One and Done: The Long Eclipse of Women’s Televised Sports, 1989–2019

For 3 decades we have tracked and analyzed the quantity and quality of coverage of women’s and men’s sports in televised news and highlights shows. In this paper, we report on our most recent iteration of the longitudinal study, which now includes an examination of online sports newsletters and social media. The study reveals little change in the quantitative apportionment of coverage of women’s and men’s sports over the past 30 years. Men’s sports—especially the “Big Three” of basketball, football and baseball—still receive the lion’s share of the coverage, whether in-season or out of season. When a women’s sports story does appear, it is usually a case of “one and done,” a single women’s sports story obscured by a cluster of men’s stories that precede it, follow it, and are longer in length. Social media posts and online sports newsletters’ coverage, though a bit more diverse in some ways, mostly reflected these same patterned gender asymmetries. Gender-bland sexism continued as the dominant pattern in 2019 TV news and highlights’ stories on women’s sports. Three themes of this “gender-bland” coverage include: 1) nationalism, 2) asymmetrical gender marking coupled with local parochialism, and 3) community service/ charitable contributions.

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Epilogue

10.5406/illinois/9780252038167.003.0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jaime Schultz

Keyword(s):

Women Athletes ◽

Title Ix ◽

Women's Sports ◽

The Past ◽

Women’S Sports ◽

The World ◽

The Status ◽

Precipitous Decline ◽

Sports News ◽

Television Coverage

This concluding chapter considers the status of women's sports in 2012, the various points of change that brought them there, and reasserts the need to cheer with reserve. Even as the number of women athletes seems to rise, their representation in administrative ranks has dwindled from the pre-Title IX era. In addition, sports sociologists Michael Messner and Cheryl Cooky found that there has been a “precipitous decline” in the amount of television coverage devoted to women's sports over the past several years. In 2009 women's sports garnered just 1.6 percent of network sports news and 1.4 percent of ESPN's SportsCenter. For a brief window in July 2012, however, those numbers temporarily increased as the world tuned in to the Women's Games.

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Activism in Women’s Sports Blogs: Fandom and Feminist Potential

International Journal of Sport Communication ◽

10.1123/ijsc.5.3.305 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 305-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Dunja Antunovic ◽

Marie Hardin

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Textual Analysis ◽

Social Issues ◽

Women's Sports ◽

Critical Perspective ◽

Traditional Media ◽

Women’S Sports ◽

Dominant Ideologies ◽

Do So ◽

Blog Posts

The emergence of social media has provided a space for discourse and activism about sports that traditional media outlets tend to ignore. Using a feminist theoretical lens, a textual analysis of selected blogs on the Women Talk Sports blog network was conducted to determine how fandom and advocacy for women’s sports were expressed in blog posts. The analysis indicated that bloggers enhance the visibility of women’s sports, but their engagement with social issues varies. Some bloggers may reproduce hegemonic norms around sports and gendered sporting bodies, while others may offer a more critical, decidedly feminist view and challenge dominant ideologies. While the blogosphere, and particularly networks such as Women Talk Sports, can serve as a venue for activism around women’s sports and the representation of athletic bodies, its potential to do so may be unmet without a more critical perspective by participants.

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Characteristics and Trends of Chronic Pain Among Chinese Middle Aged and Elderly People in the Past Decades: Based on China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36026/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yao Wang ◽

Erdan Luo ◽

Ying Bian

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Chronic Pain ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Elderly People ◽

Middle Age ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

The Past ◽

Pain Patients

Abstract Background: As one of the most common symptoms perplexing aged people, an understanding about chronic pain is needed with the aging of population in China. This study aimed to figure out the characteristics and trends of chronic pain among Chinese middle aged and elderly people in the past decades. Methods: The nationwide survey data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2008 to 2015 were analyzed to describe the characteristics of chronic pain, including its prevalence, intensity and location, pain patients’ quality of life, treatment, and recognitions on pain. Chi-square test and t test were used to compare chronic pain in different years and among participants in different demographic groups. Binary logistic regression was applied to explore factors affecting chronic pain. Result: A total of 62481 middle aged and elderly participants were investigated on chronic pain in 2008, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015, and 30.13% of them suffered from chronic pain. The factors affecting chronic pain included age, gender,education, living area, disability, chronic disease, occupation, and food expenditure. Chronic pain located mostly in waist, accounting 13.60% of body pain, followed by legs and knees. Patients with mild, moderate, and severe pain accounted 37.38%, 29.70% and 32.92%, respectively. Pain patients slept 5.86 (±2.05) hours one night in average, which was significantly shorter than overall participants. There were 75.20% of pain patients suffered from depression, which was significantly more than that among overall participants. From 2013 to 2015, the proportion of pain patients receiving no treatment decreased from 39.35% to 26.80%, and the prevalence of taking traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine, acupuncture, and professional massage therapy all increased. Patients’ recognition on pain became diversified by time. Conclusion: There were 30.13% of Chinese middle age and elderly people suffering from chronic pain, which were more likely to happen in female, rural, and chronic diseases patients. Chronic pain interfered significantly on patients’ quality of life, and mainly located in waist, legs, and knees. In recent years, more patients received treatment to relieve pain, which might indicate a gradual awareness of chronic pain among middle age and elderly in China.

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Information Technology in Sports Clothing

International Journal of Research and Applied Technology ◽

10.34010/injuratech.v1i2.5913 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 53-58

Author(s):

M Iffan ◽

◽

M R Khoirul ◽

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Social Media ◽

Young People ◽

Everyday Life ◽

Muslim Women ◽

Women's Sports ◽

Employment Opportunities ◽

Women’S Sports ◽

Descriptive Method

The purpose of this study, to meet the needs of Muslim women to carry out exercise activities so that Muslim women do not struggle to find clothes that fit their style in everyday life, using Social media as a tool for promotion. This study used a descriptive method to describe the efforts of Muslim women's sports clothing through social media as a promotional tool because nowadays many women who already use hijab during exercise. The results obtained from this research added employment opportunities. The reason to be accomplished and get noticed is the clarity of the utilization of social media and see what is being needed by women today. The conclusion of this research is young people especially those who have not opened the business, this business is used as an example or the first step of opening the daily effort to increase income and learn to become a professional entrepreneur

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Sosialisasi Tata Cara Promosi Kepada Pelaku UMKM Di UP2K Lanjung Uma, Kelurahan Alalak Utara, Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara, Kota Banjarmasin

Jurnal Nasional Pengabdian Masyarakat ◽

10.47747/pengabdiankepadamasyarakat.v1i1.28 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 143-149

Author(s):

Nurul Hayati ◽

Norbaiti Norbaiti

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Community Service ◽

Process Quality ◽

Marketing Management ◽

Service Program ◽

Market Segments ◽

Online Social Media ◽

Implementation Stages ◽

And Training

This community service took the topic of the Socialization of Promotion Procedures to MSME Players at UP2K Lanjung Uma, Alalak Utara Village, North Banjarmasin District, Banjarmasin City. The implementation of this community event is by providing socialization on the procedures for business promotion. The goal is that MSMEs at UP2K Lanjung Uma, Alalak Utara Village, North Banjarmasin District, Banjarmasin City, can increase the percentage of sales. This community service program funded by STIE Indonesia Banjarmasin is Rp. 5,000,000. The first week of implementation stages, the location survey at UP2K Lanjung Uma. The second week, held an interview about business motivation and entrepreneurship. The fourth week, provides counseling about, determining market segments and promotion procedures. The fifth week of evaluation of outreach and training. The results of the activity team's observations, first obtained that the training and guidance participants understand marketing management especially the process / quality of production, promotion, packaging and health. Second, the participants can determine target consumers. Third, the quality of their production participants is maintained and the waste does not damage the environment. Fourth, media promotion with online social media. Fifth, providing facilities and infrastructure, such as glass cabinets or storefronts so that it is easier to display products.

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Diversifying the Sports Department and Covering Women’s Sports: A Survey of Sports Editors

Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly ◽

10.1177/1077699016654443 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 94 (3) ◽

pp. 772-792 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Pamela C. Laucella ◽

Marie Hardin ◽

Steve Bien-Aimé ◽

Dunja Antunovic

Keyword(s):

Female Athletes ◽

Women's Sports ◽

Women Journalists ◽

The Past ◽

Women’S Sports ◽

Values And Beliefs

This study surveyed sports editors about gender-related issues in hiring and coverage. Although many editors estimate reader interest to be low and do not believe coverage of women’s sports should be improved, results also suggest that sports editors’ values and beliefs have shifted over the past decade in ways that could lead to more opportunities for women journalists and to eventual improvements in coverage of female athletes and women’s sports. The research also suggests when sports editors commit to hiring women, they find women who can move up within organizations and become leaders.

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Something to Cheer About?

10.5406/illinois/9780252038167.003.0008 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jaime Schultz

Keyword(s):

Women's Sports ◽

The Past ◽

Women’S Sports

This chapter turns to competitive cheerleading. Over the past one hundred years, cheerleading has been noticeably gendered, regendered, sexualized, commercialized, and sportified. Recently, various organizations have worked hard to legitimize competitive cheer, though they have met resistance from women's sports advocates, members of the cheer industry, and residual perceptions of who a cheerleader is and what she does. Where cheerleading was once the sole purview of men, the majority of today's participants are women. These shifts have brought about an undeniable sexual aspect to the pursuit, which scholars Pamela J. Bettis and Natalie Guice Adams characterize as rife with “exotic tensions.” The chapter analyzes whether cheer's newest incarnations reconcile the persistent divide between athleticism and femininity, or if it simply reasserts conventional schisms between them.

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IMPROVING INFORMATION LITERACY SKILLS AGAINST HOAX ON CORONA VIRUS IN SOCIAL MEDIA AMONG TEENAGERS IN BANDARLAMPUNG PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN INFORMATION LITERACY DALAM MELAWAN HOAX TENTANG VIRUS CORONA DI MEDIA SOSIAL BAGI REMAJA DI BANDARLAMPUNG

RANGKIANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat ◽

10.22202/rangkiang.2020.v2i2.4276 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 107-117

Author(s):

Dhanik Sulistyarini ◽

Anna Gustina ◽

Wulan Suciska ◽

Abdul Firman Ashaf

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Community Service ◽

Information Literacy ◽

Literacy Skills ◽

Conspiracy Theories ◽

Know How ◽

The Past ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Service Activity ◽

Information Literacy Skills

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the community service activity was to improve knowledge and information literacy skills among teenagers in Bandarlampung against hoax on Corona virus in social media. The outbreak of the Corona virus (Covid-19) in the past few months has resulted in widely spread hoaxes and conspiracy theories in the community, including in social media. Indonesia is one of countries with the highest number of social media users in the world, and teenager is a social group that are very active in social media. It suggests that teenagers are vulnerable to hoaxes in social media. It is the reason that this training is very important for them. After participating in this activity, the teenagers became more aware that they need to more critical toward information in social media, they have more understanding about hoax characteristics, and they know how to evaluate information from social media.Keywords: media literacy, information literacy, social mediaABSTRAKTujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan information literacy bagi para remaja dalam melawan hoax tentang virus Corona di media sosial. Merebaknya penyebaran virus Corona (Covid-19) beberapa bulan terakhir telah menyebabkan maraknya hoax dan teori konspirasi dalam masyarakat, termasuk di media sosial. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan jumlah pengguna media sosial yang tertinggi di dunia, dan remaja merupakan kelompok masyarakat yang sangat aktif di media sosial. Hal itu mengindikasikan bahwa remaja merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap hoax di media sosial. Oleh karena itu kegiatan ini sangat penting untuk mengedukasi remaja supaya dapat menangkal hoax di media sosial. Setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini, pengetahuan dan kemampuan para remaja meningkat dalam beberapa hal, antara lain sikap kritis terhadap informasi di media sosial, mereka lebih memahami ciri-ciri hoax, dan cara mengevaluasi informasi di media sosial.Kata kunci: literasi media, literasi informasi, media sosial.

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Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010008170x ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 168-169

Author(s):

K. T. Tokuyasu

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Water Surface ◽

Thin Layers ◽

The Other ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Frozen Sections ◽

The Past ◽

Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽

Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

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