Linking Perceptions of the Community to Behavior: Are Protective Social Factors Associated with Physical Activity?

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Brennan ◽  
Elizabeth A. Baker ◽  
Debra Haire-Joshu ◽  
Ross C. Brownson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Community Environment ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Relationship Of

Although the relationship of psychosocial factors to physical activity has been explored, there is increased interest in how perceptions of the community environment influence behavior.However, few methodological studies have incorporated perceptions of the social and community environment (protective social factors) or addressed key measurement issues.Computer-assisted telephone interviews were administered to a national sample of 1, 818 U.S.adults.Unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted odds ratios were calculated to compare active and inactive participants by Protective Social Factors (PSF) scores and selected sociodemographics. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis suggested strong PSF scale psychometric properties (• =. 92). After adjustment for potential confounders, a 10-point rise in the PSF score resulted in a 12% increased likelihood of meeting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American College of Sports Medicine recommendations. Additional analyses indicated that greater perceived PSFs were associated with meeting these recommendations among Whites but not among African Americans.

scholarly journals Social determinants and other aspects associated with rheumatic diseases in the Brazilian population: a cross-sectional study based on the National Health Survey (PNS2013).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clécio Gabriel Souza ◽  
Marcelo Cardoso Souza ◽  
Hugo Jario Silva ◽  
Sanderson Assis ◽  
Diego Sousa Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Social

Abstract Background: Rheumatic diseases are increasingly present in the world population, represented by chronic joint and musculoskeletal pain. Among them, osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent. It is considered the third most prevalent chronic non-communicable disease in the Brazilian population, being responsible for a high rate of physical disability and reduced quality of life. Little has been discussed about the social factors associated with this health condition. This study aimed to analyze the social factors associated with arthritis in the Brazilian population.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the 2013 National Health Survey in Brazil with arthritis as its main outcome. Sex, age, body weight, usual activities, physical activity, self-perceived health and diagnosis of depression were analyzed as independent variables. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Poisson multiple regression was performed, and the prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence interval (CI) of 95% were calculated using a significance level of 5% (p≤0.05).Results: A total of 60,202 individuals of both sexes took part in this study and the rheumatic diseases or arthrtitis prevalence was 6.4%. The individual factors associated with a higher prevalence of arthritis were female (PR = 2.09; CI = 1.95-2.25), age over 35 years (PR = 2.88; CI = 2.57-3.24) and excess body weight (PR = 1.61; CI = 1.25-2.07). The presence of rhemautic diseases showed an association with lower performance of usual activities (PR = 1.61; CI = 1.50-1.73) and self-perceived health as very poor (PR = 3.96; CI = 3.31-4.72). In addition, it was associated with a higher prevalence of mental illnesses such as depression (PR = 1.77; CI = 1.64-1.90).Conclusion: Social and modifiable factors which are associated with a higher prevalence of arthritis can be controlled through incentive measures such as social participation and physical activity.

The Biosocial Basis OF Mental Retardation, by Sonia F. Osler and Robert E. Cooke. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1965, 151 pp., $5.50

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 986-986
Author(s):  
Robert B. Kucel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Relationship Of

With the increasing interest in mental retardation more articles, monographs, and books appear on the subject. The Biosocial Basis of Mental Retardation is a collection of seven essays originally delivered at the John Hopkins Hospital. Although pediatricians have turned their attention in mental retardation mostly to the biological components of mental retardation, there is a growing awareness that social and psychological factors also play a significant role. The interrelationship of biological and social factors is virtually an unchartered sea. The several authors who originally presented these essays are attempting to highlight some of the social factors and, where appropriate, to point out how some of the social features relate to biological ones. For example, the well known relationship of the high incidence of prematurity in low socioeconomic group families is a fact most pediatricians know but the implication of this fact as far as prevention is concerned is a large and important concern and as yet poorly understood. With the increasing amount of federal interest in programs for low income families, many pediatricians will want to become better informed about the implications. Some of these points are considered in the chapter by Janet Hardy. For the person concerned with medical remedies for mental retardation, there will be little of interest in this book. On the other hand, for those who are anxious to know more about social and psychological factors as they relate to mental retardation, this is a very useful and fascinating compendium of articles. Particularly intriguing are the articles by Eli Ginzberg who discusses the mentally handicapped in an increasingly technological society.

scholarly journals Reliability and validity of a physical activity social support assessment scale in adolescents - ASAFA Scale

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Cazuza de Farias Júnior ◽  
Gerfeson Mendonça ◽  
Alex Antonio Florindo ◽  
Mauro Virgilio Gomes de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Factorial Invariance ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Social Support Scale

Objective: To analyze the reliability and validity of a scale used to measure social support for physical activity in adolescents - ASAFA Scale. Methods: This study included 2,755 adolescents (57.6% girls, 16.5 ± 1.2 years of age), from Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. Initially, the scale was consisted of 12 items (6 for social support from parents and 6 from friends). The reliability of the scale was estimated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α), by the Composite Reliability (CR), and by the model with two factors and factorial invariance by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) adequacy. Results: The CFA results confirmed that the social support scale contained two factors (factor 1: social support from parents; factor 2: social support from friends) with five items each (one item was excluded from each scale), all with high factor loadings (> 0.65) and acceptable adjustment indexes (RMR = 0.050; RMSEA = 0.063; 90%CI: 0.060 - 0.067); AGFI = 0.903; GFI = 0.940; CFI = 0.934, NNFI = 0.932). The internal consistency was satisfactory (parents: α ≥ 0.77 and CR ≥ 0.83; friends: α ≥ 0.87 and CR ≥ 0.91). The scale's factorial invariance was confirmed (p > 0.05; Δχ2 and ΔCFI ≤ 0.01) across all subgroups analyzed (gender, age, economic class). The construct validity was evidenced by the significant association (p < 0.05) between the adolescents physical activity level and the social support score of parents (rho = 0.29) and friends (rho = 0.39). Conclusions: The scale showed reliability, factorial invariance and satisfactory validity, so it can be used in studies with adolescents.

scholarly journals Analysis of Social Aspects Associated with Osteoarthritis in the Brazilian Population: A Cross-sectional Study Based on the National Health Survey in Brazil (PNS 2013).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clécio Gabriel Souza ◽  
Marcelo Cardoso Souza ◽  
Hugo Jario Silva ◽  
Sanderson Assis ◽  
Diego Sousa Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Social

Abstract Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered the third most prevalent chronic non-communicable disease in the Brazilian population, being responsible for a high rate of physical disability and reduced quality of life. Little has been discussed about the social factors associated with this health condition. This study aimed to analyze the social factors associated with OA in the Brazilian population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the 2013 National Health Survey in Brazil with OA as its main outcome. Gender, age, body weight, usual activities, physical activity, self-perceived health and diagnosis of depression were analyzed as independent variables. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Poisson multiple regression was performed, and the prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence interval (CI) of 95% were calculated using a significance level of 5% (p≤0.05). Results: A total of 60,202 individuals of both genders took part in this study and the OA prevalence was 6.4%. The individual factors associated with a higher prevalence of OA were female gender (PR = 2.09; CI = 1.95-2.25), age over 35 years (PR = 2.88; CI = 2.57-3.24) and excess body weight (PR = 1.61; CI = 1.25-2.07). The presence of OA showed an association with lower performance of usual activities (PR = 1.61; CI = 1.50-1.73) and self-perceived health as very poor (PR = 3.96; CI = 3.31-4.72). In addition, it was associated with a higher prevalence of mental illnesses such as depression (PR = 1.77; CI = 1.64-1.90). Conclusion: Social and modifiable factors which are associated with a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis can be controlled through incentive measures such as social participation and physical activity.

Psychometric Properties and Analysis of the Physical Activity Social Influence Scale for Adults with Traumatic Brain Injuries

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Driver
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Intraclass Correlations ◽  
Post Hoc

The study consisted of (a) assessing the validity and reliability of the Social Influence Scale (SIS) for adults with brain injuries and (b) examining the types and sources of social influence and demographic variables that affect participants’ physical activity behaviors. Three confirmatory factor analyses, intraclass correlations, and a repeated measures MANOVA were completed on responses from 402 adults with brain injuries. Results provide evidence of the validity and reliability of the SIS, and post hoc analyses revealed that participants reported receiving different types of social influence from family, friends, and caregivers. Findings have implications for specialists and suggestions are provided on ways to enhance the physical activity participation of adults with brain injuries.

scholarly journals “In my day…”- Parents’ Views on Children’s Physical Activity and Screen Viewing in Relation to Their Own Childhood

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Solomon-Moore ◽  
Lydia G. Emm-Collison ◽  
Simon J. Sebire ◽  
Zoi Toumpakari ◽  
Janice L. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Outdoor Play ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Independent Mobility ◽  
Neighbourhood Environment ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Screen Viewing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

Physical activity and screen viewing are associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors, psychological wellbeing, and academic performance among children. Across the last generation, children’s physical activity and screen viewing behaviours have changed, coinciding with changes to the home and neighbourhood environment. This study aimed to qualitatively explore parents’ views on their 8–9-year-old child’s childhood and how this compares to experiences from their own childhood, with a specific focus on physical activity and screen viewing behaviours. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 51 parents (mean age = 41.2 years, range 31.5 to 51.5 years), between July and October 2016. Inductive and deductive content analyses were used to explore parents’ perceptions of their child’s physical activity and screen viewing behaviours in comparison to their own childhood behaviours. Interview data revealed that compared to the relative freedom they recalled as children, parents restrict their children’s independent mobility and outdoor play due to concerns about safety. Despite their children having greater access to structured activities than they did as children, parents feel their children are “missing out,” and perceived their own childhood as better with regards to maximising independent and outdoor play and limiting screen viewing. Innovative strategies are needed to change the social norms surrounding children’s independent mobility and outdoor play.

Biosocial correlates of asthma in a national sample of young adults

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernice A. Kaplan ◽  
C. G. N. Mascie-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
National Child Development Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Smoking Patterns

SummaryAs the participants in the 1958 National Child Development Study cohort enter adulthood most of the social factors associated with onset of asthma are no longer relevant, but many of the biological factors continue to be important. There is a continuing association at age 23 between eczema, hayfever and similar allergic reactions and continuing asthma, while the earlier associated social factors including non-manual occupations, home ownership, and lack of crowding within the home or sharing of the bedroom with others in the household cease to have significant effects. Smoking patterns in this age group diverge sharply from what might be expected in those with a serious respiratory affliction: significantly more asthmatics smoke than would be expected at random.

scholarly journals Code Choices Used by the Society in the Event of Halal Bi Halal Tradition: An ethnographic Study in Boyolali 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Sigit Haryanto ◽  
Rini Fatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Language Choices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of

Language, culture, and society are three things that cannot be separated. The intertwining among them are reflected in halal bi halal tradition. This annually tradition mainly uses Javanese language as a main central of social communication. Two common codes that used by the participants in conducting the event are krama and ngoko.  The participants when choosing the codes, of course, are influenced by the social factors. Dealing with this, the aim of this study is finding the language choices use and the factors that affect the participants selecting the codes. This ethnographic study used participant observation in collecting the data. Then, the collected data were analyzed by theory of social dimension proposed by Holmes. The results of the study showed that (1) the language choices use are (a) Javanese krama, (b) Javanese ngoko, (c) mixture of Javanese and Arabic, (d) mixture of Javanese, and Arabic, and Indonesian, and (e) Indonesian and Indonesian and (2) the factors that affect the language choices are   (a) the social relationship of the participants, (b) the setting of the event, (c) the formality of the vent, and (d0 the function for the event. As a conclusion, code choices that happen in halal bi halal tradition are commonly affected by social factor or nonlinguistic factor.  

scholarly journals El Edificio B de Tell el-Ghaba como un caso de estudio para repensar la dinámica de la unidad doméstica en el Egipto antiguo

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-216
Author(s):  
Silvia Lupo ◽  
◽  
Eva A. Calomino ◽  
Agustina Scaro ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Tell el-Ghaba, located at the Egyptian Eastern border of the Nile Delta and close to the extinct Pelusiac branch of the Nile, is a settlement dated to the beginning of the Third Intermediate-early Saite periods. The pottery contexts and other finds recovered in Building B (Area I, Level IV) allow us to infer the relationship established between their residents and the domestic artifacts they handled on a daily basis. The idea of ‘multifunctionality’ is applied to the use of residential spaces, based on the presence of domestic contexts that point to the performance of a variety of activities. The activities within the room were intimately linked to internal social factors as well as to the relationship with outdoor space, both planned according to certain social expectations. This building would have been the residence of an extended family for several generations, as evidenced by several refurbishments. The ceramic group has been mainly associated with storage activities, consumption and preparation of food, conservation, and transport of liquid and solid substances. From these activities and the relationship of Building B’s inhabitants with the materiality with which they interacted on a daily basis, the social and economic dynamics that would have been established in this household is analysed.

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