Deradicalisation and Disengagement from Terrorism and Threat to Identity: An Analysis of Former Jihadist Prisoners’ Accounts

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-251
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syafiq
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Former Prisoners ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Threats ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Interpersonal Level

This qualitative study aims to explore the personal experience of former prisoners jailed for terrorism-related offenses in Indonesia who have reported or have been reported as having deradicalised or disengaged from violent extremism. The participants were interviewed about their experiences of deradicalisation and disengagement and the perceived implication of the experiences on their identities. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and analysed using a thematic analysis. The results show that most participants reported that they experience identity threats because of their status as former terrorist prisoners from former comrades as well as from the wider society. The threats were said to have impacted negatively upon their positive sense of self; thus, they invoked the strategies to cope with the threats. While participants’ strategies to cope with former jihadist comrades’ threats operated in the intrapersonal level, their strategies to alleviate the threats from wider society occur in the interpersonal level. This study found that most participants re-evaluate their past experiences positively and even utilised them as a part of their present identities primarily when they dealt with former comrades’ criticisms. To resist the wider society’s stigma and suspicion, they concealed their identity as a former terrorist prisoner while, at the same time, bolstered their personal characteristics in terms of interpersonal relationships.

scholarly journals Healthcare Professionals Experience of Psychological Safety, Voice, and Silence

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róisín O'Donovan ◽  
Aoife De Brún ◽  
Eilish McAuliffe
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Psychological Safety ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Voice And Silence

Healthcare professionals who feel psychologically safe believe it is safe to take interpersonal risks such as voicing concerns, asking questions and giving feedback. Psychological safety is a complex phenomenon which is influenced by organizational, team and individual level factors. However, it has primarily been assessed as a team-level phenomenon. This study focused on understanding healthcare professionals' individual experiences of psychological safety. We aim to gain a fuller understanding of the influence team leaders, interpersonal relationships and individual characteristics have on individuals' psychological safety and their decisions to engage in voice or silence behavior. Thirty-four interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals from across five teams working within an acute, suburban hospital. Hybrid inductive-deductive thematic analysis focused on identifying themes which captured the complexities of individuals' varied experiences of psychological safety. The themes identified were: “Personal Characteristics,” “Past Experiences,” “Individual Perceptions of Being Valued,” and “Judged Appropriateness of Issues/Concerns.” These themes are explored within the context of motivating and inhibiting factors associated with the influence of leadership, interpersonal relationships and individual characteristics on experiences of psychological safety and voice behavior. These results extend existing theoretical frameworks guiding our understanding of psychological safety by accounting for the variation in individuals' experiences and studying these significant influences on voice behavior. Important considerations for the development of interventions to enhance psychological safety are discussed.

Reframing the Narrative

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-132
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Johnson ◽  
Barbara Thelamour ◽  
Sudha Sankar ◽  
Radosveta Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Future Orientations ◽  
Family Closeness

The authors apply a positive youth development (PYD) approach to examine self-descriptors of Roma adolescents in domains of positive self-appraisal, self-knowledge and goals, and positive interpersonal relationships. They first quantitatively explore the relationships among self-esteem, ethnic identity, and self-description domains, then use qualitative content analysis to explore youths’ sense of self across domains including future orientations, relationships, and personal characteristics. Intragroup comparisons of self-esteem revealed more positive, less critical self-references among youth with high self-esteem. Additionally, youth with higher ethnic identity scores invoked more descriptors that involved culture or group differences. Despite experiences of isolation and negative self-evaluation, self-descriptors also depicted a deep sense of family closeness and meaningful friendships with peers. The conclusions of this study underscore the existence of positive self-systems among Roma youth despite complex life challenges.

Organization of Individual Counselling of Children Brought up in Foster Families (on the example of the «Family» Centre»)

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Aygul Fazlyeva ◽  
Aliya Akhmetshina
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Individual Counseling ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
Individual Counselling ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Children, brought up in foster families, experience various problems (diffi culties in interpersonal relationships with parents, diffi culties in communicating with peers, emotional instability), which lead to confl icts, quarrels, running away from home, destructive phenomena, etc. One of the eff ective forms of working with children brought up in foster families is individual counselling. Individual counselling is used by various specialists (psychologists, educators, psychotherapists), where a special place is taken by a social educator. His or her activity involves the implementation of social-protective, preventive, educational, informational, advisory functions. In the process of organizing individual counseling, the social educator takes into account the social situation of the family and the child, personal characteristics, social conditions, social and cultural characteristics and the nature of the relationship with the social environment. To organize individual counseling, a social educator needs to master various and eff ective techniques, and take into account a number of recommendations. An analysis of the literature and practical socio-pedagogical experience led to an understanding of the insuffi cient degree of elaboration of this issue. The purpose of this article was the solution to this problem.

scholarly journals Masculinities in Transit: The Voices of Motorcyclists

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Johanna Burbano-Valente ◽  
Martin Emilio Gafaro-Barrera ◽  
Angelica Paola Torres-Quintero ◽  
María Teresa Dominguez-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Social Interventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Expression Evidence ◽  
In Transit

This paper reports on the construction of masculinities in the narratives of 11 motorcyclists in Valledupar – Colombia. The aim was to establish the ways masculinities are expressed and recreated by motorcycle riders and the importance of motorcycles in these expressions. To do this, semistructured interviews were conducted to search for the evolution of their personal stories as men and on their relationship with motorcycles. We found that their masculinities are currently “in transit”: they vary from hegemonic manifestations to peripheral masculine ways of expression. Evidence of these transits can be grouped around four emerging categories: risk behavior, amusement settings, sexual expression and roles in public and private settings. Results show that, in some of these categories, the hegemonic patriarchal masculine logic prevails, especially through risky behaviors and motorcycle riding. However, other disruptive ways of expressing masculinities were found, motivated by the social transformations in equality policies, changes in interpersonal relationships and the participants’ own experiences. Supporting the transition process of masculinities is a large responsibility in social interventions seeking for a more equitable and fair society.

scholarly journals Technology Adaptivity Mediates the Effect of Technology Biography on Internet Use Variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Seifert ◽  
Stefan T Kamin ◽  
Frieder R Lang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Path Model ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Activities ◽  
Past Experiences

Abstract Background and Objectives Increasing numbers of older adults use the internet, but relatively little is known about the range and determinants of different online activities among older internet users. This study explores the interplay between technology-related biographical experiences and subjective technology adaptivity to explain the variability of internet use. Older adults who report having had more biographical experiences with technologies were expected to use a greater range of online activities. In addition, subjective technology adaptivity was expected to serve as a mediator of this relationship. Research Design and Methods The analyses are based on a sample of 707 community-dwelling older participants of the University of the Third Age between 60 and 95 years of age (mean age = 72.49 years; 48% female) who use the internet. The measures include self-reports of online activities, technology-related biographical experiences, subjective technology adaptivity, and personal characteristics (age, gender, education, income, living-together status, and subjective health). Correlations and a path model with mediator effects were used to explore the research hypothesis. Results The bivariate effects on the variability of internet use showed that study subjects participated in a greater range of online activities when they lived together with other people and were male, younger, and had higher levels of subjective technology adaptivity, technology-related biographical experiences, and educational level. The direct effects on the mediator show higher levels of subjective technology adaptivity for people who reported greater technology-related biographical experiences and for those who reported higher levels of subjective health. Discussion and Implications The results show that the positive association between people’s past experiences with and stances toward technology in their own lifetimes and their range of diverse internet activities is mediated by subjective technology adaptivity. The findings also help to illustrate which biographical factors and which current individual factors explain differences in actual online behavior.

Motherhood, Sport Leadership, and Domain Theory: Experiences from New Zealand

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Leberman ◽  
Farah Palmer
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Domain Theory ◽  
Organizational Resistance ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Sport Leadership ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Interpersonal Level

Mothers’ voices are often silent in leisure and sport literature. This research used domain theory (Layder, 1997, 2006) to highlight the varied social domains that influence the experiences of nine women as mothers and sport leaders in New Zealand. Semistructured interviews were conducted and analyzed for themes using Hyper-RESEARCH. The findings suggest that potential constraints regarding sport leadership included guilt, exhaustion and stress, social disapproval and organizational resistance to the presence of children in sport settings. These women negotiate these potential constraints and manage their multiple identities with passion for sport and leadership, strong support networks, and specific integrating/compartmentalizing strategies to create work-family-leisure balance. The participants accentuated the mutual benefits of motherhood and sport leadership for themselves and for those they influence, while focusing on changes they can bring about at the personal and interpersonal level. Organizational and institutional change was less forthcoming, but a critical mass of mothers in some sport settings was slowly creating a desire for change.

scholarly journals 2010

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginta Gedžūne ◽  
Inga Gedžūne
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
School Climate ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Educational Setting ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Social Causes

2010This study explores pre-service teachers' views on the features and causes of social exclusion in the context of educational unsustainability. The data from expert questionnaires, assessment of research participants' personal experience with social exclusion in educational setting, their current understanding of the problem and individual suggestions for solving it were analysed qualitatively. The results indicate that, in teachers' opinion, social exclusion in education can be caused by subjective and objective factors – pupils' personal characteristics, school climate, parental influence and social causes. The research participants particularly emphasise teacher's role in reducing pupils' social exclusion by adhering to values, such as fairness, equality, empathy, cooperation and respect. The research results highlight the need for addressing the issue of social exclusion in teacher education programmes by raising future teachers' awareness of the problem and their responsibility to overcome it.

scholarly journals Exploring Park Director Roles in Promoting Community Physical Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Marsh ◽  
Kathryn Pitkin Derose ◽  
Deborah A. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Administrative Burden ◽  
Community Interaction ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
And Training

Background:Parks provide numerous opportunities for physical activity (PA). Previous studies have evaluated parks’ physical features, but few have assessed how park staff influence PA.Methods:We conducted semistructured interviews with 49 park directors, focusing on perceptions of their role, park programs, marketing and outreach, external collaborations, and PA promotion. Directors also completed a questionnaire providing demographics, education and training, and other personal characteristics.Results:Park directors’ descriptions of their roles varied widely, from primarily administrative to emphasizing community interaction, though most (70% to 80%) reported offering programs and community interaction as primary. Including PA in current programs and adding PA-specific programs were the most commonly reported ways of increasing PA. Also noted were facility and staffing improvements, and conducting citywide marketing. Many directors felt inadequately trained in marketing. Most parks reported community collaborations, but they appeared fairly superficial. An increasing administrative burden and bureaucracy were recurring themes throughout the interviews.Conclusions:Staff training in marketing and operation of PA programs is needed. Partnerships with health departments and organizations can help facilitate the PA promotion potential of parks. As there are competing views of how parks should be managed, standardized benchmarks to evaluate efficiency may help to optimize usage and PA promotion.

Finding the Patient within: Managing the Transitions from Student Nurse, to Patient, to Nurse Therapist

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Bracey
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Nursing Student ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mental Health Nursing ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Severe Psychopathology ◽  
Analytic Training

The author recounts elements in her stay at a Therapeutic Community that enabled her as a mental health nursing student, to overcome resistance to acknowledging her own vulnerabilities. Reflecting on that experience, she identifies the qualities that professionals who experience `life on the other side' may emerge with, and the resultant benefits. The author focuses, finally, on her struggle to integrate the experience of having been labelled with severe psychopathology into her sense of self as she moves along a career path through the role of Nurse Therapist and on to group-analytic training, addressing the need for a more inclusive approach to validating such personal experience as something that might valuably inform clinical practice.

scholarly journals Psychological features of the formation of jury prejudice against the defendant

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Diana Beloded ◽  
Ilya Minenko
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
Psychological Pressure ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
The Individual

This article provides a theoretical analysis of the conditions and specifics of the consideration of criminal cases with the participation of jury. The aspect of the provision of psychological influence by the participants in the trial on the jury by means of a system of psychological techniques that form the prejudice of the jury against the defendant is disclosed. Currently, the selection of candidates for jurors does not include psychological evaluation criteria. But, in order to avoid making erroneous decisions by the jury, they need to be prepared to confrontation psychological pressure from opposite sides, to teach them the ability to resist manipulation. During the trial the defense and prosecution parties try to form the attitude of the jury towards the defendant, which corresponds to their position. The methods of forming the convictions of jurors correspond to the modern direction of applied psychology. The degree of awareness of the jury about the evidence examined and the rules for its assessment is a cognitive condition for overcoming the formation of the necessary conviction in the jury, because the defendant and the prosecutor and defense parties of the trial use manipulative techniques as methods of influence, mechanisms of covert control: deception, intimidation, etc. It is advisable, prior to participating in a trial, to give the jury the foundations of the psychological knowledge they need. At the same time, it is hardly realistic, in the existing normative conditions, to form their knowledge of the general laws of the functioning of mental processes, the characteristics of the individual’s activity and his personal characteristics that determine the productivity of the implementation of mental cognitive processes in the framework of a specific situation that has legal significance. But you can pay special attention to the emotional stability of the individual, aggressiveness, introversion, rigidity in the spheres of interpersonal relationships and the resolution of difficult situations of professional activity.

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