Expression of proteins associated with airway fibrosis differs between children with allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AA) exhibit similar inflammatory response in the airways. However, the remodelling is more extensive in the lower airways, suggesting that the inflammation itself is not sufficient for allergic phenotype. We aimed to analyse whether the expression of selected 27 inflammatory and fibrosis-related proteins may be altered in AR and AA in the paediatric population and whether the expression pattern is either similar (due to the inflammation) or disease-specific (due to the remodelling). We analysed 80 paediatric subjects: 39 with AA, 21 with AR and 20 healthy children. The diagnosis of AR and AA was based on clinical manifestation, lung function, positive skin prick tests and increased immunoglobulin E levels. Serum levels of selected inflammatory proteins were measured with custom Magnetic Luminex Assay. Statistical analysis was performed in Statistica v.13. CCL2/MCP1, GM-CSF, gp130 and periostin concentrations were significantly lower, whereas IL-5 levels were higher in AA compared to the control group. CD-40L, CHI3L1/YKL-40, EGF, GM-CSF and periostin levels were significantly decreased in patients with AR than in the control group. Comparison of AA and AR patients revealed significant changes in CHI3L1/YKL-40 ( P = 0.021), IL-5 ( P = 0.036), periostin ( P = 0.013) and VEGFα ( P = 0.046). Significantly altered proteins were good predictors to distinguish between AA and AR ( P < 0.001, OR 46.00, accuracy 88.57%). Our results suggest that the expression of four fibrotic proteins was significantly altered between AA and AR, suggesting possible differences in airway remodelling between upper and lower airways.

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Comparison of serum interleukin-33 levels in children with allergic respiratory diseases

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns2004088m ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (3-4) ◽

pp. 88-93

Author(s):

Borko Milanovic ◽

Gordana Vijatov-Djuric ◽

Mirjana Stojsic ◽

Aleksandra Milutinovic ◽

Jelena Stojcevic-Maletic

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Allergic Asthma ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Asthma Severity ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Interleukin 33 ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Introduction. Recent studies point to the importance of interleukin-33 in the pathogenesis of allergic respiratory diseases. The relationship of interleukin-33 and certain allergic respiratory diseases as well as their characteristics is not fully elucidated. The basic aim of this research was to determine interleukin-33 serum levels in children with allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, as well as to examine the relationship between obtained interleukin-33 levels and individual clinical characteristics of these patients. Material and Methods. Serum interleukin- 33 levels were measured in a total of 91 children. The study group included 39 children with both allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, and also 22 children with allergic asthma without allergic rhinitis. The control group included 30 healthy children. Results. Serum levels of interleukin-33 in children with both allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis were significantly higher compared to those in children with allergic asthma only (?2 = 7.01; p = 0.008; p < 0.01). Both groups of patients had significantly higher interleukin-33 serum levels compared to healthy children (?2 = 7.01; p = 0.008; p < 0.01). The correlation between serum interleukin-33 levels and allergic asthma severity was statistically significant (rs = 0.289; p = 0.024; p < 0.05). Conclusion. Serum levels of interleukin-33 were significantly higher in children with allergic respiratory diseases compared to healthy examinees. Significantly higher levels of serum interleukin-33 levels were found in children with both allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, compared to children with allergic asthma only. Patients with higher interleukin- 33 serum levels also had a more severe type of allergic asthma.

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Vitamin D Status in Egyptian Children With Allergic Rhinitis

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/0145561319850814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (8) ◽

pp. 508-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khaled Saad ◽

Abobakr Abdelmoghny ◽

Mohamed Diab Aboul-Khair ◽

Yasser Farouk Abdel-Raheem ◽

Eman Fathalla Gad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Egyptian Children

Objective: This study aimed to assess the serum levels of vitamin D in an Egyptian cohort of children with allergic rhinitis (AR) and to evaluate any correlation of vitamin D status with the disease severity. Patient and methods: One hundred twenty children with AR and 100 healthy children were included in our study. We studied the serum levels of vitamin D 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D in all participants. The associations between vitamin D levels and clinical characteristics of AR were examined. Results: In AR group, the serum levels of calcium, (25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels were significantly lower ( p < .0001, p < .001, and p < .0001, respectively) in AR children than in controls. Furthermore, the mean 25-OHD3 levels in patients with moderate/severe AR were significantly lower than those with mild AR ( p < .001). We found significant negative correlations between mean 25(OH)D levels and total nasal symptom score ( r = −.62, p = .002) and total immunoglobulin E levels ( r = −.27, p = .013) in AR group. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is a frequent finding among Egyptian children with AR when compared to the healthy group. A significant inverse association was observed between vitamin D levels and AR disease severity.

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Increased Nasal Eosinophils in Children with Otitis Media with Effusion

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459989611500517 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 115 (5) ◽

pp. 454-457

Author(s):

Carlo Caffarelu ◽

Giovanni Cavagni ◽

Salvatore Giordano ◽

Enrico Savini ◽

Giorgio Piacentini

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Allergic Sensitization ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive Skin Prick Test ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Prick Test ◽

Nasal Cytology

The pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion is still under debate, but allergic sensitization has been suggested in some cases. We investigated whether nasal cytology may indicate an allergic pathogenesis for otitis media with effusion. Atopic symptoms, results of skin prick tests to common aeroallergens, and nasal cytology by nasal scraping were evaluated in 40 children with current otitis media with effusion and compared with findings in a group of 40 healthy children. The presence of nasal eosinophils was significantly more frequent in children with otitis media with effusion than in the control group ( p < 0.05). Nasal eosinophils were significantly associated with both allergic rhinitis ( p < 0.001) and positive skin prick test results ( p < 0.001). Allergic rhinitis with nasal eosinophilla was found in six children of the study group and in one child of the control group ( p < 0.05). Our data suggest that nasal allergic Inflammation may play a role in a subset of patients with otitis media with effusion. Therefore the possibility of allergic sensitization must always be considered in patients with serous otitis media.

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Sequential degranulation of eosinophils induced by antigen or autocoids in allergic humans

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100143390 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 354-355

Author(s):

Kate W. Sjoerdsma ◽

W. James Metzger

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽

Allergic Asthma ◽

Skin Test ◽

Positive Skin Test ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Human Eosinophil ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Allergic Asthmatic ◽

History Of

Eosinophils are important to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma, and are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage within four hours after bronchoprovocation of allergic asthmatic patients, and remain significantly increased up to 24 hours later. While the components of human eosinophil granules have been recently isolated and purified, the mechanisms of degranulation have yet to be elucidated.We obtained blood from two volunteers who had a history of allergic rhinitis and asthma and a positive skin test (5x5mm wheal) to Alternaria and Ragweed. Eosinophils were obtained using a modification of the method described by Roberts and Gallin.

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ОЦЕНКА ЦИТОКИНОВОГО ПРОФИЛЯ СЫВОРОТКИ КРОВИ И СУБПОПУЛЯЦИЙ Т-ЛИМФОЦИТОВ У ДЕТЕЙ С АЛЛЕРГИЧЕСКИМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ОРГАНОВ ДЫХАНИЯ

Rossiiskii Allergologicheskii ZHurnal ◽

10.36691/raj.2019.3.40502 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 52-60

Author(s):

E.V. Prosekova ◽

A.I. Turyanskaya ◽

N.G. Plekhova ◽

M.S. Dolgopolov ◽

V.A. Sabynych

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Bronchial Asthma ◽

Allergic Inflammation ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Serum Cytokine ◽

Immunological Parameters ◽

Low Level ◽

Level Of Significance

Расширение спектра изучаемых клонов Тхелперов определило более сложные иммунные механизмы реализации аллергического воспаления. Цель. Характеристика показателей и взаимосвязей цитокинового профиля сыворотки и субпопуляционного состава Тлимфоцитов периферической крови у детей с бронхиальной астмой и аллергическим ринитом. Материалы и методы. Проведено комплексное обследование 150 детей в возрасте 311 лет с верифицированным диагнозом бронхиальной астмы, аллергического ринита и 30 здоровых сверстников. Иммунологические параметры крови оценивали методом проточной цитометрии, концентрации интерлейкинов и IgE в сыворотке крови определяли методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. При статистической обработке использовали программы Statistica 10 с критическим уровнем значимости р0,05. Результаты. У детей с аллергическими заболеваниями в сыворотке крови определены высокие уровни содержания интерлейкинов4, 8, 13, 17А, сопоставимый с показателями группы контроля уровень IL17F и низкое содержание IFNy. При бронхиальной астме и аллергическом рините у детей выявлено увеличение количества CD3CD8CD45RO, CD3CD8CD45RACD45RO Тлимфоцитов и CD3CD4 Тхелперов и повышение количество Th17 при снижении CD3CD4CD45RO клеток памяти. В группе здоровых детей популяция Th17 составляла 9,491,6, у детей с аллергическими заболеваниями количество данных клеток было значимо выше 14,50,77 (р0,001). Анализ сывороточного содержания цитокинов у детей с изолированным течением БА и в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом выявил разнонаправленные корреляции, отличающиеся по силе и направленности от таковых в группе здоровых детей. Заключение. У детей при изолированном течении бронхиальной астмы и в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом выявлены: сопоставимое с показателями здоровых детей количество CD3CD4 Тклеток, дисбаланс в субпопуляционном составе Тхелперов за счет преобладания Th2 и Th17, активация синтеза IL17A, IL4, IL8, IL13, низкий уровень сывороточного IFNy, изменения силы и направленности взаимосвязей цитокинового профиля и спектра субпопуляций Тлимфоцитов.Expansion of the range of examined Thelper clones has determined more complex immune mechanisms for the implementation of allergic inflammation. Objective. To characterize the parameters and relationships between the serum cytokine profile and Tlymphocyte subpopulation in peripheral blood of children with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Materials and methods. 150 children aged between 311 years old with bronchial asthma, and allergic rhinitis and 30 healthy volunteers were examined. Immunological parameters were assessed by flow cytometry, the concentration of serum interleukins and IgE were determined by means of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed with Statistica 10 program with a critical level of significance p0.05. Results. High levels of interleukins 4, 8, 13, 17A were determined, IL7F level was not significantly different from that in control group and low level of IFNy was found in the serum of children with allergic diseases. The number of CD3CD8CD45RO, CD3CD8CD45RACD45RO Tlymphocytes, CD3CD4 Thelper cells and Th17 were increased and at the same time CD3CD4CD45RO memory cells were decreased In bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis children. Number of Th17 cells in healthy children was 9.491.6, in allergic children it was significantly higher 14.50.77 (p0.001). Analyses of serum cytokine count in children with isolated BA and in association with allergic rhinitis revealed multidirectional correlations differing in strength and direction from those in the group of healthy children. Conclusion. In children with isolated bronchial asthma and associated with allergic rhinitis the following parameters were found: CD3CD4 Tcells count was comparable to that in healthy children, the imbalance of Thelper subpopulation: prevalence of Th2 and Th17, activation of IL17A, IL4, IL8, IL13 synthesis and low level of serum IFNy.

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Epidemiology of Physician-Diagnosed Allergic Rhinitis in Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.94.6.895 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 94 (6) ◽

pp. 895-901

Author(s):

Anne L. Wright ◽

Catharine J. Holberg ◽

Marilyn Halonen ◽

Fernando D. Martinez ◽

Wayne Morgan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Age At Onset ◽

First Year ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Early Introduction ◽

Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽

History Of ◽

First Year Of Life

Objective. To investigate the natural history of and risk factors for allergic rhinitis in the first 6 years of life. Methods. Parents of 747 healthy children followed from birth completed a questionnaire when the child was 6 years old. Data were obtained regarding physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (PDAR), associated symptoms, and age at onset. Risk-factor data were taken from earlier questionnaires, and data regarding immunoglobulin E (IgE) and skin-test reactivity were obtained at age 6. Results. By the age of 6, 42% of children had PDAR. Children whose rhinitis began in the first year of life had more respiratory symptoms at age 6 and were more likely to have a diagnosis of asthma. Early introduction of foods or formula, heavy maternal cigarette smoking in the first year of life, and higher IgE, as well as parental allergic disorders, were associated with early development of rhinitis. Risk factors for PDAR that remained significant in a multivanate model included maternal history of physician-diagnosed allergy (odds ratio: 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.35-3.54), asthma in the child (4.06, 2.06-7.99), and IgE greater than 100 IU/mL at age 6 (1.93, 1.18-3.17). The odds for atopic as opposed to nonatopic PDAR were significantly higher only among those with high IgE and those who had dogs. Conclusion. Allergic rhinitis developing in the first years of life is an early manifestation of an atopic predisposition, which may be triggered by early environmental exposures.

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Is suicidal ideation associated with allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis?

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/s1806-37562017000000129 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 31-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Martín Bedolla-Barajas ◽

Norma Angélica Pulido-Guillén ◽

Bolívar Vivar-Aburto ◽

Jaime Morales-Romero ◽

José Raúl Ortiz-Peregrina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Allergic Asthma ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate whether there is an association between suicidal ideation (SI) and allergic diseases in adults. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study involving individuals ranging from 20 to 50 years of age recruited from a university hospital in the city of Guadalajara, Mexico. We included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of allergic asthma, those with a confirmed diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, and healthy controls. All subjects completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), which includes an item that evaluates the presence of suicidal thoughts or desires within the last two weeks, in order to identify SI. Results: The sample comprised 115 patients with allergic asthma, 111 patients with allergic rhinitis, and 96 healthy controls. The number of individuals identified with SI in the three groups were, respectively, 17 (14.8%), 13 (11.7%), and 8 (8.3%). Regarding the presence of SI, no statistically significant association was found in the allergic asthma group (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 0.78-4.64; p = 0.154) or in the allergic rhinitis group (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 0.58-3.68; p = 0.424) when they were compared with the control group. However, the presence of depression was associated with SI in the three groups: allergic asthma (OR = 12.36; 95% CI: 2.67-57.15; p = 0.001); allergic rhinitis (OR = 6.20; 95% CI: 1.66-23.14; p = 0.006); and control (OR = 21.0; 95% CI: 3.75-117.36; p < 0,001). Conclusions: In comparison with the control group, no association was found between SI and the groups with allergic diseases. In contrast, there was association between SI and depression in the three groups.

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Lingual Tonsil Hypertrophy in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.1177/1945892419875086 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 87-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kübra Çoban ◽

Alper Köycü ◽

Erdinc Aydın

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Positive Skin ◽

Lingual Tonsil ◽

Immunglobulin E ◽

Skin Prick Tests ◽

Grade 3

Background Lingual tonsils, part of the Waldeyers’ Ring, are located in base of the tongue. They are commonly observed in childhood, due to increased immunological activity. Several factors such as laryngopharyngeal reflux, younger age, smoking, and obesity are associated with hypertrophy of lingual tonsils (LTH) in adulthood. However, the relation between allergic rhinitis and LTH is not clearly highlightened in the literature so far. Objective To investigate the role of allergic rhinitis in the development of LTH. Methods Adult patients who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis were included in the study group. The control group consisted of age- and sex-match healthy volunteers. Complete otorhinolaryngology examination including fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation was performed to both groups. Blood samples were obtained for total immunglobulin E levels, and skin prick tests were performed to both groups. Patients with allergy complaints and positive skin prick tests were included in the study group, while healthy volunteers with negative skin prick tests were enrolled in the control group. The grading for LTH was achieved by a physician who was blind to the study. Results The incidence of LTH was significantly higher in the study group when compared to the control group ( P = .001). Similarly, the incidence of grade 3 LTH was significantly higher in the study group compared to the controls ( P = .002). Conclusion According to our results, LTH is more frequently observed in patients with allergic rhinitis. Grade 3 representing larger LTH is more commonly seen in patients with allergic rhinitis.

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The Study of a Possible Correlation between Serum Levels of Interleukin 17 and Clinical Severity in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis

Allergy & Rhinology ◽

10.2500/ar.2017.8.0207 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. ar.2017.8.0207

Author(s):

Mai Aly Gharib Aly ◽

Mohamed Tawfik El Tabbakh ◽

Waheed Fawzy Heissam ◽

Said Hamed Abbadi

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Skin Testing ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Total Serum ◽

Interleukin 17 ◽

Serum Ige ◽

Cluster Immunotherapy

Introduction Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common allergic diseases, which affects ~20% of the world's population. T-helper (Th) type 2 cells produce interleukin (IL) 4 and IL-13, and mediate allergic responses, and these cytokines have been extensively studied as key players in the atopic airway diseases. However, the involvement of Th17 cells and IL-17 in AR has not been clearly examined. Aim To reevaluate AR clinical severity with serum IL-17, whether IL-17 affects the disease alone or in contribution with the atopic predisposition. Patients and Methods During an 18-month period, 39 individuals were divided into three groups: A, (13 control), B (13 with mild-to-moderate AR), and C (13 with severe AR). Both group B and group C patients (26) were subjected to clinical examination and allergy skin testing, and to measurement of both total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IL-17 levels. Eleven patients with AR then were exposed to 6 months of cluster immunotherapy, whereas the rest of the patients were not exposed. Results Revealed a significant elevation of serum IL-17 levels with an associated increase in serum IgE in the patients with AR compared with controls and revealed that the serum levels of both total serum IgE and IL-17 decreased significantly after cluster immunotherapy. Conclusion These preliminary results added new data about the use of injective immunotherapy as well as reported on the use of sublingual immunotherapy.

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