High prevalence of asthma symptoms in Warao Amerindian children in Venezuela is significantly associated with open-fire cooking: a cross-sectional observational study

Objectives: This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B and C virus in general population of Rahim Yar Khan. Study Design: Cross Sectional and Observational study. Setting: Combined Military Hospital Rahim Yar Khan. Period: 1st Jan 2018 to 30th June 2019. Material & Methods: Patients of both genders and all ages were included in the study. HBV and HCV were analysed using Kit method and positive cases confirmed by ELISA. Results: A total number of 4635 people were screened for Hepatitis B, and C. Among 2325 individuals screened for HCV, 365 (15.6%) were positive for Anti HCV. Among 2310 individuals screened for HBV, 82 (3.5%) were found positive. Positive cases were later confirmed by ELISA. Conclusion: High prevalence of HBV and HCV in this area warrants serious efforts to prevent the spread of these viruses. Screening facilities should be provided at community level to assess the real burden and for early diagnosis and prevention of complications.

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Prevalence of asthma symptoms among adolescents in Brazil: National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400050009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. 106-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Maurício Lima Barreto ◽

Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva ◽

Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽

Maryane Oliveira-Campos ◽

Marco Antonio Andreazzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Survey ◽

International Study ◽

Federal District ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Asthma Symptoms ◽

9Th Grade ◽

School Based ◽

High Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the prevalence rates of asthma symptoms in Brazil, its Regions and State capitals, according to data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey, 2012. Furthermore, it aims to compare the prevalence of asthma in the capitals evaluated by PeNSE 2012 with previous results of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). METHODS: Cross sectional study of 9th grade students at public and private schools of all Brazilian states and the Federal District (Brasília). A self reported questionnaire containing items from the ISAAC was applied in order to identify the presence of asthma symptoms. RESULTS: The results of PeNSE indicate a high prevalence of asthma symptoms (23.2%) and of reports of a previous medical diagnosis of asthma (12.4%). Of the five state capitals in which the PeNSE results were compared to the ISAAC, São Paulo, Curitiba and Porto Alegre presented an increase in the prevalence of asthma symptoms. In Salvador, there was a reduction. CONCLUSION: Brazil is among the countries with the highest prevalence of asthma in the world, and the prevalence is still growing.

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PREVALENSI KARIES GIGI SULUNG ANAK PRASEKOLAH DI KECAMATAN MALALAYANG KOTA MANADO

JURNAL BIOMEDIK (JBM) ◽

10.35790/jbm.6.2.2014.5551 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Christy N. Mintjelungan

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Observational Study ◽

School Children ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Organic Substances ◽

Hard Tissue ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Inorganic Substances ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Very High

Abstract: Dental caries is a disease of dental hard tissue characterised by demineralization of the inorganic substances and dissolving of the organic substances. The prevalence of dental caries in pre-school children is still high which may due to the improper way of teeth brushing as well as consuming cariogenic foods. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental decidious caries status among pre-school children in Malalayang district, Manado. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach. This study was carried out in July 2012. The data were obtained by using questionnaires and observation. The population in this study was all kindergarten pupils (788 children) in Malalayang district and the number of samples were 90 children. Data were obtained from primary and secondary data. The results showed that the prevalence of dental caries was 90% with the average index def-t = 6.99. Conclusion: There was a very high prevalence of dental caries among kindergarten pupils in Malalayang district, Manado. Keywords: prevalence, dental decidious caries, pre-school children. Abstrak: Karies gigi adalah penyakit jaringan keras gigi yang ditandai dengan terjadinya demineralisasi substansi anorganik dan penghancuran substansi organik. Prevalensi karies gigi anak usia prasekolah yang masih tinggi disebabkan antara lain kebiasaan menyikat gigi yang tidak sesuai prosedur serta kegemaran mengonsumsi makanan kariogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi karies gigi sulung pada anak prasekolah di kecamatan Malalayang kota Manado. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2012. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner dan observasi. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh murid Taman Kanak-kanak di kecamatan Malalayang yang berjumlah 788 anak. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 90 anak. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi karies gigi sulung sebesar 90% dengan indeks rata-rata def-t = 6,99 yang berarti rata-rata setiap anak memiliki 7 gigi yang mengalami karies. Simpulan: Prevalensi kareis gigi sulung pada murid Taman Kanak-kanak di kecamatan Malalayang kota Manado tergolong sangat tinggi. Kata kunci: prevalensi, karies gigi sulung, anak prasekolah.

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The influence of spinal position on imaging findings: an observational study of thoracolumbar spine upright MRI in elite gymnasts

European Spine Journal ◽

10.1007/s00586-021-06997-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Louise Fawcett ◽

Steven James ◽

Rajesh Botchu ◽

James Martin ◽

Nicola R. Heneghan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Thoracolumbar Spine ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Disc Disease ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Upright Mri ◽

Spine Pathology ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Posterior Element ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Purpose To investigate whether upright magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a role in defining thoracolumbar spine pathology in elite gymnastics. Methods A prospective cross-sectional observational study of National Senior and Junior Artistic gymnasts in three MRI positions (standard supine, upright flexed and extended positions). Two specialist musculoskeletal radiologists independently analysed images with neutral as a baseline with the effects of flexion and extension reported in line with Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. Results Forty (18 males) gymnasts aged 13–24 years with a mean (SD) of 32 (5.3) training hours per week consented with 75% showing MRI abnormalities. Degenerative disc disease (DDD) was evident in 55% participants with vertebral end plate (VEP) changes in 42.5%. Spondylolysis was present in 40% with an additional 17% showing chronic bilateral complete L5 pars defects. 23% participants demonstrated different MRI findings in upright flexion compared to neutral. Conclusion Findings suggest a high levels of MRI abnormalities in elite gymnastics including altered disc morphology and posterior element abnormalities. High prevalence of T11/12 DDD and VEP changes reflects the thoracolumbar junction being a transition zone. Upright MRI and varying spine position offer promise for enhanced visualisation of posterior element abnormalities.

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Frequency Of Oral Findings With Reference To Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Multi-center Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2018033 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 08 (02) ◽

pp. 114-116

Author(s):

Muhammad Shahrukh Khan Sadiq ◽

Moona Mumtaz ◽

Syed Abrar Ali ◽

Jouhrah Hussain Khan ◽

Syed Ahmed Omer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Observational Study ◽

Clinical Examination ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Pathological Findings ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Dental Hospital

Objective: Oral pathological findings are often associated with diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of oral findings among diabetic patients of both genders. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from February 2017 to November 2017 at Bahria University Dental Hospital & Mamji Hospital, Karachi. A total of 363 diagnosed patients of diabetes mellitus were selected for the study. A questionnaire was designed and oral clinical examination was performed. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 23. Results: A total number of 363 diagnosed patients of diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Among these 187 (51.52%) were male and 176 (48.48%) were female. The overall oral mucosal findings were predominantly present in male diabetic patients as compared to females. Conclusion: The result of this study showed a high prevalence of oral pathological findings in diabetic patients

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Total serum IgE levels in soil-transmitted helminth infected children with atopy symptoms

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi54.3.2014.149-54 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 149

Author(s):

Hendri Wijaya ◽

Lily Irsa ◽

Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽

Sjabaroeddin Loebis ◽

Rita Evalina

Keyword(s):

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Positive Association ◽

Serum Immunoglobulin ◽

Total Serum ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Ige ◽

Asthma Symptoms ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis

Background High total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levelsand eosinophilia are markers for atopy, but other factors mayalso play a key role in affecting atopy, such as intestinal parasiticinfection. Helminthiasis has been associated with a reduced riskof atopy and asthma symptoms in areas with high prevalence ofparasitic infections.Objective To assess for associations between total serum IgElevel and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) infection, as wellas between STH infection and allergy symptoms.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional stu dy on 84consecutively-enrolled children , aged 7- 13 years, in theSecanggang Subdistrict, Langkat District, North SumateraProvince. Subjects were enrolled into one of two groups, with orwithout STH infection. Total serum IgE measurements and stoolSTH examinations were performed in all subjects. Data on atopyor allergy symptoms were obtained by parental interview.Results The 42 subjects with STH infection had significantlyhigher mean total serum lg E levels than the 42 subjects withoutinfec tion, 1,13 1.26 IU/mL and 744.76 IU/mL, respectiv ely(P = 0.029). We also fo und significant positive association sbetween STH infection and asthma symptoms (P= 0.049), as wellas eczema symptoms (P=0.044).Conclusion Mean total serum IgE level is higher in STHinfectedsubjects than in those without infection. In addition,STH infection is positively associated with asthma and eczemasymptoms.

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Mucocutaneous manifestations in newborn: a study from tertiary care centre, Karnataka

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20190482 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 346

Author(s):

T. Virupakshappa ◽

K. Sindhuri ◽

Anant A. Takalkar

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Parental Concern ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

High Prevalence

Background: The spectrum of dermatological manifestations in neonates varies from era to era and country to country. Skin lesions in neonatal period vary from transient self-limiting conditions to serious dermatoses, requiring specific therapies. Skin lesions are extremely common in newborns and can be a significant source of parental concern. The objective of the study was to study various mucocutaneous lesions in newborn babies.Methods: The present descriptive cross sectional observational study was conducted in department of dermatology, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur. A total 500 neonates were included in the study from January 2012 to September 2013. Data collected and analysed by using SPSS 16.0 version.Results: Prevalence of skin lesions in this study was found to be 97.4%. Maximum skin lesions were observed in 47 subjects (9.4%). Prevalence of Epstein pearls was 58%, Mongolian spots 53.6% and erythema toxicum neonatorum was 28%. Epstein pearls (males 60.2%, female 55.7%) and Mongolian spots (males 53.9%, females 53.3%) predominated.Conclusions: Prevalence of mucocutaneous skin lesions in newborn babies was 97.4%. High prevalence of Epstein pearls (58%), Mongolian spots (53.6%) and erythema toxicum neonatorum (28.6%) were observed.

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Household biomass fuel use, asthma symptoms severity, and asthma underdiagnosis in rural schoolchildren in Nigeria: a cross-sectional observational study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12890-016-0352-8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Oluwafemi Oluwole ◽

Ganiyu O. Arinola ◽

Dezheng Huo ◽

Christopher O. Olopade

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Biomass Fuel ◽

Fuel Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthma Symptoms

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Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000232 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 85 (3-4) ◽

pp. 129-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zahra Heidari ◽

Awat Feizi ◽

Leila Azadbakht ◽

Nizal Sarrafzadegan

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

National Cancer Institute ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Function ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritional Interventions ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

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INTERARM SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE DIFFERENCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH PREVALENCE OF CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASES- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN POLICE WORKER

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i11.1524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Somesh Raju ◽

Rina Kumari ◽

Sunita Tiwari ◽

NS Verma

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Pressure Difference ◽

Systolic Pressure ◽

Working Environment ◽

Vascular Events ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Blood Pressure Difference ◽

High Prevalence

Background: Interarm systolic blood pressure difference more than 10 mm of Hg is predictor of cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Despite of sufficient physical activity there is high prevalence of obesity in police personal because of stressful working environment. No studies have addressed the significance of interarm pressure difference among them. Therefore, the present study conducted to access the relation of interarm blood pressure difference with obesity in police personnel. Aims and Objective: To estimate the interarm pressure difference in police personal to see its association with their obesity. Material and Method: This cross-sectional observational study done on 245 police workers in PAC, Sitapur, India. Subjects having more than ten years of working experience were included in study. Anthropometric measurements of subject recorded by following standard protocol. Measurement of systolic pressure in both arm recorded simultaneously by mercury sphygmomanometer. Available data analyze and expressed in percentage, mean with SD and chi square test to see the significance of association. Results: According to anthropometric results of subjects 77.14 prcent subjects were having generalised obesity and 82.04 percent of subjects having abdominal obesity. 34.29 percent of subjects showed abnormally high (?10 mmHg) inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference. Both type of obesity showed positive association with blood sugar level but no association with interarm pressure difference. Conclusion: Interarm blood pressure difference is greater in individual having obesity or prolong duration of service. Such subjects are more susceptible to develop coronary artery disease or peripheral arterial disease in future. Early screening can help to detect the vascular events likely to occur in the future Keywords: Body mass index, Waist circumference, Interarm pressure difference, Random blood sugar

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