scholarly journals Helicopter parenting and alcohol use in adolescence: A quadratic relation

2021 ◽  
pp. 145507252110090
Author(s):  
Jessica Pistella ◽  
Stefano Isolani ◽  
Mara Morelli ◽  
Flavia Izzo ◽  
Roberto Baiocco
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Helicopter Parenting ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviours ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: Research has underscored that an excessively intrusive parental style, defined as helicopter parenting, could be a risk factor for maladaptive behaviours in youth, including alcohol use and drug consumption. However, such at-risk behaviours have also been associated with low levels of parental involvement and warmth. Thus, the relationship between parental involvement and at-risk behaviours in adolescents is not clear. The purpose of the current study was to identify the relation between helicopter parenting and alcohol use in a sample of Italian youth. Design: The participants were 402 adolescents (233 female) between the ages of 14 and 19 years ( M age= 17.20, SD = 1.66). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine linear, quadratic, and exponential models and to verify which model best described the correlation. Results: The results showed a quadratic correlation between mothers’ helicopter parenting and alcohol use, whereby higher and lower levels of mothers’ helicopter parenting were associated with adolescents’ alcohol use. Conclusions: The empirical data are essential for improving our understanding of the implications and potential outcomes of helicopter parenting during adolescence.

Socialization of Children's Playground Skill

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Butcher
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Parental Perceptions ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
The Relationship

This study analyzed the relationship between playground skill (measured on the Playground Skills Test) and several socialization variables, including opportunities for practice and parental involvement with playground play (measured on a parents' questionnaire). Data were collected for 64 children (24 girls, 40 boys), ages 7 to 9 years. Descriptive statistics were presented for availability of playground equipment, frequency of playground play outside of school hours, and amount of parental involvement. Playground proficiency was not related to frequency of playground play or to direct parental support (attendance and assistance while child was at a playground). Parental perceptions of a child's skill and attempts at risk-taking were significantly correlated with playground proficiency. A regression analysis of all socialization variables showed that the only significant predictor of playground proficiency was a child's risk-taking attempts.

scholarly journals Loneliness and its Aftermath

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
N Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unpleasant Experience

Loneliness can be deemed as a social deficiency. Loneliness discloses the relationship between the desired and achieved a level of social interaction. Loneliness is not linked with social isolation, solitude, or aloneness. When low levels of social contact are desired, they may be experienced as positive. Loneliness is associated with mental illness. Loneliness is an emotionally unpleasant experience. It causes dissatisfaction, unhappiness, and depression. Anxiety, emptiness, boredom, restlessness, and marginality are the offshoot of loneliness. Divorce and the breakup of dating relationships are all associated with loneliness. Physical separation from family and friends drives one at risk for loneliness. Retirement, unemployment, and reduced satisfaction may also precipitate loneliness.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Substance Use Among University Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zackaria Niazi ◽  
Danielle Dick ◽  
Amy Adkins ◽  
Megan Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Parental Involvement ◽  
University Students ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Autonomy Granting ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Parenting styles are important in the behavioral development of adolescents. The environment created by the parent, in regards to communication with their child and level of independence given to their child, may influence the child’s susceptibility to risk behaviors. This study examines the relationship between parenting style and substance use among university students. We hypothesized that university students exposed to lower levels of autonomy granting (AG) or parental involvement (PI) parenting styles would have an increased likelihood of alcohol and nicotine use. We also hypothesized that religiosity, parental education level, ethnicity, and gender would act as moderators of parenting styles and alcohol and nicotine use. Data from a diverse university-wide sample was collected in the fall semester of the student’s freshman year from 2011-2014 (N = 9889, 61.5% female). Results demonstrated that AG had a significant, negative association with alcohol use (B = -0.033, p = 0.006) and nicotine use (B = -0.066, p <0.001). All moderators were found to be significant predictors of alcohol use, however only father education level demonstrated a borderline significant moderation of the relationship between PI and alcohol use. Religiosity, Black race, Asian race, and gender were found to be significant predictors of nicotine use. Only gender moderated the association between PI and nicotine use. Even though alcohol and nicotine use and AG were associated, our results indicate that once students enter university, previous parenting style does not have a strong effect on alcohol and nicotine use behaviors in our sample. KEYWORDS: Parenting Styles; University Students; Risky Behaviors; Autonomy Granting; Parental Involvement; Alcohol; Nicotine; Drug; Behavioral Biology; Substance Use

scholarly journals Is it enough to put yourself in another’s shoes? Reflections about the relationship between empathy and prosocial behaviour

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Eleonora Pizzi
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
Empathic Ability ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviours ◽  
The Relationship

Empathy is the ability to understand another one’s mental states in terms of emotions and thoughts. In the pubblic mind, often, this skill is directly related to the ability to act in a prosocial, or moral, way. Clinical literature shows us that some neural deficits and psychological disorders can actually cause a significant lack of empathic ability and therefore the implementation of socially maladaptive behaviours, even criminal. However, there are also some diagnostic categories characterised by failure to “put yourself in another’s shoes”, but patients don’t usually act in an antisocial way; then, not all the criminals meet the criteria for psychiatric diagnosis. So, the question is: only low levels of empathy leads to antisocial behaviours? And if so, does therapeutic interventions for empathic skill entail moral enhancement? The present work aim to answer to all those issues through a multilevel and cross-discilplinary analysis of psychology, neurosciences and philosophy literature.

scholarly journals The Mediating Effects of Protective Behavioral Strategies on the Relationship between Addiction-Prone Personality Traits and Alcohol-Related Problems among Emerging Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1814
Author(s):  
Raquel Nogueira-Arjona ◽  
Kara Thompson ◽  
Athena Milios ◽  
Alyssa Maloney ◽  
Terry Krupa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Protective Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Alcohol Use ◽  
The Relationship

Alcohol consumption and associated harms are an issue among emerging adults, and protective behavioral strategies (PBS) are actions with potential to minimize these harms. We conducted two studies aimed at determining whether the associations of at-risk personality traits (sensation-seeking [SS], impulsivity [IMP], hopelessness [HOP], and anxiety-sensitivity [AS]) with increased problematic alcohol use could be explained through these variables’ associations with decreased PBS use. We tested two mediation models in which the relationship between at-risk personality traits and increased problematic alcohol use outcomes (Study 1: Alcohol volume; Study 2: Heavy episodic drinking and alcohol-related harms) was partially mediated through decreased PBS use. Two samples of college students participated (N1 = 922, Mage1 = 20.11, 70.3% female; N2 = 1625, Mage2 = 18.78, 70.3% female). Results partially supported our hypotheses, providing new data on a mechanism that helps to explain the relationships between certain at-risk personality traits and problematic alcohol use, as these personalities are less likely to use PBS. In contrast, results showed that AS was positively related to alcohol-related harms and positively related to PBS, with the mediational path through PBS use being protective against problematic alcohol use. This pattern suggests that there are other factors/mediators working against the protective PBS pathway such that, overall, AS still presents risks for alcohol-related harms.

What Does Human Development Index Rating Mean in Terms of Individualism/Collectivism?

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Sotelo ◽  
Luis Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

The authors explore an alternative way of analyzing the relationship between human development and individualism. The method is based on the first principal component of Hofstede's individualism index in the Human Development Index rating domain. Results suggest that the general idea that greater wealth brings more individualism is only true for countries with high levels of development, while for middle or low levels of development the inverse is true.

Ups and downs on the roller coaster of task conflict: the role of group cognitive complexity, collective emotional intelligence and team creativity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Andreea Gheorghe ◽  
Oana Fodor ◽  
Anișoara Pavelea
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Task Conflict ◽  
Team Creativity ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Explanatory Mechanism ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores the association between task conflict and team creativity and the role of group cognitive complexity (GCC) as a potential explanatory mechanism in a sample of 159 students organized in 49 groups. Moreover, we analyzed the moderating effect of collective emotional intelligence (CEI)in the relationship between task conflict and GCC.As hypothesized, we found that task conflict has a nonlinear relationship with GCC, but contrary to our expectations, it follows a U-shaped association, not an inversed U-shape. In addition,the moderating role of CEI was significant only at low levels. Contrary to our expectation, the mediating role of GCC did not receive empirical support. Theoretical and practical contributions are discussed.

Age and marital status predictors of binge alcohol use among adults with major depressive episode

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areen Omary
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Never Married ◽  
At Risk Populations

Aims: This study aims to examine if age and marital status can predict the risk for binge alcohol use (BAU) among adults with a major depressive episode (MDE). Methods: Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) 2018 National Survey for Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were analyzed. The unweighted sample included 6,999 adults representing a weighted population size of 33,900,452.122 in the US. Results and Conclusions: The findings of this retrospective research confirmed that age and marital status significantly predicted BAU in the past month among adults with MDE. Adults with MDE at higher risk for BAU were adults under the age of 50, adults who were never married, and adults who were divorced/separated. Special attention must be paid to those in age groups under 50, never married, and have been separated/divorced who are particularly at-risk for future alcohol abuse. Future research should consider examining additional potential confounders for BAU among other at-risk populations.

The Democratic Costs of Constitutionalization— The European Case

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Grimm
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
European Law ◽  
European Court ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the democratic costs of constitutionalization by focusing on the European case. It first considers the interdependence of democracy and constitutionalism before discussing how constitutionalization can put democracy at risk. It then explores the tension between democracy and fundamental rights, the constitutionalization of the European treaties, and the European Court of Justice’s (ECJ) two separate judgments regarding the relationship between European law and national law. It also assesses the impact of the ECJ’s jurisprudence on democracy, especially in the area of economic integration. The chapter argues that the legitimacy problem the EU faces is caused in part by over-constitutionalization and that the remedy to this problem is re-politicization of decisions with significant political implications.

Illicit Economies and Political Violence in Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence P. Markowitz ◽  
Mariya Y. Omelicheva
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Drug Trade ◽  
Weak States ◽  
Collaborative Relationships ◽  
Organized Violence ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Terrorist Violence

This chapter examines low levels of terrorist violence in Muslim-majority societies. Studies of terrorism have tended to view the relationship between religion and violence through the narrow lens of security, thereby overpredicting the extent of terrorist violence across societies. After reviewing the various explanations for terrorist violence, and applying them to Central Asia, this chapter explores the conditions under which a state’s involvement in illicit economies—specifically its collusion in the drug trade—can dampen levels of terrorist violence. Combining quantitative analysis (including GIS-enabled tools) with a series of in-depth expert interviews conducted in Central Asia, it emphasizes the complex political economy of security that defines infrastructurally weak states, where political and security apparatuses are often immersed in informal and illicit economies. This approach helps uncover the complex links between religion and organized violence, where state apparatuses are often drawn into collaborative relationships with nonstate actors.

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