scholarly journals Sustainable solutions for cost effective rainwater harvesting in Nepal: pilot project STORAGE realised in Kathmandu valley, Patan

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Boukalová ◽  
J. Těšitel
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Sustainable Solutions

scholarly journals Minimizing the Impacts of Desertification in an Arid Region: A Case Study of the West Desert of Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Khamis Naba Sayl ◽  
Sadeq Oleiwi Sulaiman ◽  
Ammar Hatem Kamel ◽  
Nur Shazwani Muhammad ◽  
Jazuri Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Degradation ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Western Desert Of Iraq ◽  
Suitable Land

Currently, desertification is a major problem in the western desert of Iraq. The harsh nature, remoteness, and size of the desert make it difficult and expensive to monitor and mitigate desertification. Therefore, this study proposed a comprehensive and cost-effective method, via the integration of geographic information systems (GISs) and remote sensing (RS) techniques to estimate the potential risk of desertification, to identify the most vulnerable areas and determine the most appropriate sites for rainwater conservation. Two indices, namely, the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Degradation Index (LDI), were used for a cadastral assessment of land degradation. The findings of the combined rainwater harvesting appropriateness map, and the maps of NDVI and LDI changes found that 65% of highly suitable land for rainwater harvesting lies in the large change and 35% lies in the small change of NDVI, and 85% of highly suitable land lies in areas with a moderate change and 12% lies in strong change of LDI. The adoption of the weighted linear combination (WLC) and Boolean methods within the GIS environment, and the analysis of NDVI with LDI changes can allow hydrologists, decision-makers, and planners to quickly determine and minimize the risk of desertification and to prioritize the determination of suitable sites for rainwater harvesting.

Using Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) to Record and Interpret Weathered Tombstones in the Cataraqui Cemetery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah McCutcheon
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Clear Image ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Genealogical Information ◽  
Reflectance Transformation Imaging

Once our history is lost, what can be done to recover it? The information provided on tombstones is an important source for historians and genealogists but is easily lost as many tombstones are weathered or damaged over the course of decades of exposure to the elements. For many, tombstones are the only record that survives which is why it is important to collect its information. Last year a project was run in order to record degrading tombstones at the Cataraqui Cemetery in Kingston, Ontario using Reflectance Transformation Imaging which is a more cost-effective technique compared to other methods and the results are easily read by laypeople. This technique produced a clear image of the inscriptions which areno longer visible to the naked eye. However, where the damage was too extensive archival data was used to fill in the missing pieces. Thus in some cases a full record can be recovered of the tombstone’s inscription through a combination of research and imaging. This pilot project has demonstrated RTI as a potent technique to record local heritage and preserve genealogical information that would be otherwise lost to the ravages of time.

Mega-Doses of Behaviour Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Agoraphobics*

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton S. Rapp ◽  
Martyn R. Thomas ◽  
Eleanor C. Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Intensive Program ◽  
Set Up

This was a pilot project set up to test the feasibility of effectively and inexpensively treating agoraphobic patients who had not responded to adequate trials of behaviour therapy (and other therapy) in the past. We employed a quantitatively intensive program of exposure therapy, calisthenics and muscular relaxation, and have explained the rationales for the choice of each treatment. The results were gratifying in four of the five patients, with follow-up to three years. This pilot project enabled us to set up a cost-effective treatment for all forms of agoraphobia which is as efficient as other programs described. It has also highlighted the fact that some patients exist who may do poorly on schedules of behaviour therapy which are adequate for some patients, and yet may do well if the amount of treatment is drastically increased.

COST EFFECTIVE OIL SEEP REMEDIATION: SORBENT WASTE MINIMIZATION PILOT PROJECT

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 998-999
Author(s):  
John J. Andreasik ◽  
John P. Scambos
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Waste Minimization ◽  
Site Evaluation ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Settling Ponds

ABSTRACT Site evaluation resulted in the replacement of a passive sorbent system by floating oil stabilization with skimming to remove seeping petroleum products from navigable waterways. After one year, the following changes had occurred.Hazardous waste dropped from 135,000 to zero pounds per year.Two to three barrels per week of recycled oil containing less than 3 percent water were being produced.Long term liability inherent in landfill disposal of hazardous waste was eliminated.Remediation cost was reduced by 50 to 60 percent. The success of this open-water project shows a high degree of applicability for thin-layer oil recovery in settling ponds, gravity separators, and stormwater processing

Cost-effective rainwater harvesting system in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 586-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Violeta Vargas-Parra ◽  
María Rosa Rovira ◽  
Xavier Gabarrell ◽  
Gara Villalba
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Cost Effective

scholarly journals Marine heatwave challenges solutions to human–wildlife conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1964) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameal F. Samhouri ◽  
Blake E. Feist ◽  
Mary C. Fisher ◽  
Owen Liu ◽  
Samuel M. Woodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Extreme Climate Events ◽  
Wildlife Conflict ◽  
Extreme Climate ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Climate Events ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

Despite the increasing frequency and magnitude of extreme climate events, little is known about how their impacts flow through social and ecological systems or whether management actions can dampen deleterious effects. We examined how the record 2014–2016 Northeast Pacific marine heatwave influenced trade-offs in managing conflict between conservation goals and human activities using a case study on large whale entanglements in the U.S. west coast's most lucrative fishery (the Dungeness crab fishery). We showed that this extreme climate event diminished the power of multiple management strategies to resolve trade-offs between entanglement risk and fishery revenue, transforming near win–win to clear win–lose outcomes (for whales and fishers, respectively). While some actions were more cost-effective than others, there was no silver-bullet strategy to reduce the severity of these trade-offs. Our study highlights how extreme climate events can exacerbate human–wildlife conflict, and emphasizes the need for innovative management and policy interventions that provide ecologically and socially sustainable solutions in an era of rapid environmental change.

scholarly journals Rainwater Harvesting Using GIS Technique: A Case Study of Diyala Governorate, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Dhuha S. Al-Khafaji ◽  
Asraa Khtan Abdulkareem ◽  
Qusai Y. Al-Kubaisi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stream Order ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Landsat Satellite

To improve the management of water resources in Iraq, there are several methods, including the use of rainwater harvesting techniques. In this study, the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Landsat satellite imagery were used under the GIS environment to identify the suitable zones for rainwater harvesting. The accomplishment of rainwater harvesting systems strongly depends on their technical designing and identifying the suitable sites. Six criteria have been used to identify the rainwater harvesting sites in the Diyala governorate. The procedure of identifying the suitable sites for rainwater harvesting was applied twice for the Diyala governorate. Firstly, it was applied by using the criteria of rainfall, slope, stream order, distance to roads, and land use, and secondly, rainfall, slope, stream order, distance to roads, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) criteria were used for this purpose. As a result, the study area was divided into three suitability zones: low, moderate, and high according to the specific criteria that were used to identify the rainwater harvesting suitable sites. It was found that in the application of land use criterion the low suitability zone represents 26%, 58% represents the moderate, and 16% for the high suitability zone, while in the method of NDVI it was found that 29% represents the zone that has low suitability, 57% represents the moderate, and 14% represents the high suitability zone. The compared results led to conclude that the land use is the most influential criterion for identifying the rainwater harvesting suitability sites and found that most of the Eastern parts of Diyala governorate are promising areas for rainwater harvesting and ArcGIS is a very useful, time-saving, and cost-effective tool for identifying the rainwater harvesting suitable sites.

Multi-utility framework: blockchain exchange platform for sustainable development

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Bou Abdo ◽  
Sherali Zeadally
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design a sustainable development platform for water and energy peer-to-peer trading that is financially and economically feasible. Water and other resources are becoming scarcer every day, and developing countries are the neediest for an immediate intervention. Water, as a national need, is considered to be one of the most precious commodities, but it is also one of the main causes for conflicts in the 21st century. Rainwater harvesting and peer-to-peer trading of the harvested water is one of the most convenient, scalable and sustainable solutions but faces organization challenges such as the absence of suitable business models motivating normal users to sell their generated resources (such as water and energy), currency and financial settlement complexities and single utility markets. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes a multi-utility trading platform based on the blockchain technology which can address the challenges faced by peer-to-peer trading for resources such as energy and water. Findings This paper presents a peer-to-peer multi-utility trading platform that solves the shortcomings of existing utility frameworks reported in the current literature. Originality/value This proposed platform meets the needs of developing countries as well as rural areas of developed countries. The open nature of the proposed design makes it suitable for adoption and use by various stakeholders.

scholarly journals Numerical groyne layout optimisation for restoration projects in large rivers: An adaptive approach towards a desired morphodynamic equilibrium

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Martin Glas ◽  
Michael Tritthart ◽  
Marcel Liedermann ◽  
Sebastian Pessenlehner ◽  
Helmut Habersack
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Large Rivers ◽  
Sediment Transport Model ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Morphodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
3D Numerical Model ◽  
Restoration Measures

Integrative restoration measures at large rivers target the improvement of morphological and ecological conditions, under consideration of economic demands, specifically navigational ones. Alternative groyne layouts with e.g. reduced groyne spacing and lowered crest elevation reduce ecological deficits and have the potential to cease frequently encountered river bed incision of heavily modified rivers. On the other hand, the induced change in the morphodynamic equilibrium may interfere with navigation by reducing the water depth in the fairway. In 2009, a pilot project was realised on the Austrian Danube, including an alternative groyne layout. As a consequence the desired aggradations in the fairway became too large, leading to an increased dredging effort. In 2014, a numerical groyne optimisation, specifically a 3D numerical model in combination with a sediment transport model, was applied. In 2015, after implementing the optimised groyne layout in the field, morphodynamic equilibrium was reached reducing the need of extensive dredging. This equilibrium could be shown by analysing subsequently observed bathymetries until 2017. Moreover, the morphodynamic changes due to the groyne optimisation in 2015 were reproduced successfully with the numerical models. Thus they represent a cost effective tool for planning and optimising future restoration measures in large and heavily modified rivers.

scholarly journals Public Bus Accessibility and its Implications in Energy and Environment: A Case Study of Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Anita Prajapati ◽  
Tri Ratna Bajracharya ◽  
Nawraj Bhattarai ◽  
Yngve Karl Froyen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
The Impact

Growing demand for transport activities has raised numerous transport problems, mainly traffic congestion, environmental and energy issues. Efficient public bus services can be one of the sustainable solutions for meeting local transport demands. But the inefficient operation of public bus services in most of the developing countries has worsened the situation. The multiple service providers, in such open market, compete with each other for their own benefits by adding the number of bus services rather than providing excellent services to users. Accordingly, the number of buses increases that result in higher energy demand and GHG emission. This paper thus aims to analyze the impact of such informal and unregulated transport system prevalent in most of the developing countries focusing mainly on energy and the environment point of views. The study is carried out for the case of Kathmandu valley where the public bus service is owned and operated by multiple service providers. ArcGIS is used to model a public bus network using data available from an open street map. Potential Impact on energy and environment is analyzed using energy modeling tool LEAP. Results show that considerable improvement in energy and emissions can be achieved by improving the public bus services. This paper thus highlights the need for investment in improving access to good public bus services for the sustainable transport planning of the valley.

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