scholarly journals Medical Cannabis for the Treatment of Inflammation

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dvory Namdar ◽  
Hinanit Koltai
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bowel Diseases

The connection between Cannabis sativa‘s chemical compounds and their ability to treat three different inflammatory ailments including bowel diseases, (IBD, e.g., Crohn's and ulcerative colitis), neuronal diseases (IND, e.g., Parkinson and Alzheimer), and a wide range of inflammatory skin diseases (ISD, e.g., atopic dermatitis and psoriasis) is presented. We review the range of experiments conducted over the last decade using either the whole extract of cannabis or separated mono-phytocannabinoids in the attempt to decipher the lead molecules, the receptors involved, the effects on genes and proteins, and especially the therapeutic potency of cannabis-derived compounds for treating these different inflammatory diseases. Along with the specifications for its current cutting-edge potential, the drawbacks and the designated needs for additional specific information from future research are indicated.

scholarly journals Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Syzygium nervosum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Giang Nam Pham ◽  
Tu Thanh Thi Nguyen ◽  
Hieu Nguyen-Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Past Study ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Number Of Publications

Syzygium nervosum, which belongs to the Myrtaceae plant family, is widely distributed and cultivated in South East Asian countries. The decoction of S. nervosum leaves and flower buds has been consumed regularly as a beverage among the Vietnamese and Chinese communities. In addition, it has also been used in traditional medicine for a variety of purposes, notably for influenza, skin diseases, and digestive conditions. To date, there has been a considerable number of publications on chemical profiling and pharmacological activities of S. nervosum crude extract and pure isolated compounds. Our analysis indicated the characteristic chemical scaffolds and potential bioactivities on cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases of this plant. The review aims to summarize up-to-date past study results and suggest future research direction on this species, in order to promote clinical applications of S. nervosum.

scholarly journals IL-1 Family Antagonists in Mouse and Human Skin Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praxedis Martin ◽  
Jérémie D. Goldstein ◽  
Loïc Mermoud ◽  
Alejandro Diaz-Barreiro ◽  
Gaby Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Skin Biology

Interleukin (IL)-1 family cytokines initiate inflammatory responses, and shape innate and adaptive immunity. They play important roles in host defense, but excessive immune activation can also lead to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. Dysregulated IL-1 family signaling is observed in a variety of skin disorders. In particular, IL-1 family cytokines have been linked to the pathogenesis of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. The biological activity of pro-inflammatory IL-1 family agonists is controlled by the natural receptor antagonists IL-1Ra and IL-36Ra, as well as by the regulatory cytokines IL-37 and IL-38. These four anti-inflammatory IL-1 family members are constitutively and highly expressed at steady state in the epidermis, where keratinocytes are a major producing cell type. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge concerning their regulatory roles in skin biology and inflammation and their therapeutic potential in human inflammatory skin diseases. We further highlight some common misunderstandings and less well-known observations, which persist in the field despite recent extensive interest for these cytokines.

scholarly journals A Molecular Perspective on the Potential Benefits of Metformin for the Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8960
Author(s):  
Ji-Eun Chang ◽  
Min Sik Choi
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Cytokine Network ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Inflammatory Skin ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
Hyperglycemic Effect

Due to its anti-hyperglycemic effect, metformin is the first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people who are obese. However, metformin is a drug with a very wide range of pharmacological properties and reports of its therapeutic effect on diseases including inflammation and cancer are increasing. Numerous research groups have reported that metformin has beneficial effects on a variety of inflammatory skin disorders including psoriasis, acanthosis nigricans, acne, hidradenitis suppurativa, and allergic contact dermatitis. According to these reports, in addition to the well-known action of metformin, that is, its anti-hyperglycemic effect, NF-kB inhibition and the resulting alteration to the cytokine network may be the potential targets of metformin. Its anti-hyperandrogenism effect has also been confirmed as the major action of metformin in some inflammatory skin diseases. Moreover, novel regulatory mechanisms, including autophagy and antioxidant processes, have been suggested as promising mechanisms of action for metformin in inflammatory skin disorders.

scholarly journals P-Selectin Expression in Canine Cutaneous Inflammatory Diseases and Mast Cell Tumors

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chénier ◽  
M. Doré
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Initial Adhesion ◽  
Selectin Family ◽  
Local Recruitment

P-selectin, a member of the selectin family of adhesion molecules, mediates the initial adhesion of leukocytes to the blood vessel wall during their emigration from the circulation. Adhesion molecules play an important role in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including various skin conditions. The objectives of the present study were to characterize the expression of vascular P-selectin in the skin of dogs suffering from inflammatory diseases or from common cutaneous neoplasms, and to determine if a correlation exists between P-selectin expression and inflammatory cell infiltration in these conditions. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed canine skin using a specific anti-canine P-selectin monoclonal antibody (MD3). Results showed that P-selectin was minimally expressed in normal canine skin. However, the number of P-selectin-expressing blood vessels was significantly increased ( P < 0.05) in cases of allergic dermatitis, autoimmune dermatitis, pyogranulomatous dermatitis, dermatophytosis, and panniculitis. Highest P-selectin expression (percentage of MD3-positive vessels and intensity of the reaction) was observed in cases of autoimmune and pyogranulomatous dermatitis (55.3 ± 7.4 and 44.0 ± 9.9% P-selectin-positive vessels, respectively). In all conditions studied, a positive correlation existed between the number of P-selectin-positive blood vessels and the number of infiltrating leukocytes ( r = 0.556, P < 0.01). A significant number of blood vessels in mast cell tumors also expressed P-selectin, whereas no staining was observed in any of the histiocytomas examined. These results reveal that P-selectin expression is increased in different types of canine inflammatory skin diseases and suggest that P-selectin could participate in the local recruitment of leukocytes in canine cutaneous diseases.

scholarly journals Effect of Neferine on DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in HaCaT Cells and BALB/c Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8237
Author(s):  
Chung-Chi Yang ◽  
Yen-Ling Hung ◽  
Wen-Chin Ko ◽  
Yi-Ju Tsai ◽  
Jia-Feng Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Skin

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and persistent inflammatory skin disease characterized by eczematous lesions and itching, and it has become a serious health problem. However, the common clinical treatments provide limited relief and are accompanied by adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel and effective therapies to treat AD. Neferine is a small molecule compound isolated from the green embryo of the mature seeds of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). It has a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid structure. Relevant studies have shown that neferine has many pharmacological and biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and anti-diabetic activities. However, there are very few studies on neferine in the skin, especially the related effects on inflammatory skin diseases. In this study, we proved that it has the potential to be used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Through in vitro studies, we found that neferine inhibited the expression of cytokines and chemokines in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells, and it reduced the phosphorylation of MAPK and the NF-κB signaling pathway. Through in vivo experiments, we used 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to induce atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in a mouse model. Our results show that neferine significantly decreased the skin barrier damage, scratching responses, and epidermal hyperplasia induced by DNCB. It significantly decreased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), erythema, blood flow, and ear thickness and increased surface skin hydration. Moreover, it also inhibited the expression of cytokines and the activation of signaling pathways. These results indicate that neferine has good potential as an alternative medicine for the treatment of atopic dermatitis or other skin-related inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Contributions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ to skin health and disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Montagner ◽  
Walter Wahli
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Health And Disease

AbstractAmong the three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) transcription factors, PPARβ/δ is the isotype with the broadest expression pattern. In fact, the expression of PPARβ/δ is ubiquitous, albeit at levels that are tightly regulated. Herein, we reviewed its multiple functions in skin health and disease. PPARβ/δ has pro-differentiating effects in keratinocytes, regulates sebocyte differentiation, and promotes hair follicle growth in healthy skin. Furthermore, we reviewed novel insights into the roles of PPARβ/δ in skin wound healing, especially in inhibiting apoptosis and in modulating keratinocyte proliferation and migration. Therefore, PPARβ/δ represents a research target for the understanding and treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis and acne vulgaris. In addition, PPARβ/δ is a tumor growth modifier. Epidemiological studies have established that tumor progression may be exacerbated by chronic low-grade inflammation, a condition promoting the production of the lipids that act as modulators of PPARβ/δ activity. The action of PPARβ/δ in skin cancer is ambivalent, which might be explained by this receptor’s putative highly context-specific behavior, which depends on a combination of factors ranging from receptor expression levels to co-regulator distribution, diversity and activity of the ligands produced, and other tissue-specific conditions. Given its diverse and crucial roles in many tissues and organs, PPARβ/δ will remain a major focus of future research.

scholarly journals Role of Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Kasraie ◽  
Thomas Werfel
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Cutaneous Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Phase ◽  
New Findings

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common and most intensively studied chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Several cofactors, such as an impaired skin barrier function, modifications of the immune system, and a complex genetic background, direct the course of AD. Within this complex network, macrophages play a pivotal role in enhanced susceptibility to cutaneous infections and act as central connecting components in the pathogenesis of AD on the cellular level. In AD, macrophages are known to accumulate in acutely and chronically inflamed skin. During the early and short inflammatory phase, macrophages exert proinflammatory functions like antigen-presenting phagocytosis and the production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors that facilitate the resolution of inflammation. However, persistence of pro-inflammatory activity and altered function of macrophages result in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases such as AD. The exact mechanism of macrophages activation in these processes is not yet completely understood. Further studies should be performed to clarify the dysregulated mechanism of macrophages activation in AD, and this would allow us to target these cells with versatile functions for therapeutic purpose and improve and control the disease. In this paper, we highlight the new findings on dysregulated function of macrophages and the importance of these cells in the pathogenesis of AD in general and the contribution of these cells in enhanced susceptibility against microbial infections in particular.

scholarly journals Hypoxia is a key mechanism for regulating inflammation in ulcerative colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Postovalova ◽  
Olga V. Makarova ◽  
Anna M. Kosyreva ◽  
Dzhuliia S. Dzhalilova
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Microcirculatory Disorders

Intestinal bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), is the group of difficult to diagnose widespread among the population diseases. Pathogenesis of the disease is associated with a complex interaction of the genetic factors, the environment, the microbiome and the unpredicted reaction of the immune system, and the existing treatment methods are not effective enough. It is known, that hypoxia plays a key role in both system and local inflammatory reactions, mainly due to microcirculatory disorders and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Therefore a lot of studies have demonstrated that severity of any inflammatory diseases, including Crohn's disease (CD) and UC depends on hypoxia resistance. In this review we discussed microcirculation of blood and physiological hypoxia in the intestine, the role of hypoxia-inducible factors in the development of IBD and UC, as well as their influence on the severity of the inflammatory process. Authors described the protective effect of various PHD inhibitors and its benefits and disadvantages, so as new approaches of searching of very specific low molecular weight substanses as drugs for the control of IBD and UC.

scholarly journals Role of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation in Inflammatory Chronic Skin Diseases

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3559
Author(s):  
Maddalena Napolitano ◽  
Gabriella Fabbrocini ◽  
Fabrizio Martora ◽  
Vincenzo Picone ◽  
Paola Morelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Chronic Skin ◽  
Chronic Skin Diseases

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) is an evolutionary transcription factor which acts as a crucial sensor of different exogenous and endogenous molecules Recent data indicate that AhR is implicated in several physiological processes such as cell physiology, host defense, proliferation and differentiation of immune cells, and detoxification. Moreover, AhR involvement has been reported in the development and maintenance of several pathological conditions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have accumulated highlighting the regulatory role of AhR in the physiology of the skin. However, there is evidence of both beneficial and harmful effects of AHR signaling. At present, most of the evidence concerns inflammatory skin diseases, in particular atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne, and hidradenitis suppurativa. This review examines the role of AhR in skin homeostasis and the therapeutic implication of its pharmacological modulation in these cutaneous inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Naringenin Nano-Delivery Systems and Their Therapeutic Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bhia ◽  
Mahzad Motallebi ◽  
Banafshe Abadi ◽  
Atefeh Zarepour ◽  
Miguel Pereira-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Wide Range

Naringenin (NRG) is a polyphenolic phytochemical belonging to the class of flavanones and is widely distributed in citrus fruits and some other fruits such as bergamot, tomatoes, cocoa, and cherries. NRG presents several interesting pharmacological properties, such as anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the therapeutic potential of NRG is hampered due to its hydrophobic nature, which leads to poor bioavailability. Here, we review a wide range of nanocarriers that have been used as delivery systems for NRG, including polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), nanosuspensions, and nanoemulsions. These nanomedicine formulations of NRG have been applied as a potential treatment for several diseases, using a wide range of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models and different routes of administration. From this review, it can be concluded that NRG is a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, liver diseases, ocular disorders, inflammatory diseases, skin diseases, and diabetes when formulated in the appropriate nanocarriers.

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