scholarly journals Family aspects, physical fitness, and physical activity associated with mental-health indicators in adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Lema-Gómez ◽  
Carlos Mario Arango-Paternina ◽  
Cleiber Eusse-López ◽  
Jorge Petro ◽  
Jose Petro-Petro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Family Functionality

Abstract Background The objective of the study was to analyze the associations of family aspects, physical fitness, and physical activity with mental-health indicators in a sample of adolescents from Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of 988 adolescents (11-17 years-old) from public schools in Montería. Mental-health indicators were evaluated: Stress, depression, anxiety, happiness, health-related quality of life (HRQL), and subjective wellness. Family aspects included family affluence, functionality, and structure. These variables, along with physical activity and screen time, were measured with questionnaires. A fitness score was established by assessing the components of fitness: Flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, grip strength, and lower-limb strength. Associations were analyzed by multivariate linear regression models. Results Nuclear family structure was associated with lower stress level (− 1.08, CI: − 1.98 - -0.18), and family functionality was associated with all the studied mental-health indicators (Stress: -0.11, CI: − 0.17 - -0.06; depression: -0.20, CI: − 0.25 - -0.16; trait anxiety: -0.13, CI: − 0.18 - -0.09; state anxiety: -0.12, CI: − 0.17 - -0.08; happiness: 0.09, CI: 0.07 - 0.1; HRQL: 1.13, CI: 0.99 - 1.27; subjective wellness: 1.67, CI: 1.39 - 1.95). Physical activity was associated (β, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)) with depression (− 0.27, − 0.57 - -0.02), trait anxiety (− 0.39, CI: − 0.65 - -0.13), state anxiety (− 0.30, CI: − 0.53 - -0.07), happiness (0.14, CI: 0.06 - 0.22), HRQL (3.63, CI: 2.86 – 4.43), and subjective wellness (5.29, CI: 3.75 – 6.83). Physical fitness was associated with stress (− 0.80, CI: − 1.17 - -0.43), state anxiety (− 0.45, CI: − 0.73 - -0.17), and HRQL (1.75, CI: 0.82 - 2.69); screen time was only associated with stress (0.06, CI: 0.02 - 0.11). Conclusions Family aspects were associated with mental health indicators, especially family functionality which was associated all mental-health indicators. Similarly, fitness, physical activity, and screen time were associated with the studied indicators of mental health. Particularly, physical activity was associated with all the mental-health indicators, except stress, which was only associated with screen time. Physical fitness was associated with stress, anxiety, and HRQL. Future studies could explore the causal relationships of fitness, physical activity and screen time with mental health in adolescents.

scholarly journals Associations between Affect, Physical Activity, and Anxiety Among US Children During COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin M. Alves ◽  
Alexandra G. Yunker ◽  
Alexis DeFendis ◽  
Anny H. Xiang ◽  
Kathleen A. Page
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Us Children

AbstractWe investigated how emotional responses (positive and negative affect), physical activity (PA), and sedentary behaviors related to anxiety among US children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sixty-four typically-developing children (63% girls) age 9-15 years old completed two virtual visits during height of “stay-at-home” measures between April 22 – July 29, 2020. Children completed 24-hour PA recalls, state portion of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and the shortened 10-item Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (PANAS-C). Children reported state anxiety scores that were more than 5 standard deviations greater than values from healthy pediatric populations prior to the pandemic. Children with higher positive affect and who reported more time in PA reported less state anxiety. Sedentary and leisure screen time were positively correlated with negative affect. Our findings suggest that maintaining positive affect, engaging in PA, and limiting leisure screen time may be important for child mental health during stressful periods.Statement of RelevanceThere is increasing concern regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic may impact the psychological and physical health of children. To date, studies on mental health during the pandemic in children are limited. We investigated links between activity levels and psychological outcomes in children during the height of the “stay-at-home” measures. We found that children had anxiety scores that were more than 5 standard deviations greater than normative values from healthy pediatric populations prior to the pandemic, and 94% of children exceeded the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations on leisure screen time. Positive affect and physical activity were associated with reduced anxiety levels in children during the pandemic. These findings highlight the important mental health benefits of maintaining positive affect, engaging in physical activity, and limiting leisure screen time for children, especially during stressful periods.

scholarly journals Less screen time and more frequent vigorous physical activity is associated with lower risk of reporting negative mental health symptoms among Icelandic adolescents

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e0196286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soffia M. Hrafnkelsdottir ◽  
Robert J. Brychta ◽  
Vaka Rognvaldsdottir ◽  
Sunna Gestsdottir ◽  
Kong Y. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms

scholarly journals Análisis de la capacidad aeróbica como cualidad esencial de la condición física de los estudiantes: Una revisión sistemática (Analysis of aerobic capacity as an essential quality of students’ physical condition: A systematic review)

Retos ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Gabriel González Valero ◽  
Félix Zurita Ortega ◽  
Silvia San Román Mata ◽  
Antonio José Pérez Cortés ◽  
Pilar Puertas Molero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Metabolic Systems ◽  
Revisión Sistemática

Las etapas educativas relativas a la infancia y adolescencia son periodos esenciales para promocionar los estilos de vida saludables, tales como el incremento de la actividad física y la mejora de la condición física. La capacidad aeróbica es una de las cualidades más importantes de la condición física relacionadas con la salud, ya que representa una medida directa del grado general de salud y de manera específica del estado del sistema cardiovascular, respiratorio y metabólico. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal analizar el efecto de la capacidad aeróbica en estudiantes, mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura científica. La búsqueda bibliográfica se ha realizado en la base de datos Web of Science y SCOPUS, obteniendo una población de 293 artículos publicados entre 1997-2017. Tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión, se seleccionaron 26 estudios para su posterior análisis y tratamiento. Podemos decir que la capacidad aeróbica del alumnado se encuentra relacionada de forma considerable con los niveles de actividad física, parámetros antropométricos y aspectos del rendimiento académico y mental. Por ello, se resalta la necesidad de aumentar el número de investigaciones que analicen y/o traten la capacidad aeróbica como uno de los principales indicadores de salud relacionada con la condición física, ejerciendo así un papel protector frente a distintas enfermedades futuras.Abstract. The educational stages related to childhood and adolescence are essential periods for the promotion of healthy behaviors, such as increased physical activity and improved physical fitness. Aerobic capacity is one of the most important qualities of health-related physical fitness, as it represents a direct measure of general health as well as it specifically defines the state of cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic systems. The main objective of this work is to analyze the effect of aerobic capacity in students through a systematic review of scientific literature. The bibliographic search was done in the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases, obtaining a population of 293 articles published between 1997 and 2017. After the inclusion criteria were applied, 26 studies were selected for further analysis and treatment. The review highlights that students’ aerobic capacity is significantly associated with physical activity levels, anthropometric parameters, and certain aspects of academic and mental performance. Therefore, the need to increase research analyzing and / or treating aerobic capacity as one of the main health indicators related to physical fitness is emphasized, as this quality plays a protective role in relation to different future diseases.

scholarly journals Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Response to COVID-19 and Their Associations with Mental Health in 3052 US Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Meyer ◽  
Cillian McDowell ◽  
Jeni Lansing ◽  
Cassandra Brower ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic altered many facets of life. We aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19-related public health guidelines on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, mental health, and their interrelations. Cross-sectional data were collected from 3052 US adults 3–8 April 2020 (from all 50 states). Participants self-reported pre- and post-COVID-19 levels of moderate and vigorous PA, sitting, and screen time. Currently-followed public health guidelines, stress, loneliness, positive mental health (PMH), social connectedness, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were self-reported. Participants were grouped by meeting US PA guidelines, reporting ≥8 h/day of sitting, or ≥8 h/day of screen time, pre- and post-COVID-19. Overall, 62% of participants were female, with age ranging from 18–24 (16.6% of sample) to 75+ (9.3%). Self-reported PA was lower post-COVID among participants reporting being previously active (mean change: −32.3% [95% CI: −36.3%, −28.1%]) but largely unchanged among previously inactive participants (+2.3% [−3.5%, +8.1%]). No longer meeting PA guidelines and increased screen time were associated with worse depression, loneliness, stress, and PMH (p < 0.001). Self-isolation/quarantine was associated with higher depressive and anxiety symptoms compared to social distancing (p < 0.001). Maintaining and enhancing physical activity participation and limiting screen time increases during abrupt societal changes may mitigate the mental health consequences.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) among Malaysian University Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chua Bee Seok ◽  
Harris Abd Hamid ◽  
Jasmine Mutang ◽  
Rosnah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The State ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Malaysian Students

Health Ministry statistics showed mental health problems among Malaysian students increased from one in ten individuals in year 2011 to one in five in 2016. Anxiety and depression were cited as the main causes of mental health problems among students in Malaysia. However, an anxiety measure that has been validated for use with Malaysian students is still lacking. Thus, the main objective of the current study is to examine the psychometric proprieties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) (STAI), and to assess the suitability of the factorial model in the context of Malaysia. The STAI contains separate scales for measuring state and trait anxiety. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to test and to compare the two-factor model (State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety) and the four-factor model (State Anxiety Present, State Anxiety Absent, Trait Anxiety Present, and Trait Anxiety Absent) of STAI. In addition, the reliability and validity of the model were also tested. The sample consisted of 341 university students from one of the universities in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. The results supported a better fit to the data for the four-factor model of STAI. To improve composite reliability and the average variance extracted (AVE) of the constructs, one item was removed from each of the State Anxiety Present factor, Trait Anxiety present factor, and Trait Anxiety Absent factor. Convergent validity for the four-factor model was also improved by the removal of the three items. The findings also suggested that the STAI may have some discriminant validity issues. In the framework of psychology of sustainability and sustainable development, research and intervention regarding this topic should also be enhanced from a primary prevention perspective to improve the quality of life of every human being, fostering wellbeing at all different levels, from individuals to organizations.

scholarly journals Change in Japanese children’s 24-hour movement guidelines and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Hyunshik ◽  
Ma Jiameng ◽  
Lee Sunkyoung ◽  
Gu Ying
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Physical Activity Adherence ◽  
Outdoor Playtime

AbstractSpecialized guidelines are required for the health behaviors of vulnerable populations such as children. This is especially true during the COVID-19 pandemic, wherein major lifestyle changes have occurred, especially among young children. The present study aims to use longitudinal data to understand changes in the physical activity, screen time, sleep, and mental health of preschoolers in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to pre-pandemic period. Subjective and objective measures were used to assess the variables of interest longitudinally. It was found that physical activity, adherence to WHO-recommended screen time, and prosocial behaviors decreased significantly. On the other hand, sedentary time and hyperactivity increased. Our results are consistent with findings from other countries. The implications with respect to outdoor playtime, screen-time in the context of online learning during the pandemic, and the effects of parents’ mental health on preschool-aged children are discussed.

scholarly journals Changes in Physical Activity, Screen Time, Sleep, and Mental Health of Japanese Young Children: A Longitudinal Study Pre- and During-COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunshik Kim ◽  
Jiameng Ma ◽  
Sunkyoung Lee ◽  
Ying Gu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Physical Activity Adherence ◽  
Outdoor Playtime ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

Abstract Specialized guidelines are required for the health behaviors of vulnerable populations such as children. This is especially true during the COVID-19 pandemic, wherein major lifestyle changes have occurred, especially among young children. The present study aims to use longitudinal data to understand changes in the physical activity, screen time, sleep, and mental health of preschool-aged children in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to pre-pandemic periods. Subjective and objective measures were used to assess the variables of interest longitudinally. It was found that physical activity, adherence to WHO-recommended screen time, and prosocial behaviors decreased significantly. On the other hand, sedentary time and hyperactivity increased. Our results are consistent with findings from other countries. The implications with respect to outdoor playtime, screen-time in the context of online learning during the pandemic, and the effects of parents’ mental health on preschool-aged children are discussed.

scholarly journals Modulatory Effects of Physical Activity Levels on Immune Responses and General Clinical Functions in Adult Patients with Mild to Moderate SARS-CoV-2 Infections—A Protocol for an Observational Prospective Follow-Up Investigation: Fit-COVID-19 Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13249
Author(s):  
Fábio Santos Lira ◽  
Telmo Pereira ◽  
Luciele Guerra Minuzzi ◽  
Caique Figueiredo ◽  
Tiago Olean-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Background: This proposal aims to explain some of the gaps in scientific knowledge on the natural history of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), with a specific focus on immune, inflammatory, and metabolic markers, in parallel with temporal assessment of clinical and mental health in patients with COVID-19. The study will explore the temporal modulatory effects of physical activity and body composition on individual trajectories. This approach will provide a better understanding of the survival mechanisms provided by the immunomodulatory role of physical fitness. Methods: We will conduct a prospective observational cohort study including adult patients previously infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus who have expressed a mild to moderate COVID-19 infection. Procedures will be conducted for all participants at baseline, six weeks after vaccination, and again at 12 months. At each visit, a venous blood sample will be collected for immune phenotypic characterization and biochemistry assays (inflammatory and metabolic parameters). Also, body composition, physical activity level, cardiovascular and pulmonary function, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, and mental health will be evaluated. Using the baseline information, participants will be grouped based on physical activity levels (sedentary versus active), body composition (normal weight versus overweight or obese), and SARS-CoV-2 status (positive versus negative). A sub-study will provide mechanistic evidence using an in-vitro assay based on well-trained individuals and age-matched sedentary controls who are negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Whole blood will be stimulated using recombinant human coronavirus to determine the cytokine profile. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy well-trained participants will be collected and treated with homologous serum (from the main study; samples collected before and after the vaccine) and recombinant coronavirus (inactive virus). The metabolism of PBMCs will be analyzed using Respirometry (Seahorse). Data will be analyzed using multilevel repeated-measures ANOVA. Conclusions: The data generated will help us answer three main questions: (1) Does the innate immune system of physically active individuals respond better to viral infections compared with that of sedentary people? (2) which functional and metabolic mechanisms explain the differences in responses in participants with different physical fitness levels? and (3) do these mechanisms have long-term positive modulatory effects on mental and cardiovascular health? Trial registration number: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-5dqvkv3. Registered on 21 September 2021.

scholarly journals Lifestyle and mental health 1 year into COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Nicola Barbieri ◽  
Osea Giuntella ◽  
Silvia Saccardo ◽  
Sally Sadoff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
The United States ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Roll Out

AbstractIn previous work, Giuntella et al. (Proc Natl Acad Sci 118:e2016632118, 2021), we documented large disruptions to physical activity, sleep, time use and mental health among young adults at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spring 2020. This study explores the trends 1 year into COVID-19, as vaccines began to roll out, COVID-19 deaths declined, and social distancing measures eased in the United States. We combine biometric and survey data from multiple cohorts of college students spanning Spring 2019 through Spring 2021 (N = 1179). Our results show persistent impacts of the pandemic on physical activity and mental health. One year into the pandemic, daily steps averaged about 6300 per day compared to about 9800 per day prior to the pandemic, a 35% decline. Almost half of participants were at risk of clinical depression compared to a little over one-third prior to the pandemic, a 36% increase. The impacts on screen time, social interactions and sleep duration at the onset of COVID-19 largely dissipated over the course of the pandemic, though screen time remained significantly higher than pre-pandemic levels. In contrast to the sharp changes in lifestyle and mental health documented as the pandemic emerged in March 2020, we do not find evidence of behavioral changes or improvements in mental well-being over the course of Spring 2021 as the pandemic eased.

scholarly journals Acute Stress in Health Workers during Two Consecutive Epidemic Waves of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Kathrine Jáuregui Renaud ◽  
Davis Cooper-Bribiesca ◽  
Elizabet Martínez-Pichardo ◽  
José A. Miguel Puga ◽  
Dulce M. Rascón-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Epidemic Wave

The COVID-19 pandemic has provoked generalized uncertainty around the world, with health workers experiencing anxiety, depression, burnout, insomnia, and stress. Although the effects of the pandemic on mental health may change as it evolves, the majority of reports have been web-based, cross-sectional studies. We performed a study assessing acute stress in frontline health workers during two consecutive epidemic waves. After screening for trait anxiety/depression and dissociative experiences, we evaluated changes in acute stress, considering resilience, state anxiety, burnout, depersonalization/derealization symptoms, and quality of sleep as cofactors. During the first epidemic wave (April 2020), health workers reported acute stress related to COVID-19, which was related to state anxiety. After the first epidemic wave, acute stress decreased, with no increase during the second epidemic wave (December 2020), and further decreased when vaccination started. During the follow-up (April 2020 to February 2021), the acute stress score was related to bad quality of sleep. However, acute stress, state anxiety, and burnout were all related to trait anxiety/depression, while the resilience score was invariant through time. Overall, the results emphasize the relevance of mental health screening before, during, and after an epidemic wave of infections, in order to enable coping during successive sanitary crises.

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