scholarly journals Undergraduate audiology students’ perceived competence and confidence in conducting otoscopic examination following video otoscopic training

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Sebothoma ◽  
Katijah Khoza-Shangase
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Training ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Teaching Tool ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Training Methodologies ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Otoscopic Examination

Abstract Background Emerging research indicates that video otoscopy can be used as a teaching tool to enhance students’ ability to identify outer and middle ear pathologies. However, there is little research on the perceptions of audiology students regarding their competence and confidence following video otoscopic training, and how they view the use of video otoscopy as a teaching tool. Therefore, this study aimed to determine undergraduate (UG) audiology students’ perceived competence and confidence in conducting otoscopy following training by video otoscopic examination. Methods A survey methodology with a cross sectional design was employed. An electronic questionnaire was distributed to all third and fourth year (senior) (N = 79) UG audiology students using Survey Monkey. Ethical approval and permission from relevant stakeholders were obtained. Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results 60 % of the students felt competent in performing otoscopy, while 63.3 % felt less competent in interpreting otoscopic examination findings. 43.3 % felt they can confidently and competently identify outer ear pathologies. There was no association between the number of video otoscopic examinations performed and perceived competence or/and confidence. There was also no statistically significant relationship between year of study (e.g., third year versus fourth year) and perceived competence or/and confident (p = 0.7131). Almost all (97 %) students felt that video otoscopic training should continue to be part of the clinical training as it helped them enhance their skills in performing otoscopy. Conclusions Current findings highlight the need to improve students’ practical training, incorporating pathologic ears into the curriculum. These findings also highlight the importance of supplementing practical training methodologies with changing technological advancements, particularly where tele-audiology opportunities may exist.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anxiety in Pregnancy during COVID 19 pandemic in Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailaja Khadka ◽  
Sumana Thapa ◽  
Ratna Khatri ◽  
Rosy Malla ◽  
Sumana Thapa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Almost All ◽  
In Pregnancy

Aim: To determine the prevalence of anxiety in pregnancy during COVID19 pandemic in Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni Method: It is a cross sectional study conducted at Shree Birendra Hospital Chhauni from July to October 2020 following the ethical approval from IRC. All the pregnant women from first to last trimester attending outdoor visit were included; they were asked to fill up Beck Anxiety Index form. The level of anxiety was compared with demographic data like age, race, parity, and period of gestation, education and occupation. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 20 software. Results: A total of 385 presumably uninfected pregnant women were surveyed in 20-40 (28.45±3.95) years age group from 4 to 41 (27.15±9.4) weeks of pregnancy and 55.6% were multipara. Low-grade anxiety was found 99.5% (BAI= 3.06±3.66). Conclusions: Low-grade anxiety was found in almost all pregnant women during covid pandemic and there was no significant difference by demographic variables.

scholarly journals Self-perceived competence of dental students regarding the management of orofacial pain: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taqi ◽  
Asaad Javed Mirza ◽  
Maaz Asaad Javed ◽  
Shama Asghar ◽  
Maria Khadija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Dental Schools

Abstract Background There is limited data on Pakistani dental students perceived competence in managing orofacial pain (OFP). This study aims to evaluate dental students self-perceived competence regarding the management of orofacial pain. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi at randomly selected two public and four private dental schools. This survey was conducted online from November 2020 to December 2020 in six dental schools. A questionnaire link was sent to the 475 students. A chi-square test and independent-sample t-test were conducted to assess the frequency distribution and compare mean scores of knowledge, diagnosis, and management parameters. Results Of the 475 students, 280 students filled the online survey leaving a response rate of 59%. A significant number of fourth-year students, 65 (51%, p = 0.005), feels knowledgeable regarding neuropathic pain compared to third-year students. The majority of the fourth-year students, 100 (78%, p = 0.010), feel comfortable managing intraoral pain. Almost all the students reported thinking that they need more knowledge related to five types of OFP. The fourth-year students had high mean scores related to knowledge, comfort in diagnosing and managing OFP categories. Conclusion This study found that dental students perceived competence regarding orofacial pain management varies in relation to specific categories, being lowest for psychogenic pain.

Confidence among midwifery students in providing postnatal care at completion of training in selected midwifery schools in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mutinke Zulu ◽  
Margaret C Maimbolwa ◽  
Brenda Sianchapa ◽  
Concepta Kwaleyela ◽  
Emmanuel Musenge
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skills Laboratory ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time

Background/Aims Quality midwifery education is important in empowering student midwives with the confidence, knowledge, skills and attitudes relevant to the provision of quality postnatal care. The study aimed to assess confidence in providing postnatal care among midwifery students upon completion of training at selected midwifery schools in Zambia. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2016 at 5 of the 13 midwifery schools in Zambia. The sample comprised 194 finalist midwifery students who were purposively selected. Ethical approval was sort from the University of Zambia Research and Ethics Committee and participants signed informed consent forms. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20, and the chi-squared test was used to analyse the significance of the relationship between variables, with significance set at 0.05. Results Almost all (97%) student midwives were confident in their ability to provide postnatal care independently. Most stated that they had enough time to practice in the skills laboratory (63%) and were confident when they practiced on mothers and their babies for the first time (62%). The majority (82.5%) were satisfied with the supervision they received from their mentors. Confidence to provide postnatal care independently was significantly associated with the confidence to practice for the first time on mothers and their newborns (P=0.007) and with satisfaction with clinical supervision (P=0.004). Conclusions Student midwives were confident in their ability to provide postnatal care. Time spent practicing in the skills laboratory and the amount of clinical supervision were two factors that enhanced students' confidence. Midwifery schools must emphasise clinical practice and supervision in order to produce confident midwives.

scholarly journals Evaluation of One Minute Preceptor (OMP) as a Teaching Tool for Interns in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology - A Cross-Sectional Study in Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 1970-1976
Author(s):  
Harwinder Kaur Cheema ◽  
Rajiv Arora ◽  
Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Tool ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Almost All

BACKGROUND In Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, one minute preceptor (OMP) is the 1st such teaching - learning tool, which has been used in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a busy out-patient set up for effective clinical teaching for interns. We wanted to assess the perception of interns for acceptability of one minute preceptor as a teaching tool in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department. We also wanted to assess the feasibility & acceptability of one minute preceptor as a teaching tool for the faculty in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology in PIMS. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was done in Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, with 30 interns posted on rotational duty in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 6 faculty members were sensitized along with interns for teaching one minute preceptor. 3 sessions were conducted with 3 different topics. Thereafter perception of interns & faculty was obtained through validated questionnaire. Data analysis was done by calculating percentage & frequency. Qualitative analysis was done by thematic analysis and word cloud. RESULTS Almost all learners agreed that one minute preceptor (OMP) is better than traditional teaching methods as it helps in building concepts of the subject. 83.3 % interns admitted that OMP brings out the strengths & weakness in them. All learners were of the view that OMP enhances clinical reasoning skills. All members of the faculty agreed that all domains of learning are assessed during OMP and felt that OMP can be used as a teaching tool in busy OPD. CONCLUSIONS One-minute preceptor has been proved to be an effective teaching tool in the busy OPD set up. It helps to teach essential skills to diagnose & manage common Obstetrical & Gynaecological problems in a short span of time. KEYWORDS One-Minute Preceptor (OMP), Obstetrics & Gynaecology (OBG), Teaching Tool, Internship, Out-Patient Department (OPD)

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Health Services Utilization of Sindhupalchowk District, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Nilam Tamang ◽  
Swechhya Baskota ◽  
Prajita Mali ◽  
Saru Paudel ◽  
Lumnima Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
The People ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Almost All

Introduction: In Nepal, preference of health service for treatment is different for different people, which is affected by their level of knowledge , socio-demographic factors and so on. The objective of this study was to find the first preference of health services of the people for the treatment of their illness andfactors affecting their preference. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 respondents of Maneswora Ward, Sindhupalchowk district which was selected through systematic random sampling. Data collection was done after taking ethical approval. Face-to-face interview was done to collect the data through semi- structured questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS v16. Results: One-third (36.9%) of the respondents were found to be visiting the traditional health services and more than half (63.1%) of the respondents visited modern health services. Education (0.016), duration of stay (0.014), type of disease (<0.001), distance to the health services (<0.001), modes of transportation (<0.001), affordability (0.013), waiting time (<0.001) and availability of health care provider (<0.001) demonstrated association with utilization of health services at 95% level of confidence (p<0.05). Conclusions: Despite of modern health facilities available within walking distance, still people prefer to go to the traditional healers for almost all the health problems at first hand with firm belief that they cure it. Hence, government still lacks effective programs to attract people towards modern health services to some extent. Hence, the awareness campaign regarding the benefits of modern health services should be initiated.

scholarly journals Identifying and Supporting the Needs of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics Residents Interested in Pediatric Hospital Medicine Fellowship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Boggs ◽  
Harrison Luttrell ◽  
William Basco ◽  
Mark Brittan ◽  
Karen Jerardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Hospital Medicine ◽  
Fellowship Training ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Fellowship Programs ◽  
Almost All

BACKGROUND: Pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) became a subspecialty of the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) in 2016. Starting in 2019, residency graduates are required to complete fellowship training to qualify for PHM board eligibility. These requirements pose unique challenges to internal medicine–pediatrics (med-peds) residents interested in practicing combined adult hospital medicine (HM) and PHM. OBJECTIVE: To describe the needs of med-peds residents interested in PHM fellowship training and how the current PHM training environment can meet these needs. METHODS: We conducted two cross-sectional electronic survey studies: one of med-peds residents and one of PHM fellowship program directors (FDs). Surveys were distributed to resident and FD listservs. Questions were designed using an iterative consensus process among authors. Responses were analyzed with descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Four hundred sixty-six residents responded to the resident survey. Ninety-six percent (n = 446) had considered a career in HM. Almost all (n = 456, 97.9%) respondents indicated a preference for a fellowship with both adult HM and PHM clinical training. Subspecialty designation decreased desire to pursue a career including PHM for 90.1% of respondents. Twenty-eight (58.3%) FDs responded to the FD survey. Fifteen (53.6%) programs reported being able to accommodate adult HM and PHM clinical time. CONCLUSION: The majority of resident respondents reported a desire for a PHM fellowship with clinical time in both PHM and adult HM. Approximately 30% of current US PHM fellowship programs can accommodate adult HM practice for med-peds fellows, and many other programs would be willing to explore such opportunities.

Relationship of Workload and Double Role With Work Fatigue on Batik Craftsmen

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Herdianti Herdianti ◽  
Tatik Maryana
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Almost All

<p><em><em>Background: In Batik Mawar, almost all work is done manually using the hands and upper arms on a continuous basis combined with the rigor of work and the use of traditional tools. The work has a heavy workload because all the work process is done by the same craftsman causing fatigue besides that the worker also have double role. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between workload and dual role with feelings of fatigue on craftsmen batik roses.Method: This research is Quantitative research with Cross Sectional research design. The population in this study are all artisans in Batik Mawar. Sampling in this study using total sampling technique with the number of research samples as many as 40 respondents. Data analysis used by Univariat and Bivariat.Result: Result of data analysis using Chi-Square test for work load got value p-Value = 0,001. The result of data analysis using Chi-square test for double role got p-value = 0,031. Thus it is concluded that there is a meaningful relationship between workload and dual role with feeling tired. We recommend that craftsmen wash clothes 2 times a day, cook ready meals, other than together in completing the work at home</em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>Di Batik Mawar, hampir semua pekerjaan dikerjakan secara manual menggunakan tangan dan lengan atas secara berkesinambungan yang dikombinasi dengan ketelitian kerja dan penggunaan alat-alat tradisional. Pekerjaan mempunyai beban kerja yang berat dikarenakan semua proses kerja dilakukan oleh pengrajin yang sama sehingga menimbulkan kelelahan</em><em> disamping itu pekerjanya juga memiliki peran ganda</em><em>.</em><em> Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan beban kerja dan peran ganda dengan perasaan lelah pada pengrajin batik mawar.Metode: </em><em>Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pengrajin di Batik Mawar. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 40 responden. Analisis data yang digunakan Univariat dan Bivariat.</em><em>Hasil: </em><em>Hasil analisis data yang menggunakan uji Chi-Square untuk beban kerja didapatkan nilai p-Value = 0,001. Hasil analisis data yang menggunakan uji Chi-square untuk peran ganda didapatkan nilai p-value= 0,031. Dengan demikian  disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara beban kerja dan peran ganda dengan perasaan lelah.Sebaiknya pengrajin mencuci pakaian 2 kali sehari, memasak makanan siap saji, selain itu dengan cara bersama-sama dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan dirumah.</em><em></em></p><strong><em></em></strong>

Theories of Communication Networks

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Monge ◽  
Noshir Contractor
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Network Decomposition ◽  
Network Computer ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Almost All

To date, most network research contains one or more of five major problems. First, it tends to be atheoretical, ignoring the various social theories that contain network implications. Second, it explores single levels of analysis rather than the multiple levels out of which most networks are comprised. Third, network analysis has employed very little the insights from contemporary complex systems analysis and computer simulations. Foruth, it typically uses descriptive rather than inferential statistics, thus robbing it of the ability to make claims about the larger universe of networks. Finally, almost all the research is static and cross-sectional rather than dynamic. Theories of Communication Networks presents solutions to all five problems. The authors develop a multitheoretical model that relates different social science theories with different network properties. This model is multilevel, providing a network decomposition that applies the various social theories to all network levels: individuals, dyads, triples, groups, and the entire network. The book then establishes a model from the perspective of complex adaptive systems and demonstrates how to use Blanche, an agent-based network computer simulation environment, to generate and test network theories and hypotheses. It presents recent developments in network statistical analysis, the p* family, which provides a basis for valid multilevel statistical inferences regarding networks. Finally, it shows how to relate communication networks to other networks, thus providing the basis in conjunction with computer simulations to study the emergence of dynamic organizational networks.

scholarly journals Disposal Practices of Unused and Leftover Medicines in the Households of Dhaka Metropolis

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Mst. Marium Begum ◽  
Sanzana Fareen Rivu ◽  
Md. Mahmud Al Hasan ◽  
Tasnova Tasnim Nova ◽  
Md. Motiar Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Government Officials ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Finding Study ◽  
Fact Finding ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Medicine Disposal

Background: This fact-finding study aimed to attain an overall idea and knowledge about medicine disposal practices in Dhaka Metropolitan households. Methods: This mixed study (both quantitative and qualitative) was orchestrated to inspect the household leftover medicine disposal pattern’s governing status. A cross-sectional survey was conducted following a structured questionnaire and key informant interview with a household person and in-depth interviews with the top pharmaceutical and government officials. Results: Findings disclose that, for most of the key informants, the terms “drug disposal” and “drug pollution” were unknown; more precisely, 67% and 74% of key informants even did not hear these two terms. Almost all (87%) households faced undesired incidents due to the insecure storage of medicines. People disposed of excess and expired medication in regular dustbins (47%), threw out of the window (19%), flushed within commode (4%), burnt in fire (2%), and reused (4%). A good percentage of people (21%) returned unexpired drugs to the pharmacy and bought other medicines on a need basis. A total of 72% wanted a medicine take-back program, and 100% agreed on mass education on this issue. Officials of pharmaceuticals conferred mixed opinion: top-ranked pharmaceuticals will adopt leftover medicine disposal practices; middle and low-ranked pharmaceutical companies are reluctant, merely denied mentioning the less important issue. Conclusions: The absence of mass awareness and standard laws and policies may explain these existing aberrant practices.

scholarly journals Telemedicine in Spine Surgery: Global Perspectives and Practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 219256822110223
Author(s):  
Grant Riew ◽  
Francis Lovecchio ◽  
Dino Samartzis ◽  
Philip K. Louie ◽  
Niccole Germscheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
South American ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Initial Appointment ◽  
Almost All

Study Design: Cross-sectional, anonymous, international survey. Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the rapid adoption of telemedicine in spine surgery. This study sought to determine the extent of adoption and global perspectives on telemedicine in spine surgery. Methods: All members of AO Spine International were emailed an anonymous survey covering the participant’s experiences with and perceptions of telemedicine. Descriptive statistics were used to depict responses. Responses were compared among regions. Results: 485 spine surgeons participated in the survey. Telemedicine usage rose from <10.0% to >39.0% of all visits. A majority of providers (60.5%) performed at least one telemedicine visit. The format of “telemedicine” varied widely by region: European (50.0%) and African (45.2%) surgeons were more likely to use phone calls, whereas North (66.7%) and South American (77.0%) surgeons more commonly used video ( P < 0.001). North American providers used telemedicine the most during COVID-19 (>60.0% of all visits). 81.9% of all providers “agreed/strongly agreed” telemedicine was easy to use. Respondents tended to “agree” that imaging review, the initial appointment, and postoperative care could be performed using telemedicine. Almost all (95.4%) surgeons preferred at least one in-person visit prior to the day of surgery. Conclusion: Our study noted significant geographical differences in the rate of telemedicine adoption and the platform of telemedicine utilized. The results suggest a significant increase in telemedicine utilization, particularly in North America. Spine surgeons found telemedicine feasible for imaging review, initial visits, and follow-up visits although the vast majority still preferred at least one in-person preoperative visit.

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