scholarly journals The Role of Differentiation of Self Dimensions in the Anxiety Problems

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Jessica Lampis ◽  
Stefania Cataudella ◽  
Roberta Speziale ◽  
Samara Elat
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Differentiation Of Self ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anxiety Group ◽  
Multigenerational Family ◽  
Therapeutic Services ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Emotional Cutoff

Bowen’s multigenerational family theory emphasizes the importance of autonomy and interdependence in individual development and focuses on the role played by the differentiation of self processes on the psychological health at the individual, dyadic, and systemic levels. Starting from these premises, the main objective of our investigation was to explore the differences, in the levels of anxiety and differentiation of self, between a control group ( n = 69) and a sample of adults seeking therapeutic services for anxiety ( n = 47). To better specify our results, in a second step, we also explored which of the differentiation of self dimensions could increase or reduce the likelihood that an individual belonged to the anxiety group or to the control group. We found that lower levels of I-position, and higher levels of emotional cutoff and fusion with others, display higher levels of anxiety-related problems. Moreover, emotional cutoff and fusion with other traits emerged as a predictor of the probability of seeking support for anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Exploring the Role of Dermatoglyphics in Learning- A Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-303
Author(s):  
Charu Dhankar
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Intelligence ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Methods Of Learning ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Acquisition Method

The nature nurture issue has been an important debate in all aspects of the individual development. According to Jensen’s heritability ratio, hereditary has an impeccable influence in the development process. Based on these, dermatoglyphics has been used in the present case study in order to observe the innate potential of an individual, to give parents an insight into their child’s hidden potential and to groom them effectively. The present case study is confined to the acquiring methods and unique quotients of the subject. The findings of the study revealed the unique quotients of the subject and the best suitable acquisition method for the subject.  Aim/Purpose: To test the methods of learning and unique quotients of the subject with the help of Dermatoglyphics Multiple Intelligence Test DMIT.  Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-2, issue-3: 301-303 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i3.12651 

scholarly journals The role of language in psychiatric treatment in the French Romantic Age: A note on Dr Laurent Cerise

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Starobinski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Moral Treatment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
19Th Century France ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

SYSNOPSISAt the beginning of the 19th century France had many experts on the ‘moral treatment of insanity’. Very few of them, however, applied their experience and theories to the role of language in the development of behaviour from childhood on, in the pathogenesis of mental disorders, and in psychotherapy. To Dr. Louis Cerise, one of the founders of the Annales Médico-Psychologiques, belongs the great distinction of formulating a theory which tried to take account of the necessary contribution of language to individual development. In his book Des Fonctions et des Maladies Nerveuses (1842), he put forward a view of the relationship between the individual and society. His concept of ‘the goal of activity’ still merits our attention.

scholarly journals The Role of Predisposition to Hallucinations on Non-Clinical Paranoid vs. Socially Anxious Individuals after Hearing Negative Affective-Laden Sounds: An Experimental Investigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Lopes ◽  
José Pinto-Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Anxiety Group ◽  
Self Reports

Background:Research suggested that negative affective-laden sounds act as environmental stressors that elicit negative affect (Bradley and Lang, 2000a).Aims:We tried to test for the role of an interaction between predisposition to hallucinatory experiences and exposure to negative affective laden sounds for the presence of paranoid ideation.Method:We used an experimental design that followed the vulnerability × stress model. We defined three groups from a sample of students: paranoia group vs. social anxiety group vs. control group. Their psychological characteristics were measured through self-reports of paranoia, anxiety, predisposition to hallucinations and depressive symptoms at Time 1 (before the experiment). Participants had to listen to either negative affective laden sounds (e.g. screaming) or positive affective laden sounds (e.g. sound of ocean waves). Their paranoid ideation and positive vs. negative emotional reactions to sounds were measured through self-reports at Time 2 (after the experiment).Results:Data showed that the paranoia group presented more serious psychological vulnerabilities than the social anxiety group. A MANCOVA also showed that the independent variables (“group” and “experimental sound conditions”) had statistically significant main effects on general paranoia ideation at Time 2. Furthermore, there was a significant three-way interaction between group x predisposition to hallucinatory experiences × experimental condition of sounds for the presence of general paranoid ideation at Time 2. Limitations included the small sample size and the effects of parasite variables, e.g. noise.Conclusions:Individuals’ predisposition for hallucinatory experiences increases the probability of possessing paranoid ideation. This tendency is a characteristic of paranoid non-clinical individuals.

scholarly journals Technical and Vocational Education (TVE): Role in Individual and National Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 213-215
Author(s):  
Salma Amin
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Educational Foundation ◽  
Technical And Vocational Education ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
National Growth

This paper focuses on understanding the role of Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) in individual development by gaining better employment and higher earnings. It further explores the relationship between Technical & Vocational Education and the growth of national economy. Technical and Vocational Education is the form of education that consists of training all necessary skills required for profitable employment as well as acquisition of basic educational foundation. TVE enables the individual to gain all necessary skills and competencies for employability which affect the national growth and development

scholarly journals Role of CBT Intervention on Adjustment of Patients with OCD

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxmi Narayan Rathore ◽  
Jai Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
The Individual

Obsessions and Compulsions are integral part of OCD that shares a life time prevalence of around 2%-3%. This disorder causes debilitating effect in patient’s overall psycho-social functioning leading to poor adjustment ability with day to day life situations, which further add-on to the stress level of the individual and increases burden on family and society. This calls for timely management. Literature favors use of CBT intervention in managing symptoms severity in OCD. Present study attempts to look its role on adjustment level of such patients. Pre and post intervention with a control group design were made to conduct this study involving 20 OCD patients. Patients were equally divided in two groups where one group was given intervention with CBT sessions for 10 weeks. Pre and post intervention assessment was done using YBOCS and Bell Adjustment Inventory (Hindi form) and results were compared. Obtained data indicates significant changes in YBOCS and adjustment inventory scores, in the intervene group. Finding reveals that CBT has a role in improving the adjustment level in daily living of OCD patients along with remission of the primary symptoms.

scholarly journals Research on the Role of Humor in Well-Being and Health: An Interview With Professor Arnie Cann

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnie Cann ◽  
Nicholas A. Kuiper
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Specific Topic ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Comedy Film ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Personality Construct

In this interview, Dr. Arnie Cann discusses his research and views on the ubiquitous role of humor in psychological health and well-being. The interview begins with Professor Cann recounting how he originally became interested in studying humor. He then reflects on the main findings associated with the wide variety of humor-related studies he has conducted over the years. In doing so, Dr. Cann provides suggestions and ideas for further research investigating the role of humor in health and well-being. Specific topic areas discussed include the use of humor in the workplace and other social domains, personality approaches to humor, humor and interpersonal processes, humor and psychopathology, and humor’s role in dealing with stress and well-being. One of the prominent themes in this interview is the clear recognition of sense of humor as a multi-dimensional construct that includes various components that may either be beneficial or detrimental to well-being. A further important theme is the major distinction between humor as an inherent personality construct versus humor that results from exposure to stimuli (e.g., a comedy film). Comments are also provided by Dr. Cann on how the positive affect stemming from humor may be of particular benefit to the individual. Also discussed is the recent move to more fully integrate contemporary humor research with positive psychology approaches. The interview concludes with Dr. Cann providing several recommendations regarding future theorizing and research on the role of humor in psychological well-being.

scholarly journals Cytogenetic effects among workers exposed to formaldehyde. The possible role of some polymorphisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Ghelli ◽  
V Bellisario ◽  
M Buglisi ◽  
E Cocchi ◽  
R Bono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchanges ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Formaldehyde (FA) is a human carcinogen. It is commonly used in diluted form as formalin. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) as a consequence of the exposure to FA in a hospital setting, taking into account the role of some polymorphisms in developing genotoxic damage. Methods CAs and SCEs assays were performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 57 pathologists enrolled in Turin hospitals (Italy) and 48 unexposed enrolled as controls. All subjects were genotyped for CYP1A1 exon 7 (A>G), CYP1A1*2A (T>C), CYP2C19*2 (G>A), GSTT1 (Positive/Null), GSTM1 (Positive/null), GSTP1 (A>G), XRCC1 (G399A), XRCC1 (C194T), XRCC1 (A280G), XPD (A751C), XPC exon 15 (A939C), XPC exon 9 (C499T), TNFα -308 (G>A), IL10 -1082 (G>A), IL10 -819 (C>T) and IL6 -174 (G>C) gene polymorphisms. Due to the little number of recessive homozygotes, we compared the dominant genotype with the combined group of heterozygotes and recessive homozygotes. Results Among pathologists, the mean value of personal air-FA was 64.2 µg/m3, mean significantly higher (p = 0.000) than controls (19.1 µg/m3). Similarly, pathologists showed significantly higher values of SCEs (p = 0.009) and CAs (p = 0.000) with respect to controls. In the same group, CYP2C19*2 (p = 0.011), XRCC1 (G399A) (p = 0.007), and IL10 (-1082) (p = 0.042) gene polymorphisms influenced the CAS levels, as well as those of CYP1A1 exon 7 (p = 0.010), XPD A751C (p = 0.002), XPC C499T (p = 0.040), and IL10 (-819) (p = 0.005) the levels of SCEs. In control group, CAs resulted significantly lower in CYP1A1 exon 7 dominant homozygotes (p = 0.001). Conclusions Our study confirms the role of FA as an inductor of genotoxicity, even when, daily, workers are exposed to low FA levels. Some genetic polymorphisms seem to have an influence in modulating the effect of FA exposure, highlighting, in occupational health studies, the role of the individual susceptibility. Key messages FA exposure is confirmed to be a genotoxicity inductor even at low concentrations. Some genetic polymorphisms seem to have a role in the modulation of FA exposure-related damage.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training on Anxiety Reduction as well as Improvement of Life Quality and Perceived Academic Control of Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceived Academic Control ◽  
Academic Control ◽  
The Individual

Background and Aims: Student life has its challenges although it offers new opportunities for the individual. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness training on reducing anxiety and improving the quality of life as well as perceived academic control of students. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The population of this study consisted of 40 students who were identified through anxiety, quality of life, and perceived academic control questionnaires. They were then randomly assigned to the case (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. The experimental group was subjected to eight 2-h mindfulness training sessions for two months. On the other hand, the control group received no pieces of training. It should be mentioned that the posttest sessions were administered for both groups. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: The results showed that the implementation of mindfulness training sessions had a significant effect on reducing anxiety (P<0.001) and improving quality of life (P<0.001) as well as perceived academic control (P<0.001) in students. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it is recommended that mindfulness training be provided to develop and promote students` psychological health

scholarly journals HLA Haplotype Association with Celiac Disease in Albanian Pediatric Patients from Kosovo

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Atifete Ramosaj-Morina ◽  
Marija Burek Kamenaric ◽  
Mehmedali Azemi ◽  
Lidvana Spahiu ◽  
Zorana Grubic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hla Dq ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hla Haplotypes ◽  
The Given ◽  
Hla Dq2

Genetic predisposition to celiac disease (CD) is strongly associated with the presence of HLA alleles in the individual genotype encoding HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 heterodimers. The main aim of this study was to analyze the HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, and -DQ allele and five-locus haplotype frequencies in 60 Albanian pediatric CD patients and 124 non-CD children from Kosovo. The most prevalent haplotype in patients was the ancestral AH 8.1 haplotype present in 22.5% of the cases compared to 2.8% of the controls (P<0.0001). Additionally, two other haplotypes were also overrepresented in patients (HLA-A∗02~B∗50~DRB1∗07~DQA1∗02:01~DQB1∗02:02 and HLA-A∗68~B∗44~DRB1∗07~DQA1∗02:01~DQB1∗02:02). Analysis showed that 95.0% of CD patients and 43.3% of controls were carriers of HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 heterodimers. The most frequent CD-predisposing HLA-DQ haplotypes in patients were HLA-DQ2.5 (46.7%) and HLA-DQ2.2 (11.6%), while the most prevalent genotypes were HLA-DQ2.5/DQX (58.3%) and HLA-DQ2.5/DQ2.2 (20.0%). The frequency of the HLA-DQ8 heterodimer among CD patients (4.2%) compared to the control group (8.1%) was without statistical significance. The given data demonstrate differences in the distribution of HLA haplotypes among Albanian CD patients from Kosovo in comparison to other European and non-European populations, as well as provide additional population data to supplement the thus far undisputed importance of the role of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 heterodimers in the development of CD.

THE INDIVIDUAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF MOTORIC COMPONENTS OF THE MNEMIC PROCESSING OF INFORMATION BY PILOT-CADETS

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
D. Volkov ◽  
K. Kravchenko ◽  
V. Bilichenko
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Military Institute ◽  
The Military ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Permanent Increase

Unlike many other professions the activity of pilots is conducted under conditions of pretty high risks to perish because ofaccidents, malfunctions and catastrophes. Throughout the history of development of aviation, the overwhelming amount ofaccidents and catastrophes has been connected with the constructive peculiarities of hardware, malfunctions of equipment andthe unreliability of flying devices. Currently, despite the significant process in terms of perfection of aviation hardware, aimed atthe increase of reliability of its exploitation, there’s a permanent increase in human victims and increase in material losses as aresult of accidents and catastrophes. This eventually leads to the fact that specialists address more and more not the issue oftechnical reliability of the flying device, but more about the role of the human factor in terms of security while piloting, and in thisregard special interest is demonstrated to a number of issues that are related to the individual-psychological peculiarities ofbehavior under extreme conditions when performing pilot activities.The article presents the results of an empirical research, that is conducted on the basis of the Kharkiv Ivan Kozhedubnational Air Force university, The Military Institute of the Kyiv Taras Shevchenko University and the The DniepropetrovksNational Oles Honchar University. The empirical research has been conducted with the following: an experimental group – of 32cadets – pilots of the third and the fourth courses, a control group that consisted of cadets from the fourth course (50individuals) and students of the fourth course (50 individuals).In order to conduct that necessary research a number of psycho diagnosis approaches have been selected: the testquestionnaireG. Ajzenka EPI, adapted by A. Schmelevij; the Diagnosis questionnaire “Human-machine”; the approach ofconducting express diagnosis of the peculiarities of the nervesystem based on the psychmotorical indicators E, Ilina (tepingtest);the psychomotoric test “Zero” E, Ilina, adopted by D. Volkov.

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