scholarly journals Protective Effect of Compound K on Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000
Author(s):  
Xiaotong Shao ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Jinzhuo Zhan ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Liping An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Compound K ◽  
Sod Activity

Purpose Compound K (CK), the metabolic product of protopanaxadiol saponin in vivo, has many pharmacological activities. In this study, we discuss the preparation of CK, and its protective effect on kidneys of diabetic rats. CK was prepared from ginsenoside Rb1 after transformation by β-glucosidase, separation and purification by silica gel column chromatography. In the present study, we established a rat model of diabetes mellitus using high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ). After seven weeks of treatment, the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), total glycerin (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), serum creatinine (Scr), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were evaluated in normal and diabetic rats. Also, renal pathomorphism changes were observed by HE stain, and TGF-β1 protein expression in the renal tissue was measured by Western blot. The yield of CK was 14.55 mg/mL, which was higher than that of other methods. After seven weeks, CK could decrease FBG, TC, TG, LDL-C, BUN, UA, Scr and MDA of diabetic rats, while CK also enhanced HDL-C and GSH, SOD and GSH-PX. Additionally, CK improved the pathological changes and decreased TGF-β1 protein expression in the renal tissue. CK improved the pathological changes in the renal tissue, enhanced the antioxidant capacity, reduced the damage of TGF-β1 to renal tissue, and protected the diabetic rats.

Testicular Injury Attenuated by Rapamycin Through Induction of Autophagy and Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 665-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjiao Shi ◽  
Zhixin Guo ◽  
Ruixia Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Rapamycin Treatment ◽  
Related Proteins

Background and Objective: This study investigated whether rapamycin has a protective effect on the testis of diabetic rats by regulating autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and oxidative stress. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, diabetic, and diabetic treated with rapamycin, which received gavage of rapamycin (2mg.kg-1.d-1) after induction of diabetes. Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 65mg.Kg-1). All rats were sacrificed at the termination after 8 weeks of rapamycin treatment. The testicular pathological changes were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The protein or mRNA expression of autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), p62), ER stress marked proteins (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP), caspase-12), oxidative stress-related proteins (p22phox, nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)) and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)) were assayed by western blot or real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results: There were significant pathological changes in the testes of diabetic rats. The expression of Beclin1, LC3, Nrf2, Bcl-2 were significantly decreased and p62, CHOP, caspase12, p22phox, and Bax were notably increased in the testis of diabetic rats (P <0.05). However, rapamycin treatment for 8 weeks significantly reversed the above changes in the testis of diabetic rats (P <0.05). Conclusion: Rapamycin appears to produce a protective effect on the testes of diabetic rats by inducing the expression of autophagy and inhibiting the expression of ER-stress, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.

scholarly journals Short-Term Feeding of Fibre-Enriched Biscuits: Protective Effect against Hepatotoxicity in Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ochuko L. Erukainure ◽  
Osaretin A. T. Ebuehi ◽  
Folasade O. Adeboyejo ◽  
Olufunmilola O. Oladunmoye ◽  
Muhammad Aliyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

The effects of fibre-enriched biscuit on biomarkers associated with hepatotoxicity in diabetic rats were investigated. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate. Treatment lasted for 14 days after which the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood serum was analyzed to determine hepatic function enzymes. The liver was also analyzed to determine hepatic lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes. Induction of diabetes led to elevated levels of ALP, AST, and ALT. These were, however, significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the fibre-enriched biscuit fed (treated) group. There was no significant difference in the serum bilirubin and total protein levels of the studied groups. Reduced albumin level was observed in the diabetic group; this was further lowered on feeding with fibre-enriched biscuits. Induction of diabetes led to increased hepatic level of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and lipid peroxidation and decreased activities of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and HDL level. These were significantly (p<0.05) reversed on feeding with fibre-enriched biscuit. This study portrays the protective effect of fibre-enriched biscuit on increased oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in hepatic tissues of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Pleurotus tuber-regiumPolysaccharides Attenuate Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Yu Huang ◽  
Mallikarjuna Korivi ◽  
Ying-Ying Chaing ◽  
Ting-Yi Chien ◽  
Ying-Chieh Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Pleurotus tuber-regiumcontains polysaccharides that are responsible for pharmacological actions, and medicinal effects of these polysaccharides have not yet been studied in diabetic rats. We examined the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant properties ofP. tuber-regiumpolysaccharides in experimental diabetic rats. Forty rats were equally assigned as diabetic high-fat (DHF) diet and polysaccharides treated DHF groups (DHF+1P, DHF+2P, and DHF+3P, 20 mg/kg bodyweight/8-week). Diabetes was induced by chronic low-dose streptozotocin injections and a high-fat diet to mimic type 2 diabetes. Polysaccharides (1P, 2P, and 3P) were extracted from three different strains ofP. tuber-regium. Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels substantially decreased, while serum insulin levels were restored by polysaccharides treatment compared to DHF. Furthermore, plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly(P<0.01)lower in polysaccharide groups. High-density lipoprotein levels were attenuated with polysaccharides against diabetes condition. Polysaccharides inhibited(P<0.01)the lipid peroxidation index (malondialdehyde), and restored superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver of diabetic rats. The antihyperglycemic property of polysaccharides perhaps boosts the antioxidant system that attenuates oxidative stress. We emphasize thatP. tuber-regiumpolysaccharides can be considered as an alternative medicine to treat hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals PIPER CHABA EXTRACTS WITH ANTIBIOFILM ACTIVITY INFLUENCE ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC RESPONSES IN DIABETIC WISTER RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
SULTANA RAJIA ◽  
KHADIZA KHANAM ◽  
UMME FARHANA ◽  
SOHANUR RAHMAN ◽  
RASHIDUL HAQUE
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity

Objectives: Piper chaba, native to South and Southeast Asia, has been traditionally used as a medicinal plant. Aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of P. chaba root extracts (RE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats along with its antimicrobial activity. Methods: Diabetes was induced in Wister rats through the intraperitoneal administration of STZ (50 mg/kg b.w.). Antidiabetic and antilipidemic activities of the RE (in methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and distilled water) were evaluated by administering oral dose (200 mg/kg b.w.) for 21 days. Metformin (12.1 mg/kg b.w.) was used as a positive control. Blood samples of rats were drawn by tail vein puncture and cardiac puncture to determine the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), respectively. Standard protocols were followed to determine the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against two different strains of bacteria. Results: Oral administration of P. chaba RE for 21 days resulted in a significant (p< 0.001) decrease in FBG and TC, TG, and LDL levels (p<0.001), when compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Significant (p<0.001) increase of HDL was observed when ethyl acetate and aqueous RE were administered. Out of four, two extracts showed varying antimicrobial activities, particularly against the gram-positive bacteria.  Conclusion: It became evident for the first time that P. chaba extracts possess antimicrobial activities and can serve as biochemical compounds with great alternative therapeutic potential in the management of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.

scholarly journals Myrmecodia platytyrea Methanol Tuber Extract Ameliorates Hyperglycemia In STZ-Induced Diabetic Sprague-Dawley Male Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 338-348
Author(s):  
Mizaton Hazizul Hasan ◽  
Hasbullani Zakaria ◽  
Ibtisam Abdul Wahab ◽  
Thellie Ponto ◽  
Aishah Adam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tuber Extract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the main non-communicable chronic diseases that has many complications that compromise the quality of life. Hence, the need to find alternatives to replace the current therapy or as an adjuvant. Tubers of Myrmecodia platytytrea (Rubiaceae) has been used traditionally as an alternative therapy for the management of cancer and other inflammatory-related disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the potency of M. platytytrea methanolic tuber extract (MPMTE) as an antihyperglycemic agent, in vivo. :The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated orally with MPMTE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) and metformin (positive control, 100 mg/kg) daily for 14 days. Blood glucose level and other biochemistry analysis were conducted including histological examination on liver, kidney and pancreas.  The STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with MPMTE (200 and 400 mg/kg) had significant decreased (p<0.05) in fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with no significant changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) compared to STZ-induced untreated diabetic rats. Liver, kidney and pancreas were devoid of any damage caused by STZ.  MPMTE had strong antihyperglycaemic activity and was protective against any STZ-induced organ damage. Thus, MPMTE can be further developed into an adjuvant therapy for diabetic patients.

Chromium Yeast Supplementation Improves Fasting Plasma Glucose and LDL-Cholesterol in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai ◽  
Chen ◽  
Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chromium Yeast

Chromium yeast supplementation has been studied for its ability to improve carbohydrate and lipid abnormalities. There have been some earlier literature-reported studies involving chromium supplementation amongst patients suffering diabetes, but the results would appear to be somewhat varied. Forty male Wistar rats (ten weeks old, 300 g in average body mass) were divided into one of four groups, namely (i) controls; (ii) controls treated with chromium yeast; (iii) diabetic controls; and (iv) diabetic rats treated with chromium yeast. In the present investigation, the effect of a four-week oral administration of chromium yeast (600 μg of Cr/kg body mass/day, by gavage) upon the glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was assessed. Supplemental Cr yeast decreased the fasting blood glucose amongst the STZ-diabetic rats. No significant difference was observed in plasma fructosamine levels of rats treated with chromium yeast compared to control rats. Supplemental Cr yeast did decrease the plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol level for the STZ-diabetic rats as compared to controls. We noted no significant effect of chromium supplementation upon plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol or triglycerides compared to controls. Treatment with chromium yeast significantly increased the blood and urine chromium levels for both the diabetic and normal rats compared to respective control groups. The results of these studies suggest that Cr yeast decreased the fasting blood glucose and LDL-cholesterol levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. This raises the possibility that Cr yeast supplementation can be considered to improve carbohydrate and lipid metabolism amongst human patients featuring type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of 5,7-Dihydroxy-6-Oxoheptadecanoic Acid on Dysglycemia, Dyslipidemia, and Other Complications in Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2093720
Author(s):  
Cuilan An ◽  
Lingling Wang ◽  
Yongli Liu ◽  
Emmanuel Ayobami Makinde ◽  
Huilian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects

The current study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of 5,7-dihydroxy-6-oxoheptadecanoic acid (DHA) from Tiliacora triandra on rat models of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM was induced with a combination of high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ), and diabetic rats were treated with DHA (25 mg/kg) for 30 days. The body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum, and liver biochemical parameters, as well as histological evaluations of the liver and pancreas, were evaluated. Diabetic rats displayed a significant increase in FBG, serum lipid profiles (triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), liver function enzymes (aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine transaminase), creatinine, liver malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) contents. Furthermore, insulin level and liver antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px]) were significantly reduced in the diabetic rats. Whereas, treatment with DHA significantly reduced FBG, serum lipids, liver function enzymes, serum creatinine, liver MDA, and MPO contents. In addition, treatment with DHA significantly increased serum insulin level and liver SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities. In addition, DHA alleviated histopathological changes in the pancreas and liver caused by T2DM. These results portray the antidiabetic and antioxidative properties of DHA and can be considered as a potential treatment for T2DM.

scholarly journals Glycaemic, Lipidaemic and Antioxidant Profiles of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats Treated with Glibenclamide and Aqueous Extract of Gongronema latifolium (Benth)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-413
Author(s):  
Patrick Emeka ABA
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The current study investigated the ameliorative effects of combined therapy of glibenclamide and G. latifolium (GL) on several biochemical parameters of alloxaized Wistar rats. Thirty adult male Wistar rats assigned into 5 groups of 6 rats each were used for the study. Groups 2-5 were intraperitoneally injected with 160 mg/kg of alloxan monohydrate and upon establishment of diabetes (Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) ≥ 126 mg/dl) were treated with 10 ml/kg distilled water (DW), 2 mg/kg glibenclamide, 200 mg/kg GL and 2 mg/kg glibenclamide and 200 mg/kg GL respectively. Rats in group 1 were not made diabetic and served as normal control. All the treatments were realized through daily oral route using gastric tube, for 21 days. Results indicated that the treatment of diabetic rats with a combination of glibenclamide and GL significantly reduced the elevated glucose levels, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein and malondialdehyde levels, along with increases in the high density lipoprotein, glutathione values and catalase activities, when compared to diabetic untreated group. It was concluded that the combined therapy of glibenclamide and GL showed superior antihyperglycemic, hypolipidaemic and antioxidant effects compared to either of them used alone.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ANTI-OXIDATIVE AND ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIAL OF IN VITRO AND IN VIVO ROOT AND LEAF EXTRACTS OF WITHANIA SOMNIFERA ON STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somanatha Jena ◽  
Ram C. Jena ◽  
Rasmita Bhol ◽  
Khusbu Agarwal ◽  
Ansuman Sarangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Root Extracts

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present investigation explores the possibilities of using the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo </em>root and leaf extracts of <em>Withania somnifera </em>for anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidaemic effects on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><em>In vitro </em>shoot cultures of <em>Withania somnifera</em> were raised by the axillary proliferation in nodal explants from a garden grown plant using Murashige and Skoog medium then <em>in</em><em> vitro</em> raised roots and shoots were used for the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidaemic experiment. After 72 h of STZ administration, the fasting blood glucose levels were measured and the rats showing FBG level&gt;220 mg/dl were considered to be diabetic and were used for the hyperglycemic study. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> methanolic root and leaf extracts were orally administered daily to diabetic rats for eight weeks. After the treatment period, blood glucose and serum enzymes like aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c high density lipoprotein-bound cholesterol, LDL-c low density lipoprotein-bound cholesterol, LDH, serum protein level, total phenolics and anti-oxidative analysis (DPPH and FRAP) were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The levels of blood glucose, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, HDL-c significantly increased by the use of <em>in vitro</em> methanolic root extracts compared to normal control rats. However, remarkable loss of total protein, albumin, albumin: globulin (A: G) ratio was reported in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by using <em>in vitro</em> root extracts. Methanolic <em>in vitro</em> root extract at the dose levels of 300 mg/kg body weight produced a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (FBG) level by 102.65 with respect to initial fasting blood glucose level after 30 d of the treatment. <em>In vitro</em> root extract demonstrated highest DPPH and FRAP free radical scavenging activity, i.e. 86.55±1.77 and 48.87±2.55 than other extracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It may be concluded that methanolic <em>in vitro</em> root extract <em>W. somnifera </em>at the dose (300 mg/kg) has more potent anti-hyperglycaemic activity than the other <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo </em>extracts of leaf and root on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and was also found to be similar in effect to that of the standard drug ‘Glibenclamide’.</p>

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