Bioactive Constituents and Antioxidant Activity of Some Carpathian Basin Honeys

Unifloral honeys have a high commercial value and should undergo a strict quality control before marketing. This study aimed at determining floral origin, polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in 7 samples marketed as lavender and thyme honeys. The samples were subjected to pollen analysis to confirm their botanical origin. Coupled chromatographic techniques (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS) were optimized for the separation and identification of polyphenolic compounds. The antioxidant properties of the samples were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Pollen profile analysis revealed that only 3 out of 5 alleged lavender honeys contained a low percentage (0.6-1.5) of lavender pollen; and there were only traces (0.1–0.6%) of thyme pollen in the alleged thyme honeys. Polyphenolic constituents did not allow for the clear separation of honey samples, revealing no marker compounds previously associated with lavender and thyme honeys. All samples contained large amounts of chlorogenic acid, chrysin, hesperetin, kaempferol and p-coumaric acid; as well as abscisic acid, a plant hormone known to be present in floral nectar and honey. Our results suggest that only one of five alleged lavender honeys and neither of the two alleged thyme honeys are true unifloral honeys. However, they can still provide various health benefits, such as being good sources of antioxidants. There was no relationship between the antioxidant activity and the uni- or multifloral character of the honey samples. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was the lowest in the honey sample with lavender and the highest in one of the alleged lavender honeys. Our findings highlight the importance of microscopical and phytochemical analyses of honeys before marketing, to ensure satisfactory quality for customers.

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Effect of Parinari curatellifolia Peel Flour on the Nutritional, Physical and Antioxidant Properties of Biscuits

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9081262 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1262

Author(s):

Shonisani Eugenia Ramashia ◽

Felicia Matshepho Mamadisa ◽

Mpho Edward Mashau

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Yellowness Index ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Parinari Curatellifolia ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

The Impact

This study investigated the impact of Parinari curatellifolia peel flour on the nutritional, physical and antioxidant properties of formulated biscuits. Biscuits enriched with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of Parinari (P). curatellifolia peel flour were formulated and characterised. Thermal, physicochemical, polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of flour and biscuits were determined. The incorporation of P. curatellifolia peel flour significantly increased (p < 0.05) thermal properties (onset, peak and conclusion temperatures) of flour. However, enthalpy of gelatinisation, viscosity and pH of flour samples decreased. Nutritional analysis revealed an increase in ash (0.74% to 2.23%) and crude fibre contents (0.39% to 2.95%) along with an increase of P. curatellifolia peel flour levels. Protein content and carbohydrates decreased while moisture content was insignificantly affected by the addition of P. curatellifolia peel flour. The L*, b* values and whiteness index of formulated biscuits decreased while parameter a* value (10.76 to 21.89) and yellowness index (69.84 to 102.71) decreased. Physical properties such as diameter (3.57 mm to 3.97 mm), spread ratio (2.67 to 3.45) and hardness (1188.13 g to 2432.60 g) increased with the inclusion levels of peel flour while weight and thickness decreased. The inclusion of P. curatellifolia improved the polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of biscuits with values of total flavonoids content ranging from 0.028 to 0.104 mg CE/g, total phenolic content increasing from 20.01 mg to 48.51 mg GAE/g, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) increasing from 108.33 mg to 162.67 mg GAE/g and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) from 48.70% to 94.72%. These results lead to the recommendation of the utilisation of P. curatellifolia peel flour to enhance the nutritional value, polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of bakery products such as biscuits.

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The Content of Selected Minerals, Bioactive Compounds, and the Antioxidant Properties of the Flowers and Fruit of Selected Cultivars and Wildly Growing Plants of Sambucus nigra L.

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25040876 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 876 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Karolina Młynarczyk ◽

Dorota Walkowiak-Tomczak ◽

Halina Staniek ◽

Marcin Kidoń ◽

Grzegorz P. Łysiak

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Spectrophotometric Methods ◽

Bioactive Properties ◽

High Concentrations

This study compared the mineral content and bioactive properties of flowers and fruit coming from wild elderberry plants with those of flowers and fruit harvested from elderberry cultivars grown in an orchard. Elderberry fruit and flowers were analyzed for the content of selected minerals, phenolic compounds, and anthocyanins, as well as for antioxidant activity. Mineral content was determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry method, while antioxidant activity and the content of polyphenols and anthocyanins were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Flowers were found to contain more total ash and much higher content of most of minerals, except magnesium which was present in high concentrations in fruit. Fruit showed significantly higher antioxidant activity than flowers, whereas the total phenolic content varied depending on the growing location or cultivar. The material obtained from selected cultivars growing in an orchard had higher antioxidant activity and polyphenol and anthocyanin content than the material obtained from wild plants. Fruit of the ”Haschberg” cultivar and flowers of the ”Sampo” cultivar had the best bioactive properties of the studied samples.

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Comparison of Different Extraction Solvents for Characterization of Antioxidant Potential and Polyphenolic Composition in Boletus edulis and Cantharellus cibarius Mushrooms from Romania

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26247508 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (24) ◽

pp. 7508

Author(s):

Melinda Fogarasi ◽

Maria-Ioana Socaciu ◽

Claudiu-Dan Sălăgean ◽

Floricuța Ranga ◽

Anca Corina Fărcaș ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Acidic Water ◽

Boletus Edulis ◽

Polyphenolic Composition

Edible mushrooms are well-known for their nutritional benefits and low energy density. In addition, mushroom extracts contain various bioactive compounds that account for their antioxidant activity; the applied extraction conditions influence the extraction efficiency of such compounds. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of four extractants on the content of polyphenols and antioxidant properties of Boletus edulis and Cantharellus cibarius mushrooms, aiming to optimize the extraction process. Powders of B. edulis and C. cibarius mushrooms were subjected to extraction with acidic water (10% CH3COOH), ethanol/water/acetic acid (15:76.5:8.5, v/v/v), hexane, and diethyl ether to measure their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). Furthermore, the level of individual polyphenolic compounds in these extracts was quantified using an HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method. Results showed that the type of solvent significantly influenced the TPC and TEAC of mushroom powder but insignificantly influenced the TFC. A very strong positive correlation was found between TPC and TEAC, but no correlation was found between TFC and TEAC or TPC and TFC. Acidic water extracted the highest amount of polyphenolic compounds from these mushroom powders. Therefore, the aqueous extract showed the highest TPC and strongest antioxidant activity. Thus, acidic water is recommended for polyphenol analysis in B. edulis and C. cibarius mushrooms.

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Impact of Plant Origin on Eurasian Propolis on Phenolic Profile and Classical Antioxidant Activity

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11010068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Piotr Okińczyc ◽

Jarosław Widelski ◽

Jakub Szperlik ◽

Magdalena Żuk ◽

Tomasz Mroczek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Array Detector ◽

Phenolic Profile ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Marker Compounds ◽

Electron Donation

Propolis is a bee product with known medical properties, including antioxidant activity. The scope of the study is profiling 19 different Eurasian propolis samples (mostly from Russia and Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Poland, Ukraine, and Slovakia). Profiles of propolises were investigated by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS). Classical antioxidant properties, which are based on electron donation mechanism, were assessed by DPPH, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also evaluated by colorimetric tests. Most of the samples exhibited significant content of polyphenols (from 30.28 to 145.24 mg GAE/g of propolis) and flavonoids (from 10.45 to 82.71 mg GAE/g of propolis). Most of the propolis samples exhibited potent antiradical (DPPH test—from 8.83 to 64.47 mg GAE/g of propolis) and reducing activity (FRAP test—from 0.08 to 1.17 mmol Fe2+/g of propolis). Based on the occurrence of marker compounds, propolis samples were classified as poplar, aspen–birch, aspen–poplar, and aspen–birch–poplar type. Main markers present in propolis of poplar (e.g., chrysin, pinocembrin, galangin, and 3-O-acetyl-pinobanksin), birch (ermanin and acacetin) and aspen (2-acetyl-1,3-di-p-coumaroylglycerol) origin were used. DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC tests results were correlated with flavonoids, total polyphenols, or the polyphenols other than flavonoids content. In term of activity, poplar propolis type was variable, while aspen–birch–poplar type usually exhibited high DPPH and FRAP activity.

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Antioxidant Properties of Fruit and Vegetable Whey Beverages and Fruit and Vegetable Mousses

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26113126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3126

Author(s):

Aleksandra Purkiewicz ◽

Renata Pietrzak-Fiećko

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Chlorophyll B ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

Spectrophotometric Methods ◽

Chlorophylls A And B ◽

Whey Beverages ◽

Β Carotene

The study assesses the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, total flavonoids content and lipophilic pigments (β-carotene, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b) content in homemade and marketed fruit and vegetable whey beverages and fruit and vegetable mousses. All of the tests were performed using spectrophotometric methods. The highest polyphenol content was found in the homemade green whey beverage W1G (541.95 mg/100 g) and the lowest in the market green whey beverage W2G (46.18 mg/100 g). In the fruit and vegetable mousses under study, the highest content of polyphenolic compounds was determined in the red mousse R3 (76.41 mg/100 g). The highest content of flavonoids was observed in the homemade orange whey beverage W1O (63.06 mg/100 g) and in the green mousse G2 (69.80 mg/100 g). The values of the antioxidant activity of whey beverages and mousses varied depending on the composition. The highest content of β-carotene was identified in homemade orange whey beverage (4.36 mg/100 g) and in orange mousses (in range 1.10–2.24 mg/100 g), while chlorophylls a and b—in homemade green whey beverage W1G (3.00 mg/100 g and 1.31 mg/100 g respectively) and in green mousses (chlorophyll a in range 0.54 to 1.42 mg/100 g and chlorophyll b in range 0.13 to 0.32 mg/100 g).

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The Content of Selected Minerals, Bioactive Compounds and the Antioxidant Properties of the Flowers and Fruit of Selected Cultivars and Wildly Growing Plants of Sambucus nigra

10.20944/preprints202001.0141.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Karolina Młynarczyk ◽

Dorota Walkowiak-Tomczak ◽

Halina Staniek ◽

Marcin Kidoń ◽

Grzegorz Łysiak

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Spectrophotometric Methods ◽

Bioactive Properties ◽

High Concentrations

This study compared the mineral content and bioactive properties of flowers and fruit coming from wild elderberry plants with those of flowers and fruit harvested from elderberry cultivars grown in an orchard. Elderberry fruit and flowers were analysed for the content of selected minerals, phenolic compounds and anthocyanins and for antioxidant activity. Mineral content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry method, while antioxidant activity and the content of polyphenols and anthocyanins were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Flowers were found to contain more total ash and to have much higher content of most of minerals, except magnesium, which was present in high concentrations in fruit. Fruit showed significantly higher antioxidant activity than flowers, whereas the total phenolic content varied depending on the growing location / cultivar. The material obtained from selected cultivars growing in an orchard had higher antioxidant activity and polyphenol and anthocyanin content than the material obtained from wild plants. Fruit of the ‘Haschberg’ cultivar and flowers of the ‘Sampo’ cultivar had the best bioactive properties of the studied samples.

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Evaluation of diuretic and antioxidant properties in aqueous bark and fruit extracts of pine

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163817666200206105231 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hadi Shariati ◽

Mohammad Hassanpour ◽

Gholamreza Sharifzadeh ◽

Asghar Zarban ◽

Saeed Samarghandian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Pine Bark ◽

Male Rats ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Dose Dependent

Objective: The present study has been carried out to evaluate the diuretic and antioxidant properties of pine herb in an animal model. Materials and Methods: 45 adult male rats were randomly divided into nine groups including: groups I (the negative control), groups II (positive control, furosemide 10 mg/kg), groups III to VIII (treatment groups received 100, 200, 400 mg/kg of the aqueous extracts of bark and fruit) and group IX received the combination of aqueous extract of bark (100 mg/kg) and the fruit (100 mg/kg). The urine output, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), electrolytes, urea, and creatinine levels were evaluated . Furthermore, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of both extracts were also assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Folin–Ciocalteu methods. Results: The aqueous extracts of the pine bark and fruit increased the urinary output in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of the two extracts compared to the other extracts alone significantly increased the serum potassium level. This study also showed each extract increase creatinine clearance in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01 and p<0.05). The increase of GFR in the combination group was not significant. The current data showed a significant increase in the total phenolic content in pine bark extract in compared with the fruit extract. Conclusion: The pine bark and fruit can be useful in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones due to the high antioxidant activity.

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Effect of particle size on phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Sargassum cristaefolium ethanol extract

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95769-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

E. S. Prasedya ◽

A. Frediansyah ◽

N. W. R. Martyasari ◽

B. K. Ilhami ◽

A. S. Abidin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Particle Size ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Particle Sizes ◽

Epicatechin Gallate ◽

Particle Size Reduction ◽

Phytochemical Composition

AbstractSample particle size is an important parameter in the solid–liquid extraction system of natural products for obtaining their bioactive compounds. This study evaluates the effect of sample particle size on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of brown macroalgae Sargassum cristaefolium. The crude ethanol extract was extracted from dried powders of S.cristeafolium with various particle sizes (> 4000 µm, > 250 µm, > 125 µm, > 45 µm, and < 45 µm). The ethanolic extracts of S.cristaefolium were analysed for Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activities. The extract yield and phytochemical composition were more abundant in smaller particle sizes. Furthermore, the TPC (14.19 ± 2.08 mg GAE/g extract to 43.27 ± 2.56 mg GAE/g extract) and TFC (9.6 ± 1.8 mg QE/g extract to 70.27 ± 3.59 mg QE/g extract) values also significantly increased as particle sizes decreased. In addition, phenolic compounds epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) concentration were frequently increased in samples of smaller particle sizes based on two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison analysis. These results correlate with the significantly stronger antioxidant activity in samples with smaller particle sizes. The smallest particle size (< 45 µm) demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity based on DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl assay and FRAP. In addition, ramp function graph evaluates the desired particle size for maximum phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity is 44 µm. In conclusion, current results show the importance of particle size reduction of macroalgae samples to increase the effectivity of its biological activity.

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Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Growth Behavior in Lettuce Cultivars Grown under Field and Greenhouse Conditions

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/foods_2020-07709 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Melisa Lanza Volpe ◽

Verónica C. Soto Vargas ◽

Anabel Morón ◽

Roxana E. González

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Growth Behavior ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Spectrophotometric Methods ◽

Leafy Greens ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Field Production

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most important leafy greens worldwide. The nutritional value of its edible leaf depends on different factors including type and growing conditions. The aim was to determine the bioactive compounds content, antioxidant activity and growth behavior of twenty-two lettuce genotypes, cultivated under field and greenhouse conditions. Total phenolic compound, chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activities were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant differences between bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and growth behavior were found among cultivars and morphological types, for both growth conditions. Carotenoid and chlorophyll content was higher in greenhouse conditions for all genotypes. In field production, butterhead and iceberg lettuces showed lower content of these bioactive compounds. The red-pigmented Falbala cultivar from field production showed the highest level of polyphenols and anthocyanin. Meanwhile, in greenhouse conditions, the oak leaf cultivar Grenadine displayed the highest concentration of these phenolic compounds. The iceberg type lettuce showed the lowest percentages of antioxidant activity in both environments. The results showed the effect of growing conditions and the high variability in lettuce bioactive compounds content and antioxidant activity among the different types.

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Evaluation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in some edible flowers

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2020-0087 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 857-870

Author(s):

Fernando Gonçalves ◽

João Carlos Gonçalves ◽

Ana Cristina Ferrão ◽

Paula Correia ◽

Raquel P. F. Guiné

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Potential Health ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Spectrophotometric Methods ◽

Potential Source ◽

Successive Extraction ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Total Anthocyanins

AbstractRecently, edible flowers (EF) have aroused increased interest because of their aesthetic properties as well as potential health benefits related to the occurrence of some bioactive compounds. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the total phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity (AOA) (following DPPH and ABTS methods) in eleven EF. The samples were subjected to three successive extraction steps using methanol, and these extracts were then analysed for the aforementioned properties using spectrophotometric methods. The obtained extracts were used for the quantification of phenolic composition and AOA. The results indicated that, among the flowers analysed in this study, red rose, pink rose, and red carnation possessed the highest total phenolic contents (27.53, 23.30, and 18.17 mg g−1 gallic acid equivalents, respectively), total anthocyanins (3.07, 1.97, and 4.47 mg g−1 catechin equivalents [CE], respectively), and AOA (12.07, 15.77, and 12.93 mg g−1 TE, respectively, as given by the DPPH method or 8.23, 9.27 and 8.00 mg g−1 TE, respectively, as given by the ABTS method). The flowers with highest flavonoids contents were red carnation, Mexican marigold, and pink rose (17.50, 16.90, and 16.57 mg g−1 CE, respectively). Cluster analysis grouped the analysed flowers into two groups, those richest in phenolics with AOA and those not so rich. Finally, some important correlations were observed between the total phenolics and the AOA. In conclusion, these flowers could represent a potential source of natural compounds with antioxidant capacity.

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