Migration, not migrants, is the problem: Delinquency among migrants and non-migrants in Switzerland and ex-Yugoslavia

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 896-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Killias ◽  
Anastasiia Lukash
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Foreign Country ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Family

The nexus between migration and crime has been studied over nearly a century across many countries from all continents. Research has concentrated on comparisons of migrants (or their offspring) with natives. Comparisons between migrants and comparable samples from their countries of origin have not been undertaken so far, however, because data were usually limited to the host country. The International Self-Reported Delinquency Study (ISRD-3, Enzmann et al., 2018) allows this gap to be overcome. In Switzerland, with its large immigrant minority – one student in two has roots in a foreign country – migrants of different backgrounds can be compared with native Swiss and with students who attend schools in ex-Yugoslavia where many migrants are from. We compare data on self-reported offences and victimization in the family collected through interviews with some 4000 juveniles in Switzerland and more than 6000 students of the same age in four countries of ex-Yugoslavia (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo, Macedonia). Native-born youths in Switzerland report fewer offences than their immigrant peers, including those from ex-Yugoslavia. Although differences between students from ex-Yugoslavia and other foreign countries are relatively small, juveniles in ex-Yugoslavia report far lower offending rates than immigrants of the same age in Switzerland. Their rates are similar or lower than among native Swiss students. Further, rates of physical punishment and maltreatment are higher among immigrants than among non-migrants in Switzerland and in ex-Yugoslavia. We conclude that cultural background is unrelated to delinquency and parental punishment, but the experience of migrating goes along with violence within the family and self-reported offending. Differences exist between various family constellations, students born or with at least one parent born in Switzerland committing fewer offences and experiencing less parental violence.

scholarly journals SCRIITORI ROMÂNI DE EXPRESIE STRĂINĂ TRADUCĂTORI AI OPERELOR ROMÂNEŞTI: CAZUL ANDREI CODRESCU

2021 ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
Luiza MARINESCU ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Foreign Country ◽  
National Literature ◽  
American Writer ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Literary Histories ◽  
Romanian Literature ◽  
National Literatures

The literary tradition and the production of literary histories has long focused upon “national literature,” which is to say those works written in the tongue of the country in question. As a result, writers of Romanian origin who lived in a foreign country and wrote in the language of their host country were often overlooked by Romanian critics, because such writers were considered to be exponents of the national literatures of the foreign countries in which they resided. In the case of Romanian literature, there are several generations of writers of multilingual expression, and the above dynamic has proven to be the case for a very long time. Throughout the centuries, the language of administration and culture was often different from Romanian vernacular, and the writers who managed to become internationally known were those writing in the language of culture rather than those writing in Romanian. This study analyzes the work of Andrei Codrescu, a Romanian-American writer who managed to transform his experience of exile into a “Road Scholar” (according to his film of this name) leading to a profitable university career enlightened by literature.

Quality of Life (QOL) of Balinese Women Working in Spa Tourism Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Putu Sucita Yanthy ◽  
Luh Gede Leli Kusuma Dewi ◽  
W. Citra Juwitasari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Family Needs ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Material Factor

Bali is one of spa tourist destinations having various categories of spas and spa treatments, and the most important is the spa therapists. Spa development becomes an interesting phenomenon to be studied when it is associated with an involvement of Balinese women as spa therapists in foreign countries. The world’s demand for Balinese spa therapists has become the motivation of women to work in this area. The work and life of Balinese spa therapists while they are working in foreign countries serve as parameters to know their quality of life, and these parameters are also the main focus of this study. Through in-depth interviews and questionnaires distributed to 20 therapists it was found out that 85 percent of them have revealed an improvement in their quality of life that is influenced by two factors: the material and intimacy factors. The material factor in question refers to the economic improvement of the family as they could earn enough income to cover their family needs. The intimacy factor in question refers to closeness and a sense of solidarity fostered while they are working abroad and the relationship within the family. This study concludes that the most important part of the development of spa in Bali is its female Balinese spa therapists due to the image that Balinese women working as spa therapists are loyal, hard-working and honest making them in demand among tourists who are seeking spa treatments. Being a spa therapist can improve their quality of life, which means that subjectively both material and intimacy factors are the aspects that affect the quality of life of the Balinese spa therapists.

Disclosure of Spousal Violence

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Al-Modallal
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Spousal Violence ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Emotional Environment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Health Care Centers

The objectives of this study were to identify reasons behind not disclosing spousal violence and examine relationships between these reasons and women’s demographic profile including the experience of spousal violence. Jordanian women ( N = 709) aged 16 to 66 years ( M = 32.6, SD = 8.7) attending health care centers were recruited. Results indicated that women’s intentions to maintain the family unit and use of patience with abuser represented the top two reasons for not disclosing violence. Non-significant relationships were, generally, identified between not disclosing spousal violence and women’s demographic profile. Women’s justification of spousal violence and witnessing parental violence were the proposed reasons for women’s lack of disclosure of violence. Implications for this study include health professionals’ use of evidence-based knowledge and skills to deal with victims of violence. Researchers’ roles include creating physical and emotional environment that urges disclosure of violence. Furthermore, they can contribute with health professionals in the implementation of health education programs directing victims and perpetrators in the places where they can be located. Proper collaboration between health professionals, researchers, and policy makers may significantly limit suffering of victims of violence.

The Economic Consequences of Hosting the Olympic Games: International Evidence from Cross-Listings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Tsang ◽  
Kun Tracy Wang ◽  
Nathan Zhenghang Zhu ◽  
Li YU
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
International Evidence ◽  
Cross Listing ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
The Olympic Games

Based on evidence from nine countries that hosted the Olympic Games, we show that relative to firms domiciled in non-Olympics-hosting countries, firms domiciled in Olympics-hosting countries engage in more cross-listing in the years following the Olympics. The effect of hosting the Olympics on firms’ cross-listing activities is more pronounced for firms domiciled in host countries with better performance in the Games; for firms domiciled in countries hosting the Summer Olympics; and for domestic firms. We also find that cross-listing firms domiciled in an Olympics-hosting country tend to cross-list in foreign countries with a greater institutional distance from the host country after the Olympics. Finally, we document a positive effect of Olympics-hosting on the consequences of cross-listing. Taken together, our findings suggest that hosting the Olympics improves the international reputation of the host country, which helps firms domiciled in that country to overcome the liability of foreignness when making cross-listing decisions.

scholarly journals Round Table in Memory of Volodymyr Piskorskyi at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Nataliya Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Prominent Scientist ◽  
The Family ◽  
National University ◽  
History Of ◽  
Iberian Studies

This report analyzes the main trends of a roundtable discussion on the memory of Volodymyr Piskorskyi «V. K. Piskorskyi and the Problems of the Study of World History at St. Volodymyr’s University». It was held at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in September 2019 as a part of the work of the Xth International Congress of Hispanic researches of Ukraine, and it was initiated by the Center for Latin American and Iberian Studies «Casa Iberoamericana» (Department of Modern and Contemporary History of Foreign Countries). Scientists from Kyiv, Chernihiv, Nizhyn, as well as the participants from Spain, Germany, Hungary, Poland etc. participated in the round table. The event organizers set out two important tasks: firstly, to attract the attention of young researchers to the need of further study of the scientific heritage of a well-known scientist, and secondly, recognizing that Volodymyr Piskorskyi was in broad sense the representative of the European intellectual environment on the eve of the XXth century, to emphasize its affiliation with the Ukrainian cultural and scientific space in this period. The relatives of a prominent scientist – his granddaughter Olena Novikova, who carefully keeps the memory of the famous scientist-historian, and her niece Galina Piskorska – made their reports to the audience. In their speeches, the participants of the round table focused not only on the historian’s prominent scientific achievements but also outlined his social activities and heard many family legends shared by the scientist’s relatives. Thanks to the prepared video presentation of the «Piskorsky Family Memorials», the participants could not only immerse themselves in the family atmosphere, but also make a virtual trip to those European cities, which were associated with his scientific explorations, and trace the stages of a scientist’s teaching career. During the round table, a small book exhibition of Volodymyr Piskorskyi’s works from the collections of the Maximovich Scientific Library of the Taras Shevchenko National University was opened.

scholarly journals Nature and extent of disciplinary practices used by school teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Harmesh Singh Bains ◽  
Manu Sharma Sareen
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disciplinary Practices ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: The aim of the study is to analyze the nature, extent and associated factors of disciplinary practices used by school teachers.Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study. Subjects: 165 school teachers. Methods: Teachers completed a structured questionnaire, which included nature and extent of disciplinary methods used and their views on the issue. Statistical analysis was done through Chi square test.Results: 70.9% Teachers felt that physical punishment is needed to discipline school children. 58.2% of teachers indulged in the same though of these 84.2% opinioned that it may be harmful. Methods used were: counselling followed by physical punishment 41.67 % , slapping (14.6%), angry shouting (11.5), shaking (9.4), swearing (6.2), and skin pinch (3.1). Common reasons for punishment included: telling a lie (31.3%), not good at studies (28.1%),disobeying (14.6%),tantrums (7.3%) and stealing (3.1%). Teachers disclosed that they learned it from personal experience (55.2%) and schools (29.2%).Stressful events were present in 47.3%. Physical punishment was significantly more in this category (Chi square 3.84,p 0.05). Almost 77% of teachers had received punishment during childhood. The modal age for getting last punishment was 14 years. Significantly greater number of teachers getting punishment during childhood opinioned in favor of punishing children(Chi square 5.769,p 0.016) and were also involved in this activity(Chi square 6.534,p o.o11).Conclusions: Physical punishment of school children by teachers is common. Stress in the family and punishment during childhood were significant risk factors.

Perceived Family Environment and Adjustment in American-Born and Immigrant Asian Adolescents

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1244-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Handal ◽  
Nicole Le-Stiebel ◽  
Margaret Dicarlo ◽  
Joeanne Gutzwiller
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Asian Descent ◽  
Asian Adolescents

57 immigrant Asian adolescents were compared with 44 Americanborn adolescents of Asian descent to investigate differences in perceived family environment and adjustment. Immigrant Asian adolescents were significantly less adjusted, perceived significantly less independence and achievement orientation and significantly more organization in their families than their American-born peers. The family environment differences, unlike adjustment differences, persisted over length of time in the host country (USA).

The Role of Contextual Combinations in the Globalization of Chinese Firms

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Child ◽  
Svetla Marinova
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Chinese Firms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Chinese Enterprises ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Country Characteristics ◽  
Learning And Adaptation

AbstractThis paper argues that it is crucial to take account of both home and host country contexts in order, adequately, to understand their implications for Chinese enterprises investing into foreign countries. This calls for an analysis that is sensitive to both home and host country contexts, and that takes into account how the institutions and political systems in those contexts establish institutional and resource capital needs for the overseas-investing firm. We discuss and illustrate three different combinations of Chinese and host country characteristics, and the firm-level learning and adaptation required in the light of the relevant capitals likely to be available to Chinese firms. The analysis draws upon insights from resource-based, institutional, and political perspectives. While it is developed with specific reference to China, we also suggest that this form of analysis can be applied more generally to the implementation of outward foreign direct investment from any country.

CEO Migrant: The Case of Hanya Holm

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (S1) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Claudia Gitelman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Host Country ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Country ◽  
First Year ◽  
Migration Theory

Peter Meilaender reminds us that a CEO relocating to a foreign country to head up an international branch is as much an immigrant as is an impoverished refuge. This paper situates Hanya Holm within structural and personal paradigms of migration theory to examine her first year in the United States, when she faced the prospect of financial ruin in the host country and a threat to loyalties and interdependencies in the sending country.

scholarly journals THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF FAMILY INSTITUTIONS IN THE INTERPRETATION AND MEANING OF LIFE EXPERIENCES: THE FAMILY ADAPTIVE ABILITY AS A SIGNIFICANT DETERMINANT TASK SUCCESS OF EXPATRIATE ACADEMICS IN MALAYSIAN INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNING

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (39) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
Mohd Kamal Mohd Shah ◽  
Saifulazry Mokhtar ◽  
Irma Wani Othman ◽  
Muhammad Safuan Yusoff ◽  
Mohd. Sohaimi Esa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Full Time ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Family ◽  
One Year ◽  
Higher Education Industry

This paper provides an understanding of the social structure seen as a phenomenology that directs one’s thinking in relation to the interpretation and meaning of life experiences in family institutions where family adaptation is a significant factor in determining the success of expatriate academics. The objective of the study was to unravel expatriate interpretations of expatriation decisions, where such interpretations were debated and taking into account family adaptability as a significant party in determining the success of the assignment of academics who have continuity with the experience of expatriate institutions in the host country. The research was carried out by utilising qualitative methods of in-depth interviews with 20 expatriate academics selected from three Malaysian Public Universities. While the appropriate criteria for respondents include the following characteristics, namely (a) has resided for at least one year in Malaysia using a valid employee visa, (b) has been offered a position as academic staff and has renewed a contract of service, (c) a self-initiated expatriate in undertaking expatriation and (d) work full-time and is not classified as an inter-university exchange staff or on sabbatical leave. The study found that the family factor is the influence of the career environment of an expatriate academic while serving in Malaysia. This is seen as a valuable input for the expatriate academics in adapting to the career of the country’s higher education arena while encouraging retention of expatriate academics in the higher education industry in Malaysia. Two new findings were presented namely (i) moral and emotional support systems which give positive indications of international assignment success, and (ii) support of the relevant social networks with local communities as one of the determinants of expatriate success adapting to the host country environment.

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