scholarly journals The Frugal Innovation Case of Solar-powered Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) of Vortex Engineering in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Agarwal ◽  
Alexander Brem
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Frugal Innovation ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Automated Teller Machines ◽  
Bottom Of Pyramid ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
Constrained Markets ◽  
Frugal Innovations

Constraint-based innovations are innovations that are conceived under conditions of scarcity for resource-constrained markets, often referred to as Bottom of pyramid (BoP) marketplace. One such type of constraint-based innovation, frugal innovation (also the focus of this study) has played an important role in providing affordable and accessible products and services to the customers at BoP. This study examines one of the successful frugal innovations from the Indian financial sector called Vortex solar based transaction systems (commonly known as rural ATMs) and offers a comprehensive analysis on the incorporated bottom-up product development process and innovation drivers. Study highlights the nine specific innovative design features of these machines that were mainly designed based on core customer requirements and unique challenges. Analysis reveals the importance of cost effective, easy to operate and sustainable solutions for customers at BoP and also showcase how frugal innovations are also facilitating solutions to address larger societal problems.

scholarly journals Rozwój symulatorów w technologii VR jako przykład oszczędnych innowacji

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
Joanna Markiewicz ◽  
◽  
Piotr Niedzielski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Frugal Innovation ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Training Costs ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations ◽  
Frugal Innovations

Purpose – The aim of the article is to present the use of virtual reality [VR] technology as a cost-effective method of training and improving employee competences. Thus, the article indicates the use of VR as an example of frugal innovation, which contributes to increasing the competitiveness of enterprises through cheap and effective methods of educating human resources. Research method – The research method is based on two main areas – theoretical and empirical. In theoretical considerations, a literature review was conducted, presenting theoretical issues that explain the idea of building competitiveness based on the implementation of innovations, including frugal innovations. The empirical dimension was explained by presenting a case study of VR technology applications in personnel training. Results – The use of VR solutions should be considered as a frugal innovation, as it contributes to the reduction of training costs and at the same time significantly improves the safety of training participants. Originality /value / implications /recommendations – Frugal innovations, whose roots are to be found in emerging markets, quickly aroused the interest of the scientific world in the context of a new approach to management in organizations operating in developed economies. There is still no comprehensive literature on the use of cost-effective innovations in modern enterprises, especially in the context of human resources training. The article fills this gap.

scholarly journals Pursuing Frugal Innovation for Sustainability at the Grassroots Level

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mokter Hossain ◽  
Jarkko Levänen ◽  
Marleen Wierenga
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Frugal Innovation ◽  
New Business ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
New Business Models

ABSTRACT Firms are often criticized for their reluctance to embrace sustainability in their business strategies. Frugal innovation is a recent concept that represents a new way for firms to serve underserved customers in developing countries while also promoting sustainability. Based on three cases of frugal innovation at the grassroots level in India, this article demonstrates how frugal innovation presents a promising way to tackle some of today's pressing societal problems with new business models. We use a range of parameters for economic, social, and environmental sustainability to strengthen the case for frugal innovation. This article attempts to inspire scholars to consider frugal innovation further in their future research endeavors and encourage firms to integrate it into their existing business models.

Solar Thermophotovoltaic Converters Based on Tungsten Emitters

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Andreev ◽  
A. S. Vlasov ◽  
V. P. Khvostikov ◽  
O. A. Khvostikova ◽  
P. Y. Gazaryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Spectrum ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Back Side ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Emitter System ◽  
Solar Powered

Results of a solar thermophotovoltaic (STPV) system study are reported. Modeling of the STPV module performance and the analysis of various parameters influencing the system are presented. The ways for the STPV system efficiency to increase and their magnitude are considered such as: improvement of the emitter radiation selectivity and application of selective filters for better matching the emitter radiation spectrum and cell photoresponse; application of the cells with a back side reflector for recycling the sub-band gap photons; and development of low-band gap tandem TPV cells for better utilization of the radiation spectrum. Sunlight concentrator and STPV modules were designed, fabricated, and tested under indoor and outdoor conditions. A cost-effective sunlight concentrator with Fresnel lens was developed as a primary concentrator and a secondary quartz meniscus lens ensured the high concentration ratio of ∼4000×, which is necessary for achieving the high efficiency of the concentrator–emitter system owing to trap escaping radiation. Several types of STPV modules have been developed and tested under concentrated sunlight. Photocurrent density of 4.5A∕cm2 was registered in a photoreceiver based on 1×1cm2GaSb cells under a solar powered tungsten emitter.

Automated Residential Energy Monitoring: An Approach to Performance Comparisons

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Wright ◽  
Robert B. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Energy Monitoring ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Significant Attention

Techniques for residential energy usage monitoring is an emerging field that is currently drawing significant attention. This paper is a description of the current efforts to monitor and compare the performance of three solar-powered homes built at Missouri University of Science and Technology. The homes are outfitted with an array of sensors and a data logger system to measure and record electricity production, system energy use, internal home temperature and humidity, hot water production, and exterior ambient conditions the houses are experiencing. Data will be collected to measure the performance of the houses, compare to energy modeling programs, design and develop cost effective sensor systems for energy monitoring, and produce a cost effective home control system.

Analytic Evaluation of Engine NVH Robustness Due to Manufacturing Variations

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Batteh ◽  
Michael M. Tiller
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Large Engine ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Noise Vibration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Noise Factors

In an effort to improve quality, shorten engine development times, and reduce costly and time-consuming experimental work, analytic modeling is being used upstream in the product development process to evaluate engine robustness to noise factors. This paper describes a model-based method for evaluating engine NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) robustness due to manufacturing variations for a statistically significant engine population. A brief discussion of the cycle simulation model and its capabilities is included. The methodology consists of Monte Carlo simulations involving several noise factors to obtain the crank-angle resolved response of the combustion process and Fourier analysis of the resulting engine torque. Further analysis of the Fourier results leads to additional insights regarding the relative importance of and sensitivity to the individual noise factors. While the cost and resources required to experimentally evaluate a large engine population can be prohibitive, the analytical modeling proved to be a cost-effective way of analyzing the engine robustness taking into account manufacturing process capability.

scholarly journals Marine heatwave challenges solutions to human–wildlife conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1964) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameal F. Samhouri ◽  
Blake E. Feist ◽  
Mary C. Fisher ◽  
Owen Liu ◽  
Samuel M. Woodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Extreme Climate Events ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Extreme Climate ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Climate Events ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Despite the increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme climate events, little is known about how their impacts flow through social and ecological systems or whether management actions can dampen deleterious effects. We examined how the record 2014–2016 Northeast Pacific marine heatwave influenced trade-offs in managing conflict between conservation goals and human activities using a case study on large whale entanglements in the U.S. west coast's most lucrative fishery (the Dungeness crab fishery). We showed that this extreme climate event diminished the power of multiple management strategies to resolve trade-offs between entanglement risk and fishery revenue, transforming near win–win to clear win–lose outcomes (for whales and fishers, respectively). While some actions were more cost-effective than others, there was no silver-bullet strategy to reduce the severity of these trade-offs. Our study highlights how extreme climate events can exacerbate human–wildlife conflict, and emphasizes the need for innovative management and policy interventions that provide ecologically and socially sustainable solutions in an era of rapid environmental change.

scholarly journals Combining the characteristics of sustainability, frugal innovations and washing machines in the industrial nations – A literature-based analysis of the common features for future sustainable developments

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Sandra Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Frugal Innovation ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Washing Machines ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Common ◽  
Frugal Innovations

Sustainability is an internationally discussed topic in the development of products and services. Frugal innovations aim to conserve resources in the manufacture and use of such products and services. It can therefore be assumed that the areas of sustainability and frugal innovation overlap. This work is intended to show the connection between sustainability, frugal innovations and household appliances in the form of washing machines in industrialized countries. For the analysis, the characteristics of frugal innovations are compared with the requirements of washing machines in industrial nations and then the parallels to the social development goals (SDG) are determined as characteristics for sustainability. The existing literature will be reviewed for evaluation. The aim of the work is to show the connection and give an indication of the sustainable development of an everyday product as a frugal innovation in the industrialized countries.

scholarly journals SOCIAL INNOVATIONS IN GEO-ICT EDUCATION AT TANZANIAN UNIVERSITIES FOR IMPROVED EMPLOYABILITY (GEOICT4E)

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W2-2021 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
N. Käyhkö ◽  
M. Mbise ◽  
Z. Ngereja ◽  
M. O. Makame ◽  
E. Mauya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Data ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Employment Potential ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Societal Problems

Abstract. Geospatial and ICT technologies are making an impact leap due to globally accessible open data solutions addressing environmental and social challenges, such as rapid urbanization, degradation of marine and land environments, and humanitarian crises. We are witnessing a rapid growth of innovations built on data and tools tackling local societal problems. At best, these can provide better opportunities for sustainable solutions and development. The need for geospatial expertise is growing globally, and the required skills and capabilities of experts are changing. Universities need to think that although the future jobs rely on experts’ geospatial data and technology skills, graduates need to have a strong conceptual and practical understanding of societal problems and capacity to co-develop solutions, which generate wellbeing and inclusive development. New generation university graduates need to master the interface between technologies’ potential and societies’ emerging needs, working in a multi-stakeholder environment and creating innovative and impactful solutions. In this paper, we present a model of institutional cooperation between five Tanzanian and three Finnish universities, aiming to tackle this transformative education challenge in Tanzania. GeoICT4e aims to develop innovative and scalable geospatial and ICT e-learning services for Tanzanian universities. Via this transformation, universities are aiming to enhance the future employment potential of the graduates with digital multi-competence skills. We present the overall methodology and key activities of the project cooperation, and discuss the opportunities and challenges related to this transformation, and use of open data and FOSS solutions particularly from the institutional and societal perspectives.

scholarly journals Performance Study of the Direct-Coupled Photovoltaic Water Pumping System for the Rural-Isolated Agricultural Region in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Mahmood Hussein Salman ◽  
Adel A. Obed ◽  
Ahmed J. Abid
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Agricultural Region ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Solar Powered

The rural-isolated agricultural region in Iraq and some developing countries lack access to electricity, and thus the primarily alternative is to use diesel water pumping systems to irrigate their crops. However, due to a rise in the oil's price on the international market, toxic pollution from burning oil, high maintenance costs, and short lifespans have been challenged to create more viable alternatives. Renewable energy can limit the use of fossil fuels, particularly by using the solar-powered water pumping system. This article aimed at finding an optimal design for a direct-coupled photovoltaic water pumping system in Iraq. The article presents the significant design aspect for an optimal system, such as the groundwater aquifer depth, installation aspect, cost, and irrigation efficiency. The design offers a combination of sprinkler and environmentally sustainable and cost-effective photovoltaic technology to reduce electricity and water use. A deep well to the storage system is adopted with, 40m maximum well depth, 90m3 reservoir, 1200W submersible pump, and 1800 Wp, which can supply water to 12 greenhouses for three days. The yearly results show pumping efficiency is increased up to 42.6%, used water need is achieved at 10950 m3, and unused energy is reduced by 48.8%.

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