIS 2312-2549. From the experiment, the TVis increased with Doutleading to the boiling time (t) of TWfor reaching to about 99°C (depend on TIS 2312-2549) in the case of Dout= 43 mm gives the fastest. The CO and NOXof all burners are not difference and are in relative low level: CO is in the range of 140 to 180 ppm and NOXis not over 70 ppm. The ηthis raised with increasing Doutin which yield as 47.53, 52.86 and 54.77% for Doutof 27, 35 and 43 mm., respectively.

scholarly journals Thermal Efficiency of Oxyhydrogen Gas Burner

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5526
Author(s):  
Roberto Moreno-Soriano ◽  
Froylan Soriano-Moranchel ◽  
Luis Armando Flores-Herrera ◽  
Juan Manuel Sandoval-Pineda ◽  
Rosa de Guadalupe González-Huerta
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Burner Surface ◽  
Hydrocarbon Combustion ◽  
Gas Burner

One of the main methods used to generate thermal energy is the combustion process. Burners are used in both industrial and residential applications of the open combustion process. The use of fuels that reduce polluting gas emissions and costs in industrial and residential processes is currently a topic of significant interest. Hydrogen is considered an attractive fuel for application in combustion systems due to its high energy density, wide flammability range, and only produces water vapor as waste. Compared to research conducted regarding hydrocarbon combustion, studies on hydrogen burners have been limited. This paper presents the design and evaluation of an oxyhydrogen gas burner for the atmospheric combustion process. The gas is generated in situ with an alkaline electrolyzer with a production rate of up to 3 sL min−1. The thermal efficiency of a gas burner is defined as the percentage of the input thermal energy transferred to the desired load with respect to a given time interval. The experimental results show a thermal efficiency of 30% for a minimum flow rate of 1.5 sL min−1 and 76% for a flow rate of 3.5 sL min−1. These results relate to a 10 mm height between the burner surface and heated container.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document