scholarly journals Perceiving education from Facebook profile pictures

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael V. Reiss ◽  
Milena Tsvetkova
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Outdoor Activities ◽  
Online Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Profile Pictures ◽  
Better Than

Our upbringing and education influence not only how we present and distinguish ourselves in the social world but also how we perceive others. We apply this central sociological idea to the social media context. We conduct a large-scale online study to investigate whether observers can correctly guess the education of others from their Facebook profile pictures. Using the binomial test and cross-classified mixed-effects models, we show that observers can assess the education of depicted persons better than chance, especially when they share the same educational background and have experience with the social media. We also find that posting pictures of outdoor activities is a strong signal of having higher education, while professional photographs can obscure education signals. The findings expand our knowledge of social interaction and self-expression online and offer new insights for understanding social influence on social media.

scholarly journals The performance of publicness in social media: tracing patterns in tweets after a disaster

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Communication ◽  
Stable Set ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale Analysis ◽  
The Social

This article sets out to contribute to the critical understanding of public communication in social media by studying the use of Twitter after a severe earthquake in Aotearoa New Zealand in 2011. It also sets out to contribute to methodologies for studying this particular kind of publicness. It argues that the contours of the ‘social imaginary’ of the public, which are usually so hard to delineate and can be approached only in fragments or typical form, can be identified a little more clearly in the traces that people leave behind in their social media communication at critical, reflexive moments such as in the aftermath of disaster. The article draws on computer-assisted discourse analysis, specifically a corpus-linguistic-informed analysis of half a million tweets, in order to describe four main public discursive moves that were prevalent in this form of public communication. This is not to claim to describe a stable set of norms, but in fact the reverse. The article suggests that empirical, large-scale analysis of public communication in different situations, media and places opens up a project in which the varying norms of public communication are described and critiqued as they emerge in a range of discursive situations.

Social Media News Classification in Healthcare Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1215-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiaz Majeed ◽  
Muhammad Waqas Asif ◽  
Muhammad Awais Hassan ◽  
Syed Ali Abbas ◽  
M. Ikramullah Lali
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Health News ◽  
Related Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Better Than

The trend of news transmission is rapidly shifting from electronic media to social media. Currently, news channels in general, while health news channels specifically send health related news on social media sites. These news are beneficial for the patients, medical professionals and the general public. A lot of health related data is available on the social media that may be used to extract significant information and present several predictions from it to assist physicians, patients and healthcare organizations for decision making. However, A little research is found on health news data using machine learning approaches, thus in this paper, we have proposed a framework for the data collection, modeling, and visualization of the health related patterns. For the analysis, the tweets of 13 news channels are collected from the Twitter. The dataset holds approximately 28k tweets available under 280 hashtags. Furthermore, a comprehensive set of experiments are performed to extract patterns from the data. A comparative analysis is carried among the baseline method and four classification algorithms which include Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (J48). For the evaluation of the results, the standard measures accuracy, precision, recall and f-measure have been used. The results of the study are encouraging and better than the other studies of such kind.

Kernels for Longitudinal Data with Variable Sequence Length and Sampling Intervals

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2390-2420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengdong Lu ◽  
Todd K. Leen ◽  
Jeffrey Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Generative Models ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Sequence Length ◽  
Better Than

We develop several kernel methods for classification of longitudinal data and apply them to detect cognitive decline in the elderly. We first develop mixed-effects models, a type of hierarchical empirical Bayes generative models, for the time series. After demonstrating their utility in likelihood ratio classifiers (and the improvement over standard regression models for such classifiers), we develop novel Fisher kernels based on mixture of mixed-effects models and use them in support vector machine classifiers. The hierarchical generative model allows us to handle variations in sequence length and sampling interval gracefully. We also give nonparametric kernels not based on generative models, but rather on the reproducing kernel Hilbert space. We apply the methods to detecting cognitive decline from longitudinal clinical data on motor and neuropsychological tests. The likelihood ratio classifiers based on the neuropsychological tests perform better than than classifiers based on the motor behavior. Discriminant classifiers performed better than likelihood ratio classifiers for the motor behavior tests.

Social antecedents and consequences of political privacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2352-2369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Racial Background ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences

Using a national sample in the United States ( n = 1047), we test the social stratification of (1) political disclosure and (2) its effects on one’s decision to connect into and disconnect from communities, as indicated by friendship or follower status. The analysis poses larger questions about the function of social media in bringing together diverse communities and explores how one’s political disclosure is (1) affected by social backgrounds and (2) affects the characteristic of mediated social interactions. We found that political disclosure and racial background had the interactive relationship in influencing one’s social connection. Frequent social media use, on the other hand, was not associated with the disclosure of political viewpoints. We discuss the implications of how socialization might incubate the differential effects among social segments, as well as the mixed effects of social media on the users from different communities.

scholarly journals Testing and Analyzing the Accuracy of Websites by Automated Scanner

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2103-2108
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Security ◽  
The Social ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Better Than

According to the research on “scanning the vulnerabilities in websites using automation technique”the tool was only scanned those website which have the vulnerabilities in it, we reviewed the tool one more time and scanned more websites for monitoring the accuracy of the scanner and changed some parameters for diverse results [1]. Whenever it comes to the online security, this phrase “precaution is better than a cure” suits the situation in today’s life. People have some laziness or they may be naive for this because they do not know that they could be hacked anytime that’s why they need to be secure every time even on social media. Instead of the social media account there are many websites which could also be hacked easily. So, this tool/scanner is being updated and getting more accurate day by day so once we will know about the problems (flaws) of the websites then we could easily make them (websites) secure.

scholarly journals Exploring the Benefit of Blogs Dependency for Assessing Students’ Intellectual Achievement

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Imran Ademola Adeleke ◽  
Ismail Olaniyi Muraina
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Paper Test ◽  
Traditional Assessment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intellectual Achievement ◽  
Teacher's Knowledge ◽  
Better Than

Blogs stand out among many social media that allows teacher and students to maintain a running dialogue in various aspect of the teaching and learning process. It comes in form of thoughts, ideas, tests, short-works/homework and assignment to enhance interactivity between the teacher’s knowledge base and students’ comments and reflections. This paper promotes the use of blogs in assessing students’ intellectuals while comparing the use of blogging for assessment as well as the use of traditional assessment. The study stresses scoring on paper versus scoring on blogs, students that we're able to complete their visitation of the blogs were noted to enjoy and benefit greatly compare to those that could not finish theirs and whether the performance of male bloggers may be different from that of female bloggers. 45 students involved in this study from among degree students of Achievers University. The research study was done within a semester. The achievement test was the major instrument used to collect data from the same students that were exposed to two different tests (Paper Test/Traditional Test and Blogging Test) after proper classroom teaching. The results got were analyzed using mean, SD and T-test statistics. From the findings, it was succinctly shown that the scores of students engaged in blogs far better than when they initially tested traditionally. In the same trend, those students that completed their test on blogs demonstrated high performance than their counterparts that could not. Further, the results also made it crystal clear that students were distributed equally on blogging regardless of their gender differences. The findings from the interview conducted established the fact that the use of a blog for assessment saves student time, the distance for learning and having quick result as feedback. The student has a high interest in the use of a blog for academic purposes rather than only the social affairs of the student. The paper contributes to the existing knowledge by turning blogs as social media into academic media that can foster the academic achievement of students and can also be used to assess students better than traditional assessment.

scholarly journals Motivations for Virtual Community Participation in Social Commerce: Customers and Sellers in the Malay Lifestyle Blogging Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Syahida Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Social Commerce ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
The Social

<p>Although the field of social commerce has gained a lot of attention recently, there are many areas that still remain unexplored. A new phenomenon emerging within virtual communities is a blurring between social and commercial activities. To date, scholars in the social commerce literature have either focused on customers in the community or on medium to large scale businesses. There has been little research on social commerce communities which include micro-businesses despite their rapid growth in South East Asian countries.  This study explores a social commerce community of Malay lifestyle bloggers, who are a subset of the Malaysian blogosphere community. Bloggers begin by using the personal genre, some then move on to set up online businesses using their personal blogs as a platform. The characteristic of blogging’s ease of use means there are low barriers to starting a small business, merging blogging and commerce. This changes the nature of the community by bringing in a new relationship, as well as relationships between bloggers and readers, there are now also relationships between sellers and customers.  This study aims to understand the motivations for both sellers and customers, and how their relationships as bloggers and readers influence their participation in social commerce within the same community. To address the research objective, 20 sellers and 21 customers who also play a role as bloggers or readers were interviewed. In-depth interviews using laddering and semi-structured interview techniques were carried out to explore social commerce behaviour, the perceived consequences, and goals or values of participation. In addition, observation was also conducted on the platform used by the sellers. Data was coded using NVivo whilst the themes arising from the coding process were transformed into an implication matrix and hierarchical value map using Ladderux software.  This study found that strong ties within the community, influenced by homophily and the sense of virtual community, motivated the customers to participate in commercial activities in order to obtain their goals which included a sense of obligation, loyalty, satisfaction and self-esteem. The relationships influenced customers to trust each other, provide social support and made purchasing products more convenient. Sellers were influenced by the convenience of using social media and the social support provided by the customers which helped them to achieve their goals which are profit and business sustainability.  This study contributes to social commerce theory by highlighting an underexplored type of social commerce setting and addressing how trust can be transferred from social to commercial activities. The findings provide a useful insight for businesses, regardless of their size, to build an understanding of the need to create a good relationship with their customers. For macro-businesses, this model can be used to identify what is lacking in their social media marketing strategy.</p>

scholarly journals COMMUNICATION EFFECTIVENESS OF SURABAYA CITY GOVERNMENT THROUGH TWITTER AND FACEBOOK

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-182
Author(s):  
Saodatul Qhamariyah ◽  
Achmad Nurmandi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
City Government ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Communication Effectiveness ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Media Tool ◽  
Better Than

Advances in information and communication technology encourage the government as a stakeholder to have social media accounts. Likewise, the community is also required to have social media as a means of communication. The importance of social media has a very significant impact, especially in the field of government, for example as a medium in conveying suggestions and complaints from the public to the government or vice versa. Twitter and Facebook are some of the social media that are very popular with Indonesians. Including the Surabaya City Government, to support and develop policy programs made, they use this social media tool as an effective medium of communication. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of effectiveness of Surabaya city government communication via Twitter and Facebook. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by utilizing the Nvivo application to process the data. In this study, there are several assessment indicators used as benchmarks, namely (1) Accuracy, (2) Creativity, (3) Activeness, (4) Interaction, (5) Transparency. From the research results, it is known that the effectiveness of communication via Twitter is better than Facebook in terms of accurate information, creativity, activeness, and transparency. Meanwhile, in terms of interaction, Facebook is higher. Therefore, the Government is required to be even more innovative in conveying information to the public, so that people have an interest in knowing information about government and policies that have been announced.

scholarly journals Fast Algorithms for Conducting Large-Scale GWAS of Age-at-Onset Traits Using Cox Mixed-Effects Models

Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 215 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang He ◽  
Alexander M. Kulminski
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies

Age-at-onset is one of the critical traits in cohort studies of age-related diseases. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of age-at-onset traits can provide more insights into genetic effects on disease progression and transitions between stages. Moreover, proportional hazards (or Cox) regression models can achieve higher statistical power in a cohort study than a case-control trait using logistic regression. Although mixed-effects models are widely used in GWAS to correct for sample dependence, application of Cox mixed-effects models (CMEMs) to large-scale GWAS is so far hindered by intractable computational cost. In this work, we propose COXMEG, an efficient R package for conducting GWAS of age-at-onset traits using CMEMs. COXMEG introduces fast estimation algorithms for general sparse relatedness matrices including, but not limited to, block-diagonal pedigree-based matrices. COXMEG also introduces a fast and powerful score test for dense relatedness matrices, accounting for both population stratification and family structure. In addition, COXMEG generalizes existing algorithms to support positive semidefinite relatedness matrices, which are common in twin and family studies. Our simulation studies suggest that COXMEG, depending on the structure of the relatedness matrix, is orders of magnitude computationally more efficient than coxme and coxph with frailty for GWAS. We found that using sparse approximation of relatedness matrices yielded highly comparable results in controlling false-positive rate and retaining statistical power for an ethnically homogeneous family-based sample. By applying COXMEG to a study of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with a Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease Family Study from the National Institute on Aging sample comprising 3456 non-Hispanic whites and 287 African Americans, we identified the APOE ε4 variant with strong statistical power (P = 1e−101), far more significant than that reported in a previous study using a transformed variable and a marginal Cox model. Furthermore, we identified novel SNP rs36051450 (P = 2e−9) near GRAMD1B, the minor allele of which significantly reduced the hazards of AD in both genders. These results demonstrated that COXMEG greatly facilitates the application of CMEMs in GWAS of age-at-onset traits.

scholarly journals Visualising the Social Media Conversations of a National Information Technology Professional Association

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Stuart Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Media System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technology Professional ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
National Information ◽  
The Impact

Social media systems are important for professional associations (PAs), providing new ways for them to interact with their members and stakeholders. Evaluation of the impact of social media is not straightforward. Here text analytics, specifically multidimensional scaling visualisation, is proposed as an approach for the characterisation of the large scale ‘conversations' occurring between an information and communication technology PA and its stakeholders via the Twitter social media system. In the case presented, there was found to be a significant level of congruence between the corresponding visualisations of tweets from the PA, and tweets to/about the PA, although differences were also observed. The new method proposed and piloted here offers a way for organisations to conceptualise, identify, capture and visualise the large-scale, ephemeral, text conversations about themselves on Twitter, and to assist them with key strategic uses of social media.

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