scholarly journals Does fear mediate the neuroticism-psychopathology link for adults living through the COVID-19 pandemic?

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117955732110699
Author(s):  
Sherman A. Lee ◽  
Mary C. Jobe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Single Item ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
The Relationship

Background COVID-19 has globally increased psychological distress. Although research has shown a clear link between neuroticism and psychopathology, pandemic fears—manifesting as fear of death and coronavirus anxiety, have not been examined as mediating factors for explaining this connection during the pandemic. Methods Therefore, to fill this void in the literature, this study examined 259 U.S. MTurk adult workers in May 2020 using an online questionnaire. The study used the Patient Health Questionnaire, the 8-item Big Five Inventory neuroticism subscale, a single-item fear of death measure, and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale as well as collected demographic information to perform correlational and meditation analyses. Results The results showed that both coronavirus anxiety and fear of death partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety. The results also found that those high in trait neuroticism who were fearful of death or had coronavirus anxiety showed heightened levels of depression and general anxiety. Conclusion This study’s findings were consistent with previous research and current work on pandemic-related distress. In addition, the results of these findings can help bring to light the connectedness of these psychopathological constructs with fears surrounding the pandemic—which can be useful to both researchers and mental health professionals alike.

scholarly journals Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hungarian Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9565
Author(s):  
Csanád Szabó ◽  
Judit Pukánszky ◽  
Lajos Kemény
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Patient Health

We aimed to explore psychological effects of the coronavirus pandemic on Hungarian adults in the time of the national quarantine situation in May 2020.We conducted a cross-sectional observational study with the use of an anonymous online questionnaire that consisted of 65 items. The following measuring instruments were used: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10); The General Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD)-2; The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2; European Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS); Self-administered inventory of complaints (Hungarian questionnaire); Shortened (Hungarian) version of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire; 2 open-ended questions to examine the participants’ mood and ways of coping during the pandemic. The data of 431 participants were analyzed, their average age was 47.53 ± 11.66 years, and the percentage of females was 90%. The mean of participants’ scores were the following: 19.34 ± 7.97 for perceived stress, 73.05 ± 21.73 for health status, and 8.68 ± 4.65 for neurotic complaints. Thirty-four and one-tenth percent of participants were depressed, 36.2% were anxious, and they tended to use problem-focused coping strategies more frequently than emotion-focused ones. We found significant correlations between all of the seven examined psychological variables. Our results highlight the importance of stress management in the psychological support of healthy adults in quarantine situation caused by the coronavirus pandemic.

Relationship among Four Big Five Measures of Different Length

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 312-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Single Item ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between three short measures of the Big Five. 100 participants completed the 60-item NEO-FFI, the 10-item Personality Inventory, the 5-item Single-Item Measure of Personality, as well as estimating their own NEO-FFI score. Correlations varied from r = .30 to .75. Concerns and advantages of short measures are discussed.

scholarly journals The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms of pregnant and non-pregnant women during the COVID-19 epidemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjie Zhou ◽  
Hui Shi ◽  
Zhengkui Liu ◽  
Songxu Peng ◽  
Ruoxi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading worldwide, with a staggering number of cases and deaths. However, available data on the psychological impacts of COVID-19 on pregnant women are limited. The purposes of this study were to assess the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms among pregnant women, and to compare them with non-pregnant women. From February 28 to March 12, 2020, a cross-sectional study of pregnant and non-pregnant women was performed in China. The online questionnaire was used to collect information of participants. The mental health status was assessed by patient health questionnaire, generalized anxiety disorder scale, insomnia severity index, somatization subscale of the symptom checklist 90, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist-5. Totally, 859 respondents were enrolled, including 544 pregnant women and 315 non-pregnant women. In this study, 5.3%, 6.8%, 2.4%, 2.6%, and 0.9% of pregnant women were identified to have symptoms of depression, anxiety, physical discomfort, insomnia, and PTSD, respectively. However, the corresponding prevalence rates among non-pregnant women were 17.5%, 17.5%, 2.5%, 5.4%, 5.7%, respectively. After adjusting for other covariates, we observed that pregnancy was associated a reduced risk of symptoms of depression (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.12–0.45), anxiety (OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.16–0.42), insomnia (OR = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.06–0.58), and PTSD (OR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.04–0.53) during the COVID-19 epidemic. Our results indicate that during the COVID-19 epidemic in China, pregnant women have an advantage of facing mental problems caused by COVID-19, showing fewer depression, anxiety, insomnia, and PTSD symptoms than non-pregnant women.

scholarly journals Who Is Willing to Engage in Social Gatherings During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Lockdown? A Curvilinear Relationship Between Age and Heuristic Processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Wang ◽  
Siyue Li
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Heuristic Processing

BackgroundThe Chinese government implemented a lockdown to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic during the Chinese Lunar New Year when people have the tradition to visit families and friends. Previous research suggested that heuristic processing increased risky behavioral willingness (e.g., desire to have social gatherings despite the pandemic) and that people’s tendency to use heuristic processing varied across different adulthood stages. This study thus investigated the relationships among age, heuristic processing of COVID-19-related information, and the willingness to have social gatherings during the lockdown.MethodsA sample of 1,651 participants was recruited from an online crowdsourcing platform between January 31 and February 04 in 2020, with a mean age of 30.69, 47.9% being women. Participants completed an online questionnaire about heuristic processing of COVID-19-related information, willingness to engage in social gatherings during the lockdown, age, and other demographic information.ResultsAge was found to have a U-shaped curvilinear relationship with heuristic processing, and heuristic processing was positively correlated with the willingness to have social gatherings. Further analyses showed that heuristic processing curvilinearly mediated the relationship between age and the willingness to have social gatherings.ConclusionCompared with young adults, emerging and older adults are more likely to engage in heuristic processing, which in turn, increases the willingness to have social gatherings. Heuristic processing serves as an underlying mechanism to explain the relationship between age and risky behavioral willingness.

Evaluating the Factors (Stress, Anxiety and Depression) Affecting the Mental Health Condition of Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 016327872110626
Author(s):  
Oğuz Işık ◽  
Dilaver Tengilimoğlu ◽  
Nurperihan Tosun ◽  
Aysu Zekioğlu ◽  
Onur Tengilimoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Mental Health Condition ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Household Members

This study aimed to determine the depression, anxiety and stress levels that have negatively impacted nurses’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample group of 826 nurses working in Turkey were asked to fill in an online questionnaire in order to evaluate their psychological responses and the related factors that have adversely affected their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, 696 nurses (84.3%) showed symptoms of depression, 644 (78%) reported anxiety and 543 (65.74%) reported stress. This study also highlighted that the most concerning factor for the nurses was the risk of transmitting the COVID-19 infection to their household members (89.2%). The most important problems faced by the nurses during COVID-19 included equipment shortages (50.7%), administrative problems (38.5%) and issues such as accommodation and nutrition (27.4%). These were found to have a statistically significant correlation with the nurses’ levels of depression, anxiety and stress. The fear of losing a household member, the inability to their household’s social needs and the fear of death were among the factors that concerned nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, significantly affecting their levels of depression, anxiety and stress. Taking the necessary measures to deal with the aforementioned problems and fears is important to protect the health, productivity and efficiency of nurses during the pandemic period.

Association Between Social Media Use and Depression Among University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Hidayah Sallehuddin ◽  
Rezki Perdani Sawai ◽  
Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohd Faizal Kasmani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Social Media Addiction ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Children's Emotion ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
The Relationship

The most widely used social media such as Twitter, Instagram and Facebook have changed the way we communicate with others especially amongst youth. It has been a major part of such activities in their lives. However, the most alarming situation is that youth are mostly students. It has been identified that those who spent more time online have evidenced more symptoms of depression. On that note, this study concerns to (i) identify the level of depression and (ii) to find out the relationship between social media and depression among them who are among undergraduate students. In order to retrieve the data, a set of questionnaire was distributed to 150 students of local university in Malaysia, that consists of three sections which are demographic information, Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form (SMAS-SF) and Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Edition (BDI-II). There were two variables analyzed using Pearson correlation test. In short, the result showed that there is a correlation between social media and depression, r=0.199, n=150, p=<0.01. From this finding, it depicts that social media is significantly related and have positive relationship to depression among students involved. This study also provides such valuable information for counsellors and lecturers to identify students who have suffered depression and could help them to manage the problem. It also creates awareness among parents to be more alert with their children’s emotion.

scholarly journals Association between Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Depression among Middle-income Country Adults: Evidence from National Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-204
Author(s):  
Eduardo Lattari ◽  
Andreza Jesus Costa Pascouto ◽  
Bruno Ribeiro Ramalho Oliveira ◽  
Livia Soares Silva ◽  
Aldair José Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income Country ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study assessed the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and depression in adults. Methods: A total of 52,611 individuals aged between 18-59 years old were evaluated for symptoms of depression and CRF. The presence of depressive symptoms was self-report through the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the CRF was predicted from a non-exercise equation. The association between CRF and the presence of depression was determined by crude and multivariable-adjusted logistic regressions. Results: The associations were identified between symptoms of depression and CRF in both unadjusted and adjusted models. After adjusting for age categories, sex, body mass index categories, educational level, marital status, smoking, and alcohol use, the individuals with moderate CRF had 18% lower odds of depression (OR: 0.82, CI 95%: 0.71 – 0.95) compared to individuals with low CRF. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are inversely related to CRF levels in adults.

scholarly journals Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Rare Diseases during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3234
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Sánchez-García ◽  
Jonathan Cortés-Martín ◽  
Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque ◽  
Ana Eugenia Marín-Jiménez ◽  
Maria Montiel-Troya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Patient Health

Scientific knowledge on depression and anxiety in patients with rare diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic is scarce; however, it is essential to perform comprehensive management of these patients. The aim of this study was to research how the situation caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has influenced the lives of patients with rare diseases regarding depression and anxiety. This Spanish study considered a heterogeneous population sample of 86 patients with confirmed diagnosis of different rare diseases. Participants took part in a cross-sectional online study by completing specific questionnaires on the study topic. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was used for evaluating anxiety. Data collection through an online questionnaire allowed for a greater population scope and therefore the inclusion patients of other nationalities in the study sample. Finally, as a general result, this study found that, in the face of the pandemic, anxiety and depression remained at a higher level in this group than in the general population, making these patients a vulnerable population group.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

The Two Components of Social Desirability and their Relations to Resting Frontal Brain Asymmetry

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia A. Pauls ◽  
Jan Wacker ◽  
Nicolas W. Crost
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Incentive Motivation ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Frontal Brain ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Α Band

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between resting frontal hemispheric asymmetry (FHA) in the low α band (8-10.25 Hz) and the two components of socially desirable responding, i.e., self-deceptive enhancement (SDE) and impression management (IM), in an opposite-sex encounter. In addition, Big Five facets, self-reports of emotion, and spontaneous eye blink rate (BR), a noninvasive indicator of functional dopamine activity, were assessed. SDE as well as IM were related to relatively greater right-than-left activity in the low α band (i.e., relative left frontal activation; LFA) and to self-reported positive affect (PA), but only SDE was related to BR. We hypothesized that two independent types of motivational approach tendencies underlie individual differences in FHA and PA: affiliative motivation represented by IM and agentic incentive motivation represented by SDE. Whereas the relationship between SDE and PA was mediated by BR, the relationship between SDE and FHA was not.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document