scholarly journals Impaired redox environment modulates cardiogenic and ion-channel gene expression in cardiac-resident and non-resident mesenchymal stem cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baskar Subramani ◽  
Sellamuthu Subbannagounder ◽  
Chithra Ramanathanpullai ◽  
Sekar Palanivel ◽  
Rajesh Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Redox Imbalance ◽  
Channel Gene ◽  
Ion Channel Gene

Redox homeostasis plays a crucial role in the regulation of self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. However, the behavioral actions of mesenchymal stem cells in redox imbalance state remain elusive. In the present study, the effect of redox imbalance that was induced by either hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or ascorbic acid on human cardiac-resident (hC-MSCs) and non-resident (umbilical cord) mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) was evaluated. Both cells were sensitive and responsive when exposed to either H2O2 or ascorbic acid at a concentration of 400 µmol/L. Ascorbic acid pre-treated cells remarkably ameliorated the reactive oxygen species level when treated with H2O2. The endogenous antioxidative enzyme gene (Sod1, Sod2, TRXR1 and Gpx1) expressions were escalated in both MSCs in response to reactive oxygen species elevation. In contrast, ascorbic acid pre-treated hUC-MSCs attenuated considerable anti-oxidative gene (TRXR1 and Gpx1) expressions, but not the hC-MSCs. Similarly, the cardiogenic gene (Nkx 2.5, Gata4, Mlc2a and β-MHC) and ion-channel gene ( IKDR, IKCa, Ito and INa.TTX) expressions were significantly increased in both MSCs on the oxidative state. On the contrary, reduced environment could not alter the ion-channel gene expression and negatively regulated the cardiogenic gene expressions except for troponin-1 in both cells. In conclusion, redox imbalance potently alters the cardiac-resident and non-resident MSCs stemness, cardiogenic, and ion-channel gene expressions. In comparison with cardiac-resident MSC, non-resident umbilical cord-MSC has great potential to tolerate the redox imbalance and positively respond to cardiac regeneration. Impact statement Human mesenchymal stem cells (h-MSCs) are highly promising candidates for tissue repair in cardiovascular diseases. However, the retention of cells in the infarcted area has been a major challenge due to its poor viability and/or low survival rate after transplantation. The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) repudiate and enter into premature senescence via oxidative stress. Thus, various strategies have been attempted to improve the MSC survival in ‘toxic’ conditions. Similarly, we investigated the response of cardiac resident MSC (hC-MSCs) and non-resident MSCs against the oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Supplementation of ascorbic acid (AA) into MSCs culture profoundly rescued the stem cells from oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Our data showed that the pre-treatment of AA is able to inhibit the cell death and thus preserving the viability and differentiation potential of MSCs.

scholarly journals Controlled intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species in human mesenchymal stem cells using porphyrin conjugated nanoparticles

Nanoscale ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
pp. 14525-14531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Lavado ◽  
Veeren M. Chauhan ◽  
Amer Alhaj Zen ◽  
Francesca Giuntini ◽  
D. Rhodri E. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cellular Communication ◽  
Oxygen Species

Newly synthesised Zn (ii) porphyrin nanoparticle conjugates were irradiated with visible light to generate controlled amounts of ROS in hMSCs to advance the study of oxidative stress and cellular communication.

scholarly journals Inhibition of β-catenin Protects Mouse Hearts From Ventricular Arrhythmias After Myocardial Infarction Independent of Ion Channel Gene Changes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Wang ◽  
Ying Xia ◽  
Aizhu Lu ◽  
Hongwei Wang ◽  
Darryl R. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Structural Remodeling ◽  
Channel Gene ◽  
Signaling Activation ◽  
Ventricular Tachycardias ◽  
Ion Channel Gene ◽  
Gene Alterations

Abstract The Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates ion channel gene expressions in cardiomyocytes. Because Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated in myocardial infarction (MI), this study aims to investigate if β-catenin inhibition affects post-MI ion channel gene alterations and ventricular tachycardias (VT). MI was induced by permanent ligation of left anterior descending artery in wild-type (WT) and cardiomyocyte-specific β-catenin knockout (KO) mice. KO mice showed reduced susceptibility to VT (18% vs. 77% in WT) at week-8 after MI, associated with attenuated structural remodeling (reduced scar size and attenuated left ventricle dilation) as compared to WT. However, at the subacute phase (week-1) and chronic phase (week-8) after MI, Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation was found in non-cardiomyocytes, but not in cardiomyocytes. Downregulations of Scn5a (encoding Nav1.5) and Gja1 (encoding Cx43) were found at week-1 but not at week-8, while downregulations of K+ channel genes were present at both week-1 and -8. Consistent with no activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cardiomyocytes at week-1 and -8, these alterations in ion channel/transporter genes were not different between KO and WT mice. This study demonstrated that mice with cardiomyocyte-specific β-catenin deletion have reduced VT susceptibility after MI which is caused by attenuated structural remodeling, instead of alterations in ion channel gene expressions.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal cell cultures from the omentum of rabbits

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1993
Author(s):  
Saulo Tadeu Lemos Pinto Filho ◽  
Matheus Pippi da Rosa ◽  
Tiago Luis Eilers Treichel ◽  
Fabíola Dalmolin ◽  
Alencar Kolinski Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Mesenchymal Cell ◽  
Greater Omentum ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Adult Organism

Mesenchymal stem cells are a population of somatic cells found in several tissues of an adult organism, including adipose tissue. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cellular alterations, including mutagenesis and genomic instability and the development of diseases. Thus, it is important to understand ROS-induced damage to cell macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids. In this study, we investigated oxidative stress rates and viability of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) from the greater omentum of rabbits. Cell cultures were analyzed at different passages (1-5) using the dichlorofluorescein acetate assay for measuring ROS production and cell viability tests. ROS levels were highest at passage 2 and cell viability was highest at passage 4.

scholarly journals Ion channel gene expressions in infertile men: A case-control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Carkci ◽  
Ebru Onalan Etem ◽  
Seda Ozaydin ◽  
Ahmet Karakeci ◽  
Ahmet Tektemur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channel ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Channel Gene ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Ion Channel Gene

scholarly journals Integration of Rabbit Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Hydroxyapatite Burr Hole Button Device for Bone Interface Regeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viswanathan Gayathri ◽  
Varma Harikrishnan ◽  
Parayanthala Valappil Mohanan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Burr Hole ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, multipotent stem cells isolated from adipose tissue, present close resemblance to the naturalin vivomilieu and microenvironment of bone tissue and hence widely used for in bone tissue engineering applications. The present study evaluates the compatibility of tissue engineered hydroxyapatite burr hole button device (HAP-BHB) seeded with Rabbit Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs). Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress response, apoptotic behavior, attachment, and adherence of adipose MSC seeded on the device were evaluated by scanning electron and confocal microscopy. The results of the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay indicated that powdered device material was noncytotoxic up to 0.5 g/mL on cultured cells. It was also observed that oxidative stress related reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis on cell seeded device were similar to those of control (cells alone) except in 3-day period which showed increased reactive oxygen species generation. Further scanning electron and confocal microscopy indicated a uniform attachment of cells and viability up to 200 μm deep inside the device, respectively. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the in-house developed HAP-BHB device seeded with ADMSCs is nontoxic/safe compatible device for biomedical application and an attractive tissue engineered device for calvarial defect regeneration.

scholarly journals THU0495 NOVEL UNDERSTANDING OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS: FOCUS ON MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IMPAIRMENT, SENESCENCE AND IMMUNOREGULATORY FUNCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 483.2-484
Author(s):  
L. Zaripova ◽  
A. Midgley ◽  
S. Christmas ◽  
E. Baildam ◽  
R. Oldershaw
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Background:Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a well-known chronic rheumatic disease of childhood characterised by progressive joint destruction and severe systemic complications.Immune cells are known to trigger the pathophysiological cascade in JIA, but there is little information regarding the contribution made by Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells are able to modulate the immune response and decrease the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. With addition of regenerative property it makes MSCs potential candidates for clinical application as immunosuppressants in treatment of autoimmune diseases.Objectives:To investigate MSCs proliferation, viability and immunomodulatory function in JIA and healthy children.Methods:MSCs were separated from peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) of JIA patients and healthy controls. Cell proliferation rate was counted by Population doublings per day (PDD) during 9 days, in the last of which alamarBlue™ assays were performed to assess cell viability. Due to measure senescence MSCs were stained with SA-β-galactosidase. Immunofluorescence was used to examine the expression of p16, p21, p53. Oxidative stress was measured with DCFH-DA. Cell cycle analysis was evaluated with Propidium Iodide and analysed by Accuri® C6 Flow Cytometer.Commercially-available bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were treated with graded concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (0.1-100 ng/ml) with following examination of cell viability. Mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) were performed to measure MSC immunomodulatory abilityin vitro.Results:The growth kinetics of JIA-MSCs were different from healthy controls. JIA-MSCs divided slowly and appeared disorganised with large cytoplasm and loads of outgrowth. They demonstrated a decrease in cell proliferation (negative PDD) and metabolic activity. Difference in growth kinetics and metabolic activity were found inside the JIA PB group with some evidence of response following biological treatment. Thus, PB-MSCs from patients treated with TNFi and anti-IL6 medications had notably higher cell proliferation and metabolic activity against JIA patients received other therapy. Considering this difference, it was hypothesised that cytokines obtained in a high amount in PB and SF of JIA patients may influence MSCs viability. To prove this BM-MSCs were treated with cytokines and demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in metabolic activity significantly after TNFα and IL1, no significantly after treatment with IL6. Both BM-MSCs treated with cytokines and JIA-MSCs displayed high level of reactive oxygen species.Cell cycle analysis revealed that JIA-MSCs were arrested in G0/G1 phase with low number of mitotic cells. In addition, the number of senescence-associated SA-β-gal-positive cells was notably higher in JIA-MSCs. Furthermore, JIA-MSCs expressed high level of immunofluorescence for p16, p21 and p53 which played an important role in regulating the senescence progress of MSCs.Results of MLR showed the ability of BM-MSCs to decrease the percentage of activated T-helpers, T-suppressors, B-cells and natural killers proliferation, while JIA-MSCs lost this property.Conclusion:Taken together current research has demonstrated that under the influence of proinflammatory cytokines JIA-MSCs suffered from oxidative stress and disruption of metabolic activity acquire senescent morphology, shorten of telomere length, arrest in G0 phase of cell cycle and finally loss of immune regulation. We are continuing our research to determine the mechanisms that are responsible for the impaired phenotype with the aim of identifying new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of JIA.Disclosure of Interests: :None declared

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document