scholarly journals In vitro effects of aqueous extract from Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell stem bark on egg hatching, larval migration and adult worms of Haemonchus contortus

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Bogning Zangueu ◽  
Abiodoun Pascal Olounlade ◽  
Marlyse Ossokomack ◽  
Yolande Noelle Nangue Djouatsa ◽  
Goue Géorcelin Alowanou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Larval Migration ◽  
Maytenus Senegalensis ◽  
In Vitro Effects

scholarly journals Anthelmintic Activity of Hymenodictyon pachyanta Stem Bark Extracts against Haemonchus Contortus

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
D. O. Olayemi ◽  
M. M. Onakpa ◽  
O. C. Jegede
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract The development of host resistance to anthelmintics and the increasing cost of commercial anthelmintics have encouraged the need for the in vitro anthelmintic evaluation of crude extract and fractions of Hymenodictyon pachyanta plant as alternative drugs against Haemonchus contortus. H. contortus is one of the most prevalent and highly pathogenic parasitic nematodes in small ruminant farming globally. H. pachyanta stem bark is a prospective plant used by the local and indigenous farmers of Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria. The stem bark of H. pachyanta were collected, dried, pulverized and extracted with 80 % methanol. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro anthelmintic effects of these crude extract and fractions against H. contortus in sheep and goats. The two extracts (crude and fractions) of H. pachyanta were tested by the egg hatch assay (EHA) and the larval development inhibition assays (LDIA) and to compared the results with albendazole (as the positive control). The concentrations for the crude extract and albendazole used for this study were 0.78, 1.56, 3.125, 6.25 and 12.5 mg.ml−1. The results demonstrated that the crude extracts, fractions and albendazole all at the concentration doses of 12.5 mg.ml−1 produced 100 % inhibition of egg hatching and larval development. Statistically, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the mean percentage inhibition of egg hatching and larval development inhibition of the crude extracts and fractions when compared with albendazole. However, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed with n-butanol fraction which inhibited 96.17 % of egg hatchability. All of the extracts and albendazole showed ovicidal and larvicidal effects and were able to induce over 50 % of the egg hatching and mortality of larvae at the concentration ranges of 0.78—12.5 mg.ml−1. The results obtained from our study suggest that H. pachyanta had ovicidal and larvicidal activity against H. contortus and that the bioactive plants compounds responsible for this effect could be attributed to the presence of tannins, alkaloids and the saponins contained in the crude extracts.

scholarly journals In vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extract of Senna italica (Caesalpiniaceae) on Three-stages of Haemonchus contortus

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Yongwa ◽  
Belga François Ngnodandi François Ngnoda ◽  
Dieudonné Ndjonka ◽  
Pierre Saotoing
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Egg Hatching

A phytochemical screening and in vitro anthelminthic activity of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Senna italica on Haemonchus contortus were conducted. Polyphenol, tannin and flavonoid contents were determined by using gallic acid and rutin. egg hatching inhibition test was carried out on fresh eggs; larval mortality test was conducted on infective larvae (L3) and adult worm mortality test was conducted. Eggs, larvae and adults worms were incubated in aqueous and ethanolic extract of S. italica at different concentrations (0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 and 1 mg/mL). All extracts of plants showed an effect on all stages of H. contortus with high efficiency variations depending on the dose used. The inhibition of eggs hatching rate increased from 8.67±1.53% to 65.67±1.15% and from 24.67±1.53% to 80±1.73% respectively for aqueous and ethanolic extract of S. italic. The larval mortality rate increased from 12.22±2.34% to 56.67±4.9% after 24 h and from 45.28±4.11% to 91.25±3.73% after 48 h for aqueous extract and from 30.07±2.84% to 70.83±6.31% after 24 h and from 48.79±3.73% to 96.25±4.79% after 48 h for ethanolic extract. After 24 h of exposure to aqueous and ethanolic extract of S. italica, the adult mortality rate varies from 55.56±9.62% to 83.33±9.62% for aqueous extract and from 61.11±9.62% to 88.89±9.62%.These in vitro results confirm the use of S. italica in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of anthelmintic activity of tannin-containing plant Artemisia extracts against Haemonchus contortus from goat

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Karim ◽  
Md Rafiul Islam ◽  
Md Asaduzzaman Lovelu ◽  
Sultana Fizun Nahar ◽  
Pallab Kumar Dutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Coarse Powder ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Gastrointestinal nematode causes significant production losses in grazing ruminants and anthelmintic resistance are increasing at an alarming rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic effects of tannin-containing plant Artemisia vulgaris against stomach worm Haemonchus contortus of goat. In this respect, in vitro anthelmintic activities of crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts of aerial parts of A. vulgaris were investigated on eggs, larvae (L3) and adults of H. contortus in the laboratory. Experimental plant Artemisia was collected, dried in shade and grinded to coarse powder and subjected to prepare crude aqueous and ethanolic extract. The experiment revealed that crude ethanolic extracts completely inhibited egg hatching at concentration of 5 mg/ml whereas aqueous extracts at concentration of 10 mg/ml. After exposure of 8 hours, the crude ethanolic extracts inhibited 69.33%, 51% and 38% larval motility tested at 20 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml concentrations, respectively while the crude aqueousextracts inhibited 57.33%, 48.67% and 34.67% at the same concentrations. The ethanolic extract showed better in vitro effects against adult stomach worm than the aqueous extract in terms of motility inhibition at different hours post-treatment. Dose dependent effects were also observed for both extract. After 2 and 8 hours of exposure, the ethanolic extract induced 53.33% and 100% mortality at the highest tested concentration respectively, while the aqueous extract induced 47.67% and 86.67% at the same concentration. To our best knowledge, this is the first study in Bangladesh on the in vitro anthelmintic effects of A. vulgaris against H. contortus. Further in vitro and in vivo trials with this plant are required to evaluate their anthelmintic effects precisely. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(3): 363–368, 2019

Anthelmintic effect of four extracts obtained from Caesalpinia coriaria foliage against the eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Rojas-Morales ◽  
Jaime Cubides-Cárdenas ◽  
Andrea Constanza Montenegro ◽  
Carlos Alberto Martínez ◽  
Ronnal Ortíz-Cuadros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
South American ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Acetone Water ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Anthelmintic Effect

Abstract To investigate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria), a traditional medicinal plant used in Central America and the northern part of South America, extracts from the foliage of this plant were subjected to the egg hatching test (EHT) and larval exsheathment inhibition test (LEIT), against Haemonchus contortus. Four different extracts were evaluated: acetone-water (AW), methanol-water (MW), acetone-water-dichloromethane (AWD) and methanol-water-dichloromethane (MWD). The concentrations used for the EHT and LEIT tests ranged from 500 to 4000 µg mL-1 and six repetitions per concentration. The effective concentrations (EC50) were calculated using Probit analysis. The EC50 for EHT were 2947.0, 3347.0, 3959.6 and 4538.7 µg mL-1 for MWD, MW, AW and AWD, respectively. The EC50 for LEIT were 2883.4, 5927.4, 9876.3 and 9955.4 µg mL-1 for AWD, AW, MWD and MW, respectively. The methanol extracts were the most effective in inhibiting the hatching of eggs, while the acetone extracts showed efficacy in inhibiting larval exsheathment. This study explains the importance that C. coriaria has as a medicinal plant in Central and South American countries.

scholarly journals Evaluation of wound healing and antimicrobial properties of aqueous extract from Bowdichia virgilioides stem barks in mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 945-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISABELA K.R. AGRA ◽  
LUANA L.S. PIRES ◽  
PAULO S.M. CARVALHO ◽  
EURIPEDES A. SILVA-FILHO ◽  
SALETE SMANIOTTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Wound Contraction ◽  
Type I ◽  
Folk Remedy

The decoction of the stem barks from Bowdichia virgilioides KUNTH is a folk remedy used to treat inflammatory disorders in Latin American and Brazil. In the present study, the wound healing activity of aqueous extract of the stem bark from B. virgilioides, called AEBv, was evaluated by the rate of healing by wound contraction and period of epithelization at different days post-wound using the wound excisional model. On day 9, the AEBv-treated animals exhibited significative reduction in the wound area when compared with controls. In wound infected with S. aureus, the AEBv significantly improved the wound contraction when compared to the saline-treated mice. The histological analysis showed that AEBv induced a collagen deposition, increase in the fibroblast count and few inflammatory cells than compared to saline-treated group. The expression of collagen type I was increased in the group treated with AEBv as indicated by immunohistochemical staining. In vitro, the AEBv was effective only against S. aureus but not against P. aeruginosa. Together, the results of this study demonstrate, for the first time, the healing and antimicrobiological effects of aqueous extract of the stem bark from B. virgilioides in the therapy of skin wounds.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Crude Extracts of Artemisia herba-alba and Punica granatum against Haemonchus contortus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyi Hassen Ahmed ◽  
Mebrat Ejo ◽  
Teka Feyera ◽  
Dereje Regassa ◽  
Bahar Mummed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Crude Extracts

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) are the major limiting factor for the successfulness of livestock production throughout the world. Emergence of resistance strains as well as scarcity and high cost of the currently available drugs has led to the evaluation of other alternative helminth control options, mainly from plants. The current study is aimed at investigating the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of crude methanolic extracts of two traditionally important medicinal plants, Artemisia herba-alba and Punica granatum, against Haemonchus contortus using adult motility assay (AMA) and egg hatch inhibition assay (EHIA). Four graded concentrations of the extracts were tested for both the AMA (10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/mg) and EHIA (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) in replicates. Albendazole and phosphate-buffered saline (AMA) or distilled water (EHIA) were used as the positive and negative controls, respectively. The crude extracts of A. herba-alba and P. granatum exhibited a potential anthelmintic activity at all dose levels in a concentration- and time-dependent fashion. The highest concentration (10 mg/mL) of all the extracts caused a significantly (p<0.05) superior nematocidal activity compared to the negative control. Moreover, significant and concentration-dependent egg hatching inhibition effect was observed from both plant extracts. Maximal (98.67%) egg hatching inhibition effect was exhibited by the flower extract of A. herba-alba at 1 mg/mL concentration. The relative egg hatch inhibition efficacy indicated that both plants caused a significantly (p<0.05) greater egg hatch inhibition within 48 hr of exposure. The current study validated the traditional use of both plants as a natural anthelmintic against H. contortus justifying a need to undertake detail pharmacological and toxicological investigation on both plants.

scholarly journals In vitro effects on calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology of an aqueous extract from Ceterach officinarum: Analysis of a potential antilithiatic mechanism

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0218734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta De Bellis ◽  
Maria Piera Piacentini ◽  
Maria Assunta Meli ◽  
Michele Mattioli ◽  
Michele Menotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Crystallization Kinetics ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystallization ◽  
In Vitro Effects

scholarly journals In VitroEffect of Aqueous Extract and Fraction IV Portion ofXimenia americanaStem Bark onTrypanosoma congolenseDNA

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ambrose Maikai ◽  
Beatty Viv Maikai ◽  
Patricia Ishyaku Kobo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Trypanosoma Congolense ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
And Control

Trypanosomosis is a debilitating disease affecting mainly livestock and humans in tropical Africa. Chemically synthesized drugs and medicinal plants have been used in the treatment and control of this disease. In this study, thein vitroeffect of aqueous extracts and fraction IV extract ofXimenia americanastem bark onTrypanosoma congolenseDNA was investigated. The extracts were incubated with the parasitesin vitroat 300 mg/mL aqueous extract and 25 mg/mL fraction IV portion for 30, 60, and 120 mins. The DNA of the trypanosomes was isolated and digested using ECOR1 enzyme and subsequently PCR was carried out. Results showed that aqueous extract and fraction IV portion immobilized 55% and 90% of the trypanosomes after 30-minute incubation. Subsequent isolation of the parasite DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis did not reveal that cell death was as a result of DNA fragmentation. This suggests that cell death was by another mechanism of action.

scholarly journals Anthelmintic activity of Cymbopogon citratus against Haemonchus contortus

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iara Tersia Freitas Macedo ◽  
Lorena Mayana Beserra de Oliveira ◽  
Wesley Lyeverton Correia Ribeiro ◽  
Jessica Maria Leite dos Santos ◽  
Kaline das Chagas Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Egg Hatching

Parasitic nematodes are of major economic importance in livestock. An alternative for the control of parasites is phytotherapy. This study evaluated the efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus decoction (CcD), C. citratus essential oil (CcEo) and citral against Haemonchus contortus using in vitro egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT) and an in vivo test using a Meriones unguiculatus (gerbil) model. The effect of 800 mg/kg CcEo was evaluated in gerbils that had been artificially infected with 5,000 third-stage H. contortus larvae. The effective concentrations required to inhibit 50% (EC50) of egg hatching were 0.46, 0.14 and 0.13 mg/mL for CcD, CcEo and citral, respectively. The EC50 values in the LDT were 5.04, 1.92 and 1.37 mg/mL for CcD, CcEo and citral, respectively. H. contortus population in the group treated with C. citratus essential oil was reduced by 38.5% (P< 0.05) in comparison to the control group. These results suggest that it may be possible to use C. citratusessential oil to control of H. contortus parasite of small ruminant.

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