scholarly journals Country Report: Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Status in Mongolia

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yongyout Kachondam ◽  
Sakorn Dhanamitta
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Country Report ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
High Level ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
And Child Health

Information on the health and nutrition status of mothers and children in Mongolia was gathered during a recent consultancy supported by UNICEF in collaboration with WHO and the Mongolian Ministry of Health. Data were collected from published and unpublished documents, interviews with Mongolian nutrition and health specialists and UNICEF country representatives, and observations using rapid assessment procedures. The four main nutrition problems found were protein-energy malnutrition, vitamin D deficiency, iodine-deficiency disorders, and irondeficiency anaemia. Also of great concern is an extremely high level of acute respiratory infection among young children, which may be attributable in part to the Mongolian lifestyle.

scholarly journals Evolving food retail environments in Thailand and implications for the health and nutrition transition

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Banwell ◽  
Jane Dixon ◽  
Sam-Ang Seubsman ◽  
S Pangsap ◽  
Matthew Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Food Retail ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Food Diversity ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Retail Formats ◽  
Culinary Culture

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate evolving food retail systems in Thailand.DesignRapid assessment procedures based on qualitative research methods including interviews, focus groups discussions and site visits.SettingSeven fresh markets located in the four main regions of Thailand.SubjectsManagers, food specialists, vendors and shoppers from seven fresh markets who participated in interviews and focus group discussions.ResultsFresh markets are under economic pressure and are declining in number. They are attempting to resist the competition from supermarkets by improving convenience, food diversity, quality and safety.ConclusionsObesity has increased in Thailand at the same time as rapid growth of modern food retail formats has occurred. As fresh markets are overtaken by supermarkets there is a likely loss of fresh, healthy, affordable food for poorer Thais, and a diminution of regional culinary culture, women's jobs and social capital, with implications for the health and nutrition transition in Thailand.

Identifying and Managing Malnutrition Stemming from Different Causes

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Sung Hee Chung ◽  
Peter Stenvinkel ◽  
Bengt Lindholm ◽  
Avesani Carla Maria
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Persistent Inflammation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pharmacologic Agents

Protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) is highly prevalent among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality. A wide range of factors can lead to PEM and associated wasting (PEM/W) in PD patients, but persistent inflammation and the presence of diabetes have been identified as the two main reasons. An important body of literature has been reporting studies of methods suitable for detecting malnutrition in its early phase so that appropriate intervention can be provided. Although assessment of nutrition status has been substantially improved, no definitive single method of assessing nutrition status has been decided. Rather, several different markers of nutrition should be evaluated together. Because of the complexity of treating malnutrition in PD patients, nontraditional strategies such as appetite stimulants, anti-inflammatory diets, and anti-inflammatory pharmacologic agents are recommended to be combined with more traditional forms of nutritional support, so as to provide a better chance of recovery. The present review briefly discusses the causes of PEM/W, the methods most commonly used to identify the condition, and the new management strategies available.

scholarly journals KADAR TRIGLISERIDA DAN STATUS GIZI PADA KLIEN TUBERKULOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Noor Diani ◽  
Devi Rahmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstrak Tuberkulosis (TBC) mengakibatkan penurunan asupan dan malabsorbsi nutrien serta metabolisme tubuh berubah sehingga terjadi massa otot dan lemak menurun akibat mekanisme malnutrisi dari energi protein. Malnutrisi pada TBC berpengaruh terhadap prognosis dan tingkat kematian. Peningkatan produksi IFNl- γ dan IL-6, TNF α menghambat dari aktivitas Lipo Protein Lipase (LPL) dijaringan lemak. Enzim LPL berperan dalam proses bersihan trigliserida. Peningkatan ini meningkatkan trigliserida sehingga proses sintesis lemak menurun dan proses lipolisis lemak meningkat di jaringan. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan trigliserida dan status gizi pada klien TBC. Metode penelitian ini korelasi analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, sampel 25 orang, dengan uji korelasi Pearson-Product Moment. Hasil penelitian status gizi dibawah normal 56%, normal 40% dan kelebihan berat badan 4%. Kadar Trigliserida normal 84%, trigliserida tinggi 16%. Kesimpulan ada hubungan antara kadar trigliserida dan status gizi yakni r hitung sebesar 0,5: r tabel = 0,396 sehingga r hitung > r tabel dengan korelasi positif.Kata Kunci : Trigliserida, Status Gizi, Tuberkulosis.AbstractTuberculosis(TB) resulting the decreasing of nutrient intake and malabsorbsi as well as changing the metabolism of the body. The wasthing are decreased protein energy. Malnutrition on TB affects the prognosis of the treatment and death rates. The increase TNF α will inhibit the enzyme activity of Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) in the fat tissue. LPL enzyme plays a role in cleavage process of triglycerides. This research was to analyze the relationship of triglycerides and nutrition status on the client with tuberculosis. The design was cross-sectional approach. The respondents were gathered from 25 newly TB patients. The analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment correlation. The results showed 56% respondents undernutrition, and normal 40% and over nutrition 4%. Most triglyceride level of the respondent were normal (84). The concluded was a relationship between triglycerides and the nutritional status with a positive correlation ( P value 0,396).Keywords : Triglycerides, Nutritional Status, Tuberculosis

scholarly journals Nutrition and Health Issues in Cuba: Strategies for a Developing Country

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Amador ◽  
Manuel Peña
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Positive changes in the nutrition and health of the Cuban population have taken place in the last three decades. The strategies developed for their attainment have been mainly in the public health sector. Changes in health indicators closely linked to the nutrition status of the community in the last 20 years indicate that the population's standard of living has risen. However, there has been a tendency to both an absolute and a relative increase in the prevalence of and mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases and in their associated risk factors. On the other hand, moderate or severe protein-energy deficiency is not common, but iron deficiency is still a problem, especially in small children and pregnant women. Several strategies and actions currently are in progress for promoting a positive change in food habits and lifestyle.

scholarly journals Drug disposition in obesity and protein–energy malnutrition

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph I. Boullata
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Obese Patient ◽  
Drug Disposition ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Drug Elimination ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Protein Energy

Clinical response to medication can differ between patients. Among the known sources of variability is an individual's nutrition status. This review defines some pharmacokinetic terms, provides relevant body size metrics and describes the physiologic influences of protein–energy malnutrition and obesity on drug disposition. Weight-based drug dosing, which presumes a healthy BMI, can be problematic in the protein–energy malnourished or obese patient. The use of total body weight, lean body weight, or an adjusted body weight depends on the drug and how it is differently handled in malnutrition or obesity. Most of the recognized influences are seen in drug distribution and drug elimination as a result of altered body composition and function. Distribution characteristics of each drug are determined by several drug-related factors (e.g. tissue affinity) in combination with body-related factors (e.g. composition). Drug elimination occurs through metabolic and excretory pathways that can also vary with body composition. The current data are limited to select drugs that have been reported in small studies or case reports. In the meantime, a rational approach to evaluate the potential influences of malnutrition and obesity can be used clinically based on available information. Antimicrobials are discussed as a useful example of this approach. Further advancement in this field would require collaboration between experts in body composition and those in drug disposition. Until more data are available, routine monitoring by the clinician of the protein–energy malnourished or obese patient receiving weight-based drug regimens is necessary.

scholarly journals UNBALANCED DISTRIBUTION OF FOOD

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
Buse Sarikaya
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Nutritional Health ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Weight Protein

While people starve every day, food is being wasted. Simultaneously a food shortage does not exist on our planet. There is no lack of food. Production and distribution are the two primary causes of this problem. Unbalanced nutrition is the cause of obesity, overweight and hunger. Insufficient food intake causes nutritional problems such as vitamin and Iodine deficiency, Anaemia, Underweight and Stunting, Low birth weight, Protein-Energy Malnutrition, excess intake of food causes. However, nutritional health problems are not only caused by the absense of food but also from excessive food intake causing diabetes, hypertension, heart diseases etc. These all health problems effect societies worldwide. Bringing the global burden of diet-related noncomunicable diseases under control and enhancing public nutrition and health requires a muti-diciplinary approach.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Protein Energy Malnutrition among Underfive children in Odisha: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Ayusi Satapathy ◽  
◽  
Ansuman Satapathy ◽  
Dwity Sundar Rout ◽  
Ajay Kumar Prusty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Protein Energy

As the most vulnerable segment of the population, children under the age of five serve as a critical indicator of community health and nutrition. They are usually impacted by PEM as a result of a lack of nutrients to meet their needs. Malnutrition affects children under the age of five, primarily in disadvantaged settings. Kwashiorkor generally affects children between the ages of one and three, while marasmus primarily affects children under the age of two. Despite slight progress over the years, India has the highest rate of stunting, according to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4(2015-16). In India, 38.4 percent, 35.8 percent, and 21% of children were found to be stunted, underweight, or wasting in 2015-16, respectively, but in Odisha, the percentages were 38.2 percent, 34.4 percent, and 18.3 percent. Malnutrition is caused by a lack of access to highly nutritious foods, poor feeding practices such as non-exclusive breast feeding, poor environmental conditions, large family size, poor maternal health, premature babies, negative cultural practices related to child rearing and weaning, delay in introducing supplementary feeding, and high female illiteracy. Malnutrition is exacerbated by frequent diseases such as diarrhea, respiratory infections, measles, and intestinal worms [1]. Malnutrition is responsible for more than a third of all child fatalities. Malnutrition causes long-term impairments such as lower labour ability, growth retardation, and poor social and mental development in later life. Malnutrition causes mortality, disability, stunting, and mental and physical development retardation in children. A systematic review of published publications was conducted primarily using secondary sources of literature from internet databases such as Research Gate and Google Scholar. The articles were picked based on important subjects such as assessing various forms of malnutrition and the variables that influence it. The goal of the research, titled "Prevalence of Protein Energy Malnutrition among Under-five Children in Odisha" was to learn more about the prevalence of malnutrition and the variables that influence it

scholarly journals Rapid Assessment Procedures for the Health and Nutritional Profile of Adolescent Girls: An Exploratory Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pulkit Mathur ◽  
Sushma Sharma ◽  
Arvind Wadhwa
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Rapid Appraisal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
Assessment Procedures

We developed and tested tools for the rapid appraisal of the health and nutrition profile of adolescent girls (11 14 years). The sample consisted of 80 girls, their mothers (n=61) or married older sisters (n=3), 6 village-level workers, their helpers, and four doctors in Ladosarai village in Delhi, India. Girls carried out rapid assessment exercises for mapping food intake and occurrence of diseases according to season, and actively participated in focus group discussions. They also ranked their families accurately according to relative wealth. There was no significant difference between the mean nutrient intakes obtained by the conventional and modified rapid assessment 24-hour recall (p>.05). The rapid assessment methodology not only helped save survey time but also added depth and gave new insights into the girls’ hearth and nutrition problems and perceptions.

scholarly journals Development and Quality Evaluation of a Soy-Fortified Ghanaian Weaning Food

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Tekyiwa Annan ◽  
Wisdom Annorsey Plahar
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Weaning Food ◽  
Protein Energy

Appropriate process characteristics and blend formulations were developed for the preparation of a high protein-energy weaning food, FRI Weaner, using maize, soya beans, groundnut, and milk powder. Its quality was evaluated in terms of its nutritive value; physicochemical, functional, and sensory characteristics; content of antinutritional factors; and biochemical and haematological properties. The FRI Weaner had physical and sensory characteristics similar to those of a traditional Ghanaian cereal-based weaning food but was of superior nutritional quality. The protein content was 171%, with 10.6% fat and 67.8% carbohydrates. Calcium, iron, and phosphorus levels were also high. Animal studies indicated good growth and development in rats fed with the blend, with no adverse biochemical or haematological effects. The blend's protein efficiency ratio was 2.5. The blend can therefore be used as an ideal weaning food to improve the nutrition status of Ghanaian children and help solve problems associated with protein-energy malnutrition.

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