scholarly journals Prescription rate and treatment patterns for allergic rhinitis from 2010 to 2018 in South Korea: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaemin Son ◽  
Eun-San Kim ◽  
Hee-seung Choi ◽  
In-Hyuk Ha ◽  
Donghyo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Prescription Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Nasal Steroids ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Prescription Rates

Abstract Background There has been little investigation on how guidelines for allergic rhinitis (AR) treatment are applied in current clinical practice. We aimed to analyze prescription trends and patterns for AR treatment according to patient characteristics over a 9-year period in Korea. Methods We used cross-sectional data from the Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service National Patient Sample from 2010 to 2018. We analyzed 1,719,194 patients with AR as the principal diagnosis. Prescription rates of antihistamines, steroids, and other drugs; combination prescriptions; and first-choice prescriptions were analyzed. Results The prescription rate of first-generation antihistamines decreased over the years (2010: 29.13; 2018: 23.41). By contrast, the prescription rate of systemic steroids (2010: 23.60; 2018: 28.70), nasal steroids (2010: 9.70; 2018: 14.67), and leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) (2010: 11.13; 2018: 26.56) increased. The prescription rate of steroids was lower in patients aged 0–5 years and ≥ 65 years than in other age groups and that of LTRAs was the highest in patients aged 0–5 years. The rate of combination prescribing antihistamines and nasal steroids increased (2010: 7.99; 2018: 12.09). The rate of first-choice prescriptions with antihistamines and nasal steroids also increased (2010: 4.72; 2018: 7.24). Conclusions The results confirmed a decrease in antihistamine prescriptions, especially with first-generation, and an increase in steroid and LTRA prescriptions in patients with AR in Korea. Regarding prescription patterns, steroids were increasingly prescribed in combination with antihistamines. However, the trend was opposite in the 0–5 years and ≥ 65 years groups.

scholarly journals Marked reductions in outpatient antibiotic prescriptions for children and adolescents – a population-based study covering 83% of the paediatric population, Germany, 2010 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Holstiege ◽  
Maike Schulz ◽  
Manas K Akmatov ◽  
Annika Steffen ◽  
Jörg Bätzing
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Prescription Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Prescription Rates

Background Prescribing of systemic antibiotics in general and of cephalosporins in particular in German paediatric outpatients has previously been reported to be higher than in other European countries. Aim Our objective was to assess recent trends in antibiotic prescribing in German children. Methods This study was conducted as consecutive annual cross-sectional analyses and included all children aged 0–14 years (n = 9,389,183 in 2018) covered by statutory health insurance in Germany. Annual antibiotic prescription rates from 2010 to 2018 were calculated for the age groups 0–1, 2–5, 6–9 and 10–14 years. Poisson regression was used to estimate trends of prescription rates by age group and antibiotic subgroup. Results Overall, the age-standardised antibiotic prescription rate decreased significantly by 43% from 746 prescriptions per 1,000 persons in 2010 to 428 per 1,000 in 2018 (p < 0.001). Reductions were most pronounced in the age groups 0–1 year (−50%) and 2–5 years (−44%). The age group 2–5 years exhibited the highest prescription rate with 683 per 1,000 in 2018 (0–1 year: 320/1,000; 6–9 years: 417/1,000; 10–14 years: 273/1,000). Cephalosporins (second and third generation) accounted for 32% of prescribed antibiotics. Conclusions Marked reductions in antibiotic prescribing during the last decade indicate a change towards more judicious paediatric prescribing habits. Compared with other European countries, however, prescribing of second- and third-generation cephalosporins remains high in Germany, suggesting frequent first-line use of these substances for common respiratory infections. Considerable regional variations underline the need for regionally targeted interventions.

scholarly journals Opioid prescriptions in patients with osteoarthritis: a population-based cohort study

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 2462-2470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacoline J van den Driest ◽  
Dieuwke Schiphof ◽  
Marcel de Wilde ◽  
Patrick J E Bindels ◽  
Johan van der Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prescription Rate ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
Care Information ◽  
Information Database

Abstract Objectives To examine the incidence, prevalence and trends for opioid prescriptions in patients with OA. Furthermore, types of opioids prescribed and long-term prescription rates were examined. Finally, the patient characteristics associated with the prescription of opioids were assessed. Methods A population-based cohort study was conducted using the Integrated Primary Care Information database. Incidence and prevalence of opioid prescriptions were calculated for the period 2008–2017. Logistic regression was used to assess which patient characteristics were associated with opioid prescriptions. Results In total, 157 904 OA patients were included. The overall prescription rate remained fairly stable, at around 100 incident and 170 prevalent prescriptions per 1000 person years. However, the incident prescription rate for oxycodone increased from 7.1 to 40.7 per 1000 person years and for fentanyl from 4.2 to 7.4 per 1000 person years. The incident prescription rate for paracetamol/codeine decreased from 63.0 to 13.3 per 1000 person years. Per follow-up year, long-term use was found in 3% of the patients with incident OA. Finally, factors associated with more prescriptions were increasing age, OA in ≥2 joint groups [odds ratio (OR) 1.56; 95% CI: 1.51, 1.65] and the presence of other musculoskeletal disorders (OR 4.91; 95% CI: 4.76, 5.05). Men were less likely to be prescribed opioids (OR 0.78; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.80). Conclusion Prescription rates for opioids remained stable, but types of opioids prescribed changed. Oxycodone and fentanyl were increasingly prescribed, while prescriptions of paracetamol/codeine decreased. Since the benefit of opioids for OA pain is questionable and side effects are common, opioids should be prescribed with caution.

scholarly journals Global Asthma Network Phase I study in Mexico: prevalence of asthma symptoms, risk factors and altitude associations—a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000658
Author(s):  
Blanca Estela Del-Río-Navarro ◽  
Arturo Berber ◽  
Nayely Reyes-Noriega ◽  
Elsy Maureen Navarrete-Rodríguez ◽  
Roberto García-Almaraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
School Children ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Language Version ◽  
Asthma Symptoms

BackgroundGlobal Asthma Network (GAN) was established in 2012 as a development to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood to improve asthma care globally.ObjectiveTo survey asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in primary and secondary school children and to investigate and evaluate its prevalence, severity, management and risk factors in Mexico.MethodsGAN Phase I is a cross-sectional, multicentre survey carried out in 15 centres corresponding to 14 Mexican cities throughout 2016–2019 using the validated Spanish language version of the GAN Phase I questionnaires. The questionnaires were completed by parents of 6–7-year-old primary school pupils (school children) and by 13–14-year-old adolescents.ResultsA total of 35 780 school children and 41 399 adolescents participated. Wheezing ever prevalence was 26.2% (95% CI 25.8% to 26.7%) in school children and 23.9% (95% CI 23.4% to 24.3%) in adolescents. The corresponding frequencies for current wheeze were 10.2% (95% CI 9.9% to 10.5%) and 11.6% (95% CI 11.2% to 11.9%). In school children, the risk factors for current wheeze were rhinitis (OR 4.484; 95% CI 3.915% to 5.134%) and rash symptoms (OR 1.735; 95% CI 1.461% to 2.059%). For adolescents, rhinitis symptoms (OR 3.492; 95% CI 3.188% to 3.825%) and allergic rhinitis diagnosis (OR 2.144; 95% CI 1.787% to 2.572%) were the most significant. For both groups, there was a negative relation with centres’ sea level altitude higher than 1500 m above mean sea level (p<0.005).ConclusionsThe most important risk factors for asthma symptoms in both age groups were the presence of rhinitis and rash symptoms or diagnosis. On the other hand, sea level altitude higher than 1500 metres was a protective factor.

scholarly journals Physicians perception in the management of allergic rhinitis: a Pan-India survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2233
Author(s):  
Sagar Bhagat ◽  
Saiprasad Patil ◽  
Sagar Panchal ◽  
Hanmant Barkate
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Consensus Statements ◽  
Consultant Physician ◽  
Tract Infections

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects a wide proportion of the population across all age groups. There are several guidelines and consensus statements in AR management, the effect of this is implicit from a physician's perspective. The present cross-sectional survey was conducted to understand physicians approach to the management algorithm in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and medication choice.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Physicians from diverse specialties such as pulmonologists, consultant physician, paediatricians, Allergists, ENT specialists and general practitioners were invited to participate in the survey, which focused on recognizing the burden of disease, clinical presentation, and management methods.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 1,261 Physicians participated in this survey, belonging to different specialties. Oral H1 antihistamine was favoured as a first-line therapy, followed by the combination of oral H1 histamine and leukotriene receptor antagonist. Fexofenadine was the most frequently prescribed. Majority believed, bilastine as antihistamine with the least sedative potential and was identified as the most effective treatment. Bilastine was preferred in patients with mild- moderate hepatic/renal impairment and in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis. Most physicians prefer bilastine in all AR clinical profiles. Aside from AR, bilastine is also use in management of upper respiratory tract infections and urticaria respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AR is still a growing challenge in India with majority of physician preferring oral antihistamine either as monotherapy or in combination. Bilastine is a preferred choice in patients with impaired liver and renal function and was also referred as least sedative antihistamine by majority of physicians across India.  </p>

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of the epidemic situation on COVID-19 in Gansu Province, China – a big data analysis of the national health information platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanchen Yan ◽  
◽  
Jianjian Wang ◽  
Jingwen Yao ◽  
Janne Estill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Health Information ◽  
National Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Information Platform

Abstract Background In December 2019, a pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan, China and has rapidly spread around the world since then. This study is to explore the patient characteristics and transmission chains of COVID-19 in the population of Gansu province, and support decision-making. Methods We collected data from Gansu Province National Health Information Platform. A cross-sectional study was conducted, including patients with COVID-19 confirmed between January 23 and February 6, 2020, and analyzed the gender and age of the patients. We also described the incubation period, consultation time and sources of infection in the cases, and calculated the secondary cases that occurred within Gansu for each imported case. Results We found thirty-six (53.7%) of the patients were women and thirty-one (46.3%) men, and the median ages were 40 (IQR 31–53) years. Twenty-eight (41.8%) of the 67 cases had a history of direct exposure in Wuhan. Twenty-five (52.2%) cases came from ten families, and we found no clear reports of modes of transmission other than family clusters. The largest number of secondary cases linked to a single source was nine. Conclusion More women than men were diagnosed with COVID-19 in Gansu Province. Although the age range of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Gansu Province covered almost all age groups, most patients with confirmed COVID-19 tend to be middle aged persons. The most common suspected mode of transmission was through family cluster. Gansu and other settings worldwide should continue to strengthen the utilization of big data in epidemic control.

scholarly journals Web-based survey to evaluate the prevalence of chronic and subacute cough and patient characteristics in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000832
Author(s):  
Keisuke Tobe ◽  
Takekazu Kubo ◽  
Kotoba Okuyama ◽  
Masashi Kikuchi ◽  
Yirong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Cough Variant Asthma

BackgroundCough lasting 3–8 weeks and more than 8 weeks are defined as subacute/prolonged cough and chronic cough, respectively. Japanese chronic cough population has not been well studied. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and characteristics of chronic cough and subacute cough patients in Japan. This study also sought to compare between chronic cough patients who were not greatly satisfied with treatment effectiveness for resolving cough and other chronic cough patients.MethodsData from a cross-sectional online 2019 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey and a supplemental chronic cough survey were used to understand respondents’ chronic cough status and their cough-specific characteristics and experience. The prevalence, patient characteristics and cough-specific characteristics were summarised descriptively. Patients who were not greatly satisfied with treatment effectiveness and other chronic cough patients were compared for their characteristics and cough severity.ResultsThe point prevalence of chronic cough was 2.89% and 12-month period prevalence was 4.29%. Among all chronic cough patients analysed, the average age was 56 years old, 61.1% were males and 29.4% were current smokers. Patients were most frequently told by a physician that cough was related to allergic rhinitis, asthma and cough variant asthma. Only 44.2% of chronic cough patients had spoken with a physician about their cough, and half of chronic cough patients did not use any medications. Patients who were not greatly satisfied with treatment effectiveness had significantly greater cough severity during past 2 weeks compared with other chronic cough patients (Visual Analogue Scale 45.34 vs 39.63).ConclusionsThis study described the prevalence and patient characteristics information of chronic cough patients in Japan. Furthermore, the study highlighted an unmet need for better diagnosis and treatments for chronic cough patients, especially among patients who were not greatly satisfied with treatment effectiveness and reported significantly worse cough severity.

scholarly journals Patient needs and benefits of sublingual immunotherapy for grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis: an observational study

Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Maria Klein ◽  
Meike Hadler ◽  
Matthias Augustin ◽  
Christine Blome
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Grass Pollen ◽  
Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Patient Needs ◽  
Patient Benefit ◽  
Specific Patient

Aim: Clinical efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for grass pollen-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) needs to translate into patient benefit. Patients & methods: Patients received Oralair (Stallergenes, Antony, France) in real-life medical practice. Patient-relevant treatment benefits were measured with the AR-specific Patient Benefit Index. Subgroups were analyzed regarding distinct patient characteristics. Results: Data of 883 patients (children, adolescents, and adults) were analyzed. The highest-ranked patient needs referred to having less AR-symptoms, being able to go outdoors, and being free in the choice of leisure activities. Most patients (89.2–94.6%) attained at least minimally relevant benefit. All subgroups reported relevant benefits, with significantly higher scores in some subgroups. Conclusion: Treatment with Oralair was associated with considerable patient-relevant benefit in all age groups.

scholarly journals Rural telemedicine use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A repeated cross-sectional study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherry Chu ◽  
Peter Cram ◽  
Andrea Pang ◽  
Vess Stamenova ◽  
Mina Tadrous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Notable Increase

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a notable increase in telemedicine adoption. Its impact on telemedicine utilization at a population level in rural and remote settings remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aim to evaluate changes in the rate of telemedicine use among rural populations and identify patient characteristics associated with telemedicine use, prior to and during the pandemic. METHODS We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study on all rural telemedicine visits monthly and quarterly from January 2012 to June 2020 using administrative data from Ontario, Canada. We compared changes in utilization for residents of rural and urban regions of the province prior to and during the pandemic. RESULTS The rate of telemedicine visits among rural patients significantly increased from 11 visits per 1000 in December 2019 to 147 visits per 1000 in June 2020. A similar but steeper increase was seen among urban patients (7 visits per 1000 to 220 visits per 1000). CONCLUSIONS Telemedicine adoption grew in rural and remote areas during the COVID-19 pandemic and this increase was prevalent across various levels of rurality, age groups, and chronic conditions. Sharper increases in telemedicine visit rates were seen among patients residing in comparatively less rural regions.

scholarly journals Comparison of Health-related Quality of Life in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis and Controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Robabeh Soleimani ◽  
◽  
Mir Mohammad Jalali‌ ◽  
Ali Faghieh Habibi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background: Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa that can affect the quality of life of patients. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in patients with allergic rhinitis and healthy people. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were 100 patients with persistent allergic rhinitis (Mean±SD age = 30.1±7.6 years) and 100 healthy individuals (Mean±SD age = 29.7±6.0 years) referred to Amir Al-Momenin Hospital in Rasht, Iran. After obtaining an informed consent from them, a demographic form and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were completed for them. T-test was used to compare the scores between the two groups. All statistical analyzes were performed in SPSS V. 19 software. Results: The Mean±SD of the HRQOL score in patients (66.66±13.77) was lower than in controls (72.88±12.40). This difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Results showed a significant relationship of low HRQOL with male gender and higher level of education (P<0.001). Conclusion: HRQOL in patients with allergic rhinitis is significantly poor. Further studies on the effect of this disease in different age groups and the role of pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological treatment methods in improving their HRQOL are recommended.

RETROSPECTIVE HOSPITAL DATA BASED STUDY ON ALLERGIC RHINITIS CASES IN UPPER ASSAM REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Mohan Kumar Mili ◽  
Shilpi Gupta ◽  
Shankhadhwaj Borah ◽  
Milan Kumar ◽  
Monikuntal Sarmah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The People ◽  
Working Age

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is clinically dened as a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced after allergen exposure by an IgE- mediated inammation of the nasal mucous membranes. The symptoms include rhinorrhea (anterior or posterior), nasal congestion, nasal itching, and sneezing. In this study, we tried to determine the prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis among the people of North Eastern part of India (Assam) retrospectively. So we did a data based cohort study in a cross sectional pattern of the patients of visited Otorhinolaryngology Department of Assam medical college Dibrugarh, India, from July 2019 to June 2020. Aims And Objectives: To study about the burden of Allergic rhinitis among the people of Upper Assam Region. Methods And Materials: A study was done retrospectively based on data of the 420 patients who visited Otorhinolaryngology OPD in Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh from July 2019 to June 2020, with symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis. The diagnosis was made on the basis of history and clinical examination. Discussion: It was found that out of 420 patients, the bulk of patients came to OPD during rainy season of august, autumn months of October and winter months of November. Besides 64% of people were of working age groups of 21-59 years who were exposed to dust , pollens, fungus , house dust mites during seasonal variations. Conclusion: The burden of allergic rhinitis in upper Assam region is largely underestimated. The cause of consistent symptoms of allergic rhinitis was noncompliance with medications, Lack of ability to comply with the advice of prevention of exposure to allergens, lack of education, lack of denitive diagnosis in peripheral health centre.

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