scholarly journals Text Message Reminder–Recall to Increase HPV Immunization in Young HIV-1-Infected Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Williams Keeshin ◽  
Judith Feinberg
Keyword(s):  
Text Message ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Text Message Reminder ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Negative

HIV infected patients have higher rates of HPV infection, worse disease progression, increase severity of disease, and are at higher risk for intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer than their HIV negative counterparts. We conducted a yearlong pilot project to evaluate the impact of text message HPV immunization reminder-recall in young HIV-1 positive patients in a large urban academic HIV clinic. We found that text message reminder-recall improved HPV immunization uptake in a young, primarily black and un- or under-insured HIV-1 infected patients. As communication by texting is characteristic of teens and young adults in the general population, text message reminder-recalls should be considered a viable option to improve vaccination rates among young HIV patients.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis of dendritic cells from anal mucosa of HIV-positive patients and the relation to intraepithelial lesions and cancer seen at a tertiary health institution in Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Gonçalves Daumas Pinheiro Guimarães ◽  
Roberto Moreira da Silva Junior ◽  
Oscar Tadeu Ferreira da Costa ◽  
Ivan Tramujas da Costa e Silva ◽  
Felicidad Santos Gimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Negative

PURPOSE: To morphometrically quantify CD1a+ dentritic cells and DC-SIGN+ dendritic cells in HIV-positive patients with anal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and to evaluate the effects of HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy and HPV infection on epithelial and subepithelial dendritic cells. METHODS: A prospective study was performed to morphometrically analyze the relative volume of the dendritic cells and the relationship between anal intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer in HIV-positive patients from the Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas, Brazil. All patients were submitted to biopsies of anorectal mucosa to perform a classic histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis, employing antibodies against CD1a and DC-SIGN for the morphometric quantification of dendritic cells. RESULTS: HIV-negative patients displayed a CD1a DC density significantly higher than that of HIV-positives patients (3.75 versus 2.54) (p=0.018), and in patients with severe anal intraepithelial neoplasia had correlated between DC CD1a density with levels of CD4 + cells (p: 0.04) as well as the viral load of HIV-1 (p: 0.035). A not significant rise in the median density of CD1a+ DC was observed in the HIV positive/ HAART positive subgroup compared to the HIV positive/ HAART negative subgroup. The CD1a+ DC were also significantly increased in HIV-negative patients with anorectal condyloma (2.33 to 3.53; p=0.05), with an opposite effect in HIV-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support an enhancement of the synergistic action caused by HIV-HPV co-infection on the anal epithelium, weakening the DC for its major role in immune surveillance. Notoriously in patients with severe anal intraepithelial neoplasia, the density of CD1a+ epithelial dendritic cells was influenced by the viral load of HIV-1. Our study describes for the first time the density of subepithelial DC-SIGN+ dendritic cells in patients with anal severe anal intraepithelial neoplasia and points to the possibility that a specific therapy for HIV induces the recovery of the density of epithelial DC.

scholarly journals HIV-1 Infection Is Associated With Increased Prevalence and Abundance of Plasmodium falciparum Gametocyte-Specific Transcripts in Asymptomatic Adults in Western Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah M. Stiffler ◽  
Janet Oyieko ◽  
Carolyne M. Kifude ◽  
David M. Rockabrand ◽  
Shirley Luckhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Gametocyte Carriage ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Endemic Malaria ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Negative

As morbidity and mortality due to malaria continue to decline, the identification of individuals with a high likelihood of transmitting malaria is needed to further reduce the prevalence of malaria. In areas of holoendemic malaria transmission, asymptomatically infected adults may be infected with transmissible gametocytes. The impact of HIV-1 on gametocyte carriage is unknown, but co-infection may lead to an increase in gametocytemia. In this study, a panel of qPCR assays was used to quantify gametocyte stage-specific transcripts present in dried blood spots obtained from asymptomatic adults seeking voluntary HIV testing in Kombewa, Kenya. A total of 1,116 Plasmodium-specific 18S-positive samples were tested and 20.5% of these individuals had detectable gametocyte-specific transcripts. Individuals also infected with HIV-1 were 1.82 times more likely to be gametocyte positive (P<0.0001) and had significantly higher gametocyte copy numbers when compared to HIV-negative individuals. Additionally, HIV-1 positivity was associated with higher gametocyte prevalence in men and increased gametocyte carriage with age. Overall, these data suggest that HIV-positive individuals may have an increased risk of transmitting malaria parasites in regions with endemic malaria transmission and therefore should be at a higher priority for treatment with gametocidal antimalarial drugs.

scholarly journals Features of papillomavirus infection in HIV-infected women

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
E. S Sverdlova ◽  
T. V Dianova
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Selection Of Patients ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Hiv Negative

As participation of immune system in the protection of human papillomavirus (HPV) has been proven, the incidence of HPV infection leading to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) among HIV-positive women is 4 times higher than in HIV-negative cases. In the presence of HIV HPV implements oncoprogram during 6-12 months. Сytokine imbalance makes a significant contribution to the progression of HIV in combination with HPV. The criteria of selection of patients with HIV for therapy cytokines in CIN 2-3 (Roncoleukin used in the author's scheme). Using Ronkoleukin in combination with HAART in HIV-positive women can delay the progression of CIN 2-3 in cervical cancer. The criteria of selection of HIV female patients for the therapy with cytokines at the 2-3 stage of CIN ( Roncoleukin was used in the author's scheme) have been detected. Application Roncoleukin in combination with HAART in HIV-positive women can delay the progression of cervical cancer at the CIN 2-3 stage.

scholarly journals The Preventive Effect of Dietary Antioxidants against Cervical Cancer versus the Promotive Effect of Tobacco Smoking

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Koshiyama ◽  
Miwa Nakagawa ◽  
Ayumi Ono
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
P53 Protein ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Uterine Cervical Cancer ◽  
System Response ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
The Impact

Uterine cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, and its etiology has been recognized. High-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infection induces an opportunity for malignant transformation. This paper discusses the current issues based on a review of the literature and compares the impact of the dietary and nutrient intake to the impact of tobacco smoking on cervical cancer development. The important roles of diet/nutrition in cervical cancer are as prophylaxis against HR-HPV infection. Antioxidant vitamins can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, stabilize the p53 protein, prevent DNA damage, and reduce immunosuppression. In contrast, tobacco smoking not only causes DNA adducts and strand breaks, but it independently causes an increased viral load in HR-HPV-infected cells. Tobacco smoking induces the heightened expression of E6 and E7 and can inhibit the immune system response to HPV. What happens when two materials, which have opposite effects on cervical cells, are taken in at the same time? The negative effects of tobacco smoking may be stronger than the positive effects of vitamins, vegetables, and fruits on the regression of cervical disease such as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). A relatively low intake of vitamins, vegetables, and fruits in combination with tobacco smoking was most associated with a high incidence of cervical neoplasia.

scholarly journals HPV Infection in Men

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Palefsky
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cervical Human Papillomavirus

While much is known about the natural history of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its consequences, including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, relatively little is known about the natural history of anogenital HPV infection and diseases in men. In part this reflects difficulties in penile sampling and visual assessment of penile lesions. Anal HPV infection and disease also remain poorly understood. Although HPV is transmitted sexually and infects the genitals of both sexes, the cervix remains biologically more vulnerable to malignant transformation than does the penis or anus in men. An understanding of male HPV infection is therefore important in terms of reducing transmission of HPV to women and improving women's health. However, it is also important due to the burden of disease in men, who may develop both penile and anal cancer, particularly among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. Improved sampling techniques of the male genitalia and cohort studies in progress should provide important information on the natural history of anogenital HPV infection and disease in men, including risk factors for HPV acquisition and transmission. The impact of HPV vaccination in women on male anogenital HPV infection will also need to be assessed.

scholarly journals B Cells of HIV-1–Infected Patients Bind Virions through Cd21–Complement Interactions and Transmit Infectious Virus to Activated T Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 192 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Moir ◽  
Angela Malaspina ◽  
Yuexia Li ◽  
Tae-Wook Chun ◽  
Tomeka Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Negative

The impact of HIV-associated immunopathogenesis on B cells has been largely associated with indirect consequences of viral replication. This study demonstrates that HIV interacts directly with B cells in both lymphoid tissues and peripheral blood. B cells isolated from lymph node and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 4 and 23 chronically infected patients, respectively, demonstrated similar capacities to pass virus to activated HIV-negative PBMCs when compared with CD4+ cells from the same patients. However, in contrast to T cells, virus associated with B cells was surface bound, as shown by its sensitivity to pronase and the staining pattern revealed by in situ amplification of HIV-1 RNA. Cell sorting and ligand displacing approaches established that CD21 was the HIV-binding receptor on B cells, and that this association was mediated through complement-opsonized virus. These B cells were also found to express significantly lower levels of CD21 compared with HIV-negative individuals, suggesting a direct perturbing effect of HIV on B cells. These findings suggest that B cells, although they themselves are not readily infected by HIV, are similar to follicular dendritic cells in their capacity to serve as extracellular reservoirs for HIV-1. Furthermore, B cells possess the added capability of circulating in peripheral blood and migrating through tissues where they can potentially interact with and pass virus to T cells.

scholarly journals Text message reminders do not improve hepatitis B vaccination rates in an Australian sexual health setting

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (e1) ◽  
pp. e88-e92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruthy McIver ◽  
Amalie Dyda ◽  
Anna M McNulty ◽  
Vickie Knight ◽  
Handan C Wand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Completion Rates ◽  
Reminder System ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
Sms Reminders ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vaccination Completion

Abstract Objective To evaluate the impact of text message reminders (short messaging service (SMS)) on hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination completion among high risk sexual health center attendees. Materials and Methods In September 2008, Sydney Sexual Health Centre implemented an SMS reminder system. The authors assessed the impact of the reminder system on HBV vaccination rates among patients who initiated a course. The authors used a chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to determine if SMS reminders were associated with second and third dose vaccine completion, compared with patients prior to the intervention. Results Of patients sent SMS reminders in 2009 (SMS group), 54% (130/241) received 2 doses and 24% (58/241) received 3 doses, compared to 56% (258/463) ( P  = 0.65) and 30% (141/463) ( P  = 0.07) in the pre-SMS group (2007), respectively. Findings did not change after adjusting for baseline characteristics significantly different between study groups. There were no significant differences in completion rates among people who injected drugs, HIV-negative gay and bisexual men (GBM), and HIV-positive GBM. Among sex workers, travelers, and people who reported sex overseas, second and third dose completion rates were significantly lower in the SMS group compared to the pre-SMS group. In the SMS group, 18% of those who only had one dose attended the clinic within 1–18 months and 30% of those who had 2 doses attended in 6–18 months, but vaccination was missed. Discussion SMS reminders did not increase second or third vaccine dose completion in this population. Conclusion Clinician prompts to reduce missed opportunities and multiple recall interventions may be needed to increase HBV vaccination completion in this high risk population.

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Human Papillomavirus Infection among Senegalese Women Seropositive for HIV-1 or HIV-2 or Seronegative for HIV

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awa Coll Seek ◽  
Mama Awa Faye ◽  
Cathy W Critchlow ◽  
Adia Diack Mbaye ◽  
Jane Kuypers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Hiv 1

Studies in various regions of the world have shown that women infected with HIV-1 are at increased risk for cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection as well as for cervical cancer precursor lesions. HIV infection and cervical cancer are both widespread in West Africa, but little is known about the relationship between HPV and HIV-2, which is the predominant type of HIV in the general population of many West African countries. To address this issue, we collected cervical samples for cytology and HPV analysis from 93 women presenting to the University of Dakar Infectious Disease Service (18 women with HIV-1 infection, 17 with HIV-2 infection, and 58 HIV seronegative controls). Compared to those without HIV infection, HIV seropositive women were 13.1 (95% CI = 2.4, 128) and 11.0 (95% CI = 3.5, 35.8) times more likely to have HPV detected using Southern transfer hybridization (STH) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) respectively. Detection of high and intermediate risk HPV types were significantly associated with HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection. Among HPV positive women, those with, as compared to those without HIV infection were more likely to harbour high risk HPV types (OR = 9.2, 95% CI = 0.97, 433). HIV-1 and HIV-2 seropositive women were 23.3 (95% CI = 2.9, 209) and 9.3 (95% CI = 1.1, 79) times more likely to have a cytological diagnosis of dysplasia, respectively, than were HIV seronegative women. Biopsy-proven CIN 3 was found in one woman with HIV-1 and invasive cancer was found in one woman with HIV-2. It remains to be seen whether HIV-1 and HIV-2 will confer similar risks of development of CIN 2–3 and potentially of invasive cervical cancer.

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