scholarly journals Bone apposition at the mandibular angles as a radiological sign of bruxism: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Christoph Türp ◽  
Michelle Simonek ◽  
Dorothea Dagassan
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Functional Adaptation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Angle ◽  
Bone Apposition ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Directional Change ◽  
Pterygoid Muscles ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Background The main objective of this investigation was to determine on panoramic radiographs the prevalence of macroscopically visible alterations (bone apposition in combination with directional change) in the mandibular angle region in bruxism patients. Another aim was to describe and detect different morphological characteristics of the jaw angles. Methods Two hundred panoramic radiographs were studied: 100 images of adults with clinically diagnosed bruxism (73 women, 27 men, age range 21–83 years), 100 images of a comparison group consisting of adolescents (66 girls, 34 boys, age range 12–18 years). Results The morphological changes of the 400 jaw angles could be classified into four degrees. In the adult group, almost half of mandibular angles showed bone apposition. Conversely, the prevalence in the control group was zero. The localization of the appositions corresponds to the insertions of the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles at the mandibular angle. Conclusions The bone apposition at the mandibular angles should be interpreted as a functional adaptation to the long-term increased loads that occur during the contraction of the jaw closing muscles due to bruxism. Hence, radiologically diagnosed bone apposition may serve as an indication or confirmation of bruxism.

scholarly journals Bone Apposition at the Mandibular Angles as a Radiological Sign of Bruxism: a Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Christoph Türp ◽  
Michelle Simonek ◽  
Dorothea Dagassan
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Functional Adaptation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mandibular Angle ◽  
Bone Apposition ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Directional Change ◽  
Pterygoid Muscles ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Background: The main objective of this investigation was to determine on panoramic radiographs the prevalence of macroscopically visible alterations (bone apposition in combination with directional change) in the mandibular angle region in bruxism patients. Another aim was to describe and detect different morphological characteristics of the jaw angles. Methods: Two hundred panoramic radiographs were studied: 100 images of adults with clinically diagnosed bruxism (73 women, 27 men, age range: 21 to 83 years), 100 images of a comparison group consisting of adolescents (66 girls, 34 boys, age range: 12 to 18 years). Results: The morphological changes of the 400 jaw angles could be classified into four degrees. In the adult group, almost half of mandibular angles showed bone apposition. Conversely, the prevalence in the control group was zero. The localization of the appositions corresponds to the insertions of the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles at the mandibular angle. Conclusions: The bone apposition at the mandibular angles should be interpreted as a functional adaptation to the long-term increased loads that occur during the contraction of the jaw closing muscles due to bruxism. Hence, radiologically diagnosed bone apposition may serve as an indication or confirmation of bruxism.

REACTION OF CD68-POSITIVE RAT LIVER AND SPLEEN CELLS ON SILICON INTAKE WITH DRINKING WATER

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Evgeniia A. Grigoreva ◽  
Valentina S. Gordova ◽  
Valentina E. Sergeeva ◽  
Alina T. Smorodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicon Compound ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents data on the long-term effect (nine months) of a silicon compound supplied with drinking water – nonahydrate sodium metasilicate (10 mg/l in terms of silicon), on CD68-positive macrophages in the liver and spleen of laboratory rats. Changes in the morphological characteristics of this cell population were found. There was a decrease in the average cell area (in the liver of the control group of rats, the average macrophage area was 179.23±5.94 microns2, and in the group receiving silicon with drinking water – 117.04±3.35 microns2; in the spleen-136.02±3.93 microns2 and 103.44±2.8 microns2, respectively). Macrophages in the liver preparations of the experimental group of rats had a fewer processes and a darker cytoplasmic membrane. The number of macrophages in the liver per unit area was comparable, for the control group of rats it was 18.78±1.24, and for the rats that received with water with the addition of silicon – 19.41±0.75 cells. CD68+ macrophages of the red splenic pulp in laboratory rats that received silicon also underwent the following morphological changes: they were located in a denser way and had fewer processes, while the number of macrophages per unit area was 73.7±2.3 for the control group, 91.6±5.0-for the experimental group, respectively. The distance between them did not change. There was a change in the intensity of CD68 expression on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and in the cytoplasm of liver and spleen macrophages. These changes can be interpreted as the adaptive ability of liver and spleen macrophages to silicon introduced with drinking water. Given the heterogeneity of the macrophage population in the liver and spleen, further studies using markers for different subpopulations of macrophages are needed to clarify their role in the response of tissues to silicon supplied with drinking water.

Volumetric and morphological characteristics of the hippocampus are associated with progression to schizophrenia in patients with first-episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sauras ◽  
A. Keymer ◽  
A. Alonso-Solis ◽  
A. Díaz ◽  
C. Molins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Left Hippocampus ◽  
One Year

AbstractBackground:Abnormalities in the hippocampus have been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychosis. However, it is still unclear whether certain abnormalities are a pre-existing vulnerability factor, a sign of disease progression or a consequence of environmental factors. We hypothesized that first-episode psychosis patients who progress to schizophrenia after one year of follow up will display greater volumetric and morphological changes from the very beginning of the disorder.Methods:We studied the hippocampus of 41 patients with a first-episode psychosis and 41 matched healthy controls. MRI was performed at the time of the inclusion in the study. After one year, the whole sample was reevaluated and divided in two groups depending on the diagnoses (schizophrenia vs. non-schizophrenia).Results:Patients who progressed to schizophrenia showed a significantly smaller left hippocampus volume than control group and no-schizophrenia group (F = 3.54; df = 2, 77; P = 0.03). We also found significant differences in the morphology of the anterior hippocampus (CA1) of patients with first-episode psychosis who developed schizophrenia compared with patients who did not.Conclusions:These results are consistent with the assumption of hyperfunctioning dopaminergic cortico-subcortical circuits in schizophrenia, which might be related with an alteration of subcortical structures, such as the hippocampus, along the course of the disease. According with these results, hippocampus abnormalities may serve as a prognostic marker of clinical outcome in patients with a first-episode psychosis.

scholarly journals Changes in Patellar Morphology Following Surgical Correction of Recurrent Patellar Dislocation in Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
shunyi wang
Keyword(s):  
Patellar Dislocation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recurrent Patellar Dislocation ◽  
Radiological Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological changes of patella following surgical correction of recurrent patellar dislocation in children. Methods: 35 immature children aged 5 to 10 years who suffered from bilateral recurrent patellar dislocation associated with abnormal patella morphology. The knee had most frequently patellar dislocation, which was underwent medial patellar retinacular plasty, and defined as in the study group(SG). The contralateral knee was treated conservatively and defined as in the control group (CG). Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed on all children preoperatively and at the last follow-up to evaluate the patellar morphological characteristics. Results: All the radiological parameters of the patella, showed no significant difference between the two groups, Preoperatively. At the last follow-up for CT scans, no signifcant diferences were evaluable for the relative patellar width (SG, 54.61%; CG, 52.87%; p=0.086) and the relative patellar thickness (SG, 26.07% ; CG, 25.02%; p = 0.243). The radiological parameters including Wiberg-angle (SG, 136.25°; CG, 122.65°; p < 0.001), modified Wiberg-index (SG, 1.23; CG, 2.65 ; p < 0.001), and lateral patellar facet angle (SG, 23.35° ; CG, 15.26°; p < 0.001) showed statistical differences between the two groups. Conclusions: The morphology of the patella can be improved by early surgical correction in children with recurrent patellar dislocation. Early intervention for children with recurrent patellar dislocation is important.

scholarly journals The role of secretary-motor stomach disorders in the genesis of atopic dermatitis in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Buryak ◽  
Tatyana I. Antonova ◽  
Inna V. Malysheva ◽  
Kirill K. Shepelenko ◽  
Maria V. Dudko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective: to study the relationship of the main mediators of atopy and clinical and morphological characteristics lesions of the stomach with its secretory-motor disorders in children with atopic dermatitis. We study 134 patients aged 7 to 14 years with atopic dermatitis and 30 healthy children as control group. All children passed general clinical and laboratory instrumental investigations. In addition, children with manifestations of atopic dermatitis and secretory-motor disorders of the stomach Fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy, topographic intragastric pH-metry with aspiration biopsy of the gastric mucosa were performed, followed by morphological investigations. In sick children, an increase in the levels of total IgE, histamine and serotonin was detected in the blood, combined with a tendency to decrease acid-forming function, endoscopic and morphological changes in the gastric mucosa. It is assumed that concomitant atopic dermatitis secretory-motor disorders of the stomach are manifestations of gastrointestinal syndrome, which can be both secondary and primary in relation to skin manifestations and in both situations contribute the formation of endoallergens and maintain a vicious cycle of the pathological process.

scholarly journals Algorithm of morphological assessment for predicting clinical course of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-522
Author(s):  
O B Abdurakhmanov
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma

Aim. To determine the association between morphological characteristics of tumor growth and clinical manifestations of progression. Methods. The study included 118 patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma who were examined and treated at the department of head and neck cancer of Cancer Research Center of Uzbekistan from 2003 to 2013. The main group included 69 patients with primary nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, control group - 49 patients with relapsing tumors who underwent surgery. Standard histological examination was performed in all patients. The algorithm for determination of morphological changes degree was developed based on approach proposed by K.M. Mardaleyshvili (1985), which was modified by authors. Results. Seven most important morphological features of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma were outlined. On this basis, we proposed to determine the degree of morphological changes for the prediction and treatment monitoring, which is a graded scale for the signs in each of the seven groups. In the main group of patients with cell type of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma growth, the scores ranged from 10 to 13, marking the 1st degree of morphological changes. Patients with vascular fibrous type of tumor growth had 18-19 points, which corresponds to the 2nd degree of morphological changes in the tumor. Tumor samples of patients with vascular fibrous type of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma had the most evident morphological changes in the tumor tissue, which corresponded to 3rd degrees with the scores reaching 28. Conclusion. The proposed algorithm for determining the grade of morphological characteristics may be used for determining the treatment tactics and monitoring the tumor growth in patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, as well as the prognostic factor.

scholarly journals Photoperiodism as a Modifier of Effect of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Morphological Properties of Pineal Gland

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Lukač ◽  
Amela Matavulj ◽  
Milica Matavulj ◽  
Vesna Rajković ◽  
Bogosav Lažetić
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Ii

The aim of our study was to determine, using histological and stereological methods, whether photoperiodism has any impact on the effects that chronic (three-month long) exposure to LF-EMF (50Hz) has on morphological characteristics on rat's pineal gland. The experiment was performed on 48 Mill Hill male rats (24 experimental and 24 control). Upon birth, 24 rats were exposed for 7h a day, 5 days a week for 3 months to LF-EMF (50 Hz, 50-500microT, 10V/m). In the winter (short days, long nights), the activity of the pineal gland and neuroendocrine sensitivity is increased. The study was performed both during summer and winter, following the identical protocol. After sacrifice of animals, samples of pineal gland were processed for HE staining and then were analyzed using the methods of stereology. The most significant changes in epiphysis in the first group of animals in wintertime are: altered glandular feature, hyperemia, reduced pinealocytes with pale pink, poor cytoplasm and irregular, stick-form nuclei. In the second group (II) pinealocytes are enlarged, with vacuolated cytoplasm and hyper chromatic, enlarged nucleus. Morphological changes of pineal gland at rats in the summertime were not as intense as in the winter and finding of the gland in the group II is compatible with those from the control group. Stereological results show both in winter and summer in the first group the decrease of volume density of pinealocytes, their cytoplasm and nuclei and in the second group in winter increase the volume density of pinealocytes, cytoplasm and nuclei, while in the second group the results in summertime are equal to those from the control group. Photoperiodism is modifier of effect of LF-EMF on morphological structure of pineal gland, because the gland recovery is incomplete in winter and reversible in summer.

PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SOME SALTS 2-AMINOETHANESULFONIC ACID IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF DEGENERATIVE SPINAL CORD INJURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Semeleva E.V. ◽  
Blinova E.V. ◽  
Zaborovsky A.V. ◽  
Vasilkina O.V. ◽  
Shukurov A.S.
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Zinc Salt ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Acid Compound ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

In this work, we studied the pharmacological activity of zinc and magnesium salts of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid in white non-linear male rats with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which was modeled by neurotoxicantsimplication into the pelvic part of spinal cord. After the reproduction of the pathology in animals, the indices of motor activity were recorded in the Rotarod test, and morphological studies of spinal cord sections stained according to Nisl in the Belshovsky modification were carried out. It was shown that the magnesium salt of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (compound LHT-317) to a greater extent reduces the development of motor disorders in experimental animals compared with the control group on the 4th day of observation. The course of intravenous administration of the studied compounds of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid did not inhibit morphological changes in the spinal cord that develop in degenerative-dystrophic pathology of the central nervous system: connections. Moreover, if, against the background of treatment with zinc salt, the total area of motor zones in animals of the experimental group exceeded that of control rats, then the number of motoneurons did not differ from the control.

Characteristics of the course of nephritis associated with Iga-vasculitis Henoch-Schoenlein in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
A. V. Sukalo ◽  
I. A. Kazyra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Iga Vasculitis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment Regimens

INTRODUCTION. Among systemic vasopathies in children, IgA vasculitis Henoch Schoenlein (HS) is the most common, according to various authors, kidney damage is noted in 25-80 % and usually determines the prognosis of the disease.THE AIM of the study was to analyze clinical, laboratory, immunological, morphological characteristics, features of the course and treatment of nephritis associated with IgA vasculitis HS in children, as well as factors affecting the prognosis.PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included 31 patients with morphologically verified nephritis due to IgA vasculitis HS (18 – boys, 13 – girls) aged 3 to 17 years, who were monitored at the Nephrology Department of the "2nd Children's City Clinical Hospital" of the National Center for Pediatric Nephrology and Renal Replacement therapy in Minsk from 2010 to 2019 yrs.The following parameters were analyzed: the clinical variant of kidney damage, laboratory tests (including the study of BAFF, RANTES lymphocyte activation molecules, pro-inflammatory IL1β, caspase1, TNFα, growth factors VEGF, TGF), 24 hours monitoring and office blood pressure measurements, ECHO cardiography with indicescalculation, ultrasound of the carotid arteries with the thickness of intima-media complex, morphological changes in the renal tissue, as well as treatment regimens.RESULTS. The contribution of deGal-IgA1, markers of T and B lymphocytes activation, pro-inflammatory and profibrotic molecules in the development of the disease is shown. Arterial hypertension was registered in 42 % of children, signs of heart remodeling according to the calculated indices in 19,3 %. Decrease level of adiponectin, vitamin D, leptin, increase concentration of obestatin, Pro-BNP, hs-CRP, and TSAT indicator classify patients with nephritis due to IgA vasculitis HS at moderate risk for the developmentof cardio-vascular disorders, which suggests the need for timely correction.CONCLUSION. In most cases, nephritis with IgA vasculitis HS has a benign course with rare relapses and progression to the end stage of chronic kidney disease (6,5 %).

Modulation effects of hexamethylene bisacetamide on growth and differentiation of cultured human malignant glioma cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Nan Li ◽  
Zi-Wei Du ◽  
Qiang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Cycle Distribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hexamethylene Bisacetamide ◽  
Human Malignant Glioma

✓ The modulation effects of hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA), a differentiation-inducing agent, on growth and differentiation of cells from human malignant glioma cell line SHG-44 were studied. At cytostatic doses (2.5 mM, 5 mM, 7.5 mM, and 10 mM for 15 days), HMBA exerted a marked inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. Exposure to HMBA (5 mM and 10 mM for 12 days) also resulted in an accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase and a decrease of cells in S phase as analyzed by flow cytometry. The reversible effects of 7.5 mM HMBA and 10 mM HMBA on cell proliferation and 10 mM HMBA on disruption of cell cycle distribution were observed when HMBA was removed from culture media on Day 6 and replaced with HMBA-free media. Colony-forming efficiency (CFE) in soft agar was remarkably decreased by HMBA (2.5 mM, 5 mM, 7.5 mM, and 10 mM for 14 days), and in 7.5 mM HMBA— and 10 mM HMBA—treated cells, the CFEs were reduced to 25% and 12.5%, respectively, of that in untreated cells. Cells treated with HMBA (5 mM and 10 mM for 15 days) remained tumorigenic in athymic nude mice, but the growth rates of the xenografts were much slower than those in the control group. The effects of HMBA on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, CFE, and growth of xenografts were dose dependent. A more mature phenotype was confirmed by the morphological changes from spindle shape to large polygonal stellate shape and remarkably elevated expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in cells exposed to HMBA (5 mM, 10 mM for 15 days). Our results showed that a more differentiated phenotype with marked growth arrest was induced in SHG-44 cells by HMBA.

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