scholarly journals Anti-neuron antibody syndrome: clinical features, cytokines/chemokines and predictors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Liao ◽  
Chuanfen Li ◽  
Xiaoying Bi ◽  
Hongwei Guo ◽  
Ying Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Neuroimmunology is a rapidly expanding field, and there have been recent discoveries of new antibodies and neurological syndromes. Most of the current clinical studies have focused on disorders involving one specific antibody. We have summarized a class of antibodies that target common neuronal epitopes, and we have proposed the term “anti-neuron antibody syndrome” (ANAS). In this study, we aimed to clarify the clinical range and analyse the clinical features, cytokines/chemokines and predictors in ANAS. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study investigating patients with neurological manifestations that were positive for anti-neuron antibodies. Results A total of 110 patients were identified, of which 43 patients were classified as having autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and the other 67 were classified as having paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS). With regards to anti-neuron antibodies, 42 patients tested positive for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibody, 19 for anti-Hu, 14 for anti-Yo and 12 for anti-PNMA2 (Ma2). There were significant differences between the ANAS and control groups in serum B cell-activating factor (BAFF) levels and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) C-X-C motif chemokine10 (CXCL10), CXCL13, interleukin10 (IL10), BAFF and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) levels. Predictors of poor outcomes included having tumours (P = 0.0193) and having a chronic onset (P = 0.0306), and predictors of relapses included having lower levels of CSF BAFF (P = 0.0491) and having a larger ratio of serum TGFβ1/serum CXCL13 (P = 0.0182). Conclusions Most patients with ANAS had a relatively good prognosis. Having tumours and a chronic onset were both associated with poor outcomes. CSF BAFF and the ratio of serum TGFβ1/serum CXCL13 were associated with relapses.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms in genes <i>CTSB, CTSD, CAPN2, KLK1</i> and <i>TGFB1</i> not associated with susceptibility to atypical or classical ovine scrapie

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-464
Author(s):  
D. K. Caspari ◽  
A. Balkema-Buschman ◽  
H. R. Brandt ◽  
M. H. Groschup ◽  
G. Erhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathepsin B ◽  
Cathepsin D ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
And Control

Abstract. In the present study polymorphisms in the genes cathepsin B (CTSB), cathepsin D (CTSD), calpain, large polypeptide L2 (CAPN2), kallikrein 1 (KLK1) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1) were investigated for association with scrapie susceptibility in sheep. Therefore single nucleotide polymorphisms in the respective genes were identified and examined for a potential impact on the gene function with different computer programs. Samples of 72 atypical and 104 classical scrapie cases as well as of 443 clinically healthy flock mates were genotyped by PCR-based screening methods. Neither allele frequencies nor genotype frequencies showed significant differences between scrapie positive sheep and control animals in any of the investigated genes.

Clinical features of girls with short stature among inv (9), Turner (45, X) and control individuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Chen ◽  
Xiumin Wang ◽  
Guanping Dong ◽  
Junfen Fu ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Control Study

AbstractBackground:The clinical significance of pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 [inv (9)] remains unclear.Methods:This case control study assessed girls with short stature. According to karyotypes, the subjects were divided into inv (9) [46,XX,inv (9)(p12q13) and 46,XX,inv (9)(p11q13)], Turner syndrome (45, X) and control (normal 46, XX) groups, respectively. Detailed clinical features were compared.Results:Height standard deviation score (SDS) values at diagnosis were −2.51±0.58, −3.71±2.12 and −2.5±1.24 for inv (9), (45, X) and control groups, respectively (p=0.022). The inv (9) group showed lower body mass index (BMI) values compared with the (45, X) and control groups (F=5.097, p=0.008). Similar growth hormone deficiency (GHD) incidences were found in all groups. Interestingly, height SDS was positively correlated with mother height and patient BMI SDS (r=0.51, p=0.036; r=0.576, p=0.023, respectively) in the inv (9) group. In the (45, X) group, height SDS was positively correlated with birth weight (r=0.392, p=0.039).Conclusions:Short stature in inv (9) girls was correlated with low birth weight (LBW) and mother height.

scholarly journals Glutathione S-Transferase Omega-2 and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Polymorphisms in Iranian Glaucoma Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shahram Bamdad ◽  
Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi ◽  
Marzieh Alamolhoda ◽  
Nasrin Masihpour ◽  
Mohammad-Hossein Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Tgf Β1

Background. To investigate the association of glutathione s-transferase omega 2 (GSTO2) (142N > D) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (869T > C) gene polymorphisms on the pathogenesis of two common types of glaucoma (including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG)) in the Iranian population. Methods. A total of 100 glaucoma patients (60% males and 40% females with an age mean ± SD of 34.66 ± 14.25 years; 56 cases of POAG and 44 cases of CACG) were enrolled in this study. GSTO2 (142N > D) and TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms were evaluated by PCR-based methods in patients and controls. Results. At locus GSTO2 (142N > D), the odds of ND genotype with respect to DD and NN genotypes were 1.55 and 2.08 times higher in POAG and CACG patients compared to those of patients in the control group (95% CI1: 0.80–2.98; 95% CI2: 1.00–4.33) which was statistically significant in CACG patients. However, the odds of DD and NN genotypes against the reference genotype in two patients group were not statistically significant as compared to those of patients in the control group. There was a significant association between the ND genotype and male patients (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.06–4.92). The analysis of TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms showed no significant difference between the genotypes of TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms in patients and control groups; however, the CT genotype of TGF-β1 significantly differed between female controls and patients (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–0.96). Conclusion. The presented results revealed that there was a significant association between the ND genotype of GSTO2 and the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Furthermore, this genotype can be considered as a sex-dependent genetic risk factor for the development of glaucoma. In contrast, the CT genotype of TGF-β1 is suggested to be a protective genetic factor against the pathogenesis of glaucoma.

scholarly journals Platelet counts predict prognosis in IPF, but are not the main source of pulmonary TGFβ1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah. L. W. Chong ◽  
Theresia A. Mikolasch ◽  
Jagdeep Sahota ◽  
Carine Rebeyrol ◽  
Helen S. Garthwaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Targeted Deletion ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
And Control

AbstractTransforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) is the key pro-fibrotic cytokine implicated in the interstitial lung diseases (ILD), including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but the primary source of TGFβ1 in these diseases is unknown. Platelets have abundant TGFβ1 stores, however their role in IPF is ill-defined. We sought to investigate whether platelets or platelet-derived TGFβ1 mediate IPF disease progression.ILD/IPF and non-ILD patients were recruited to determine platelet reactivity and followed for mortality. To study whether platelet-derived TGFβ1 modulates pulmonary fibrosis, mice with a targeted deletion of TGFβ1 in megakaryocytes and platelets (TGFβ1fl/fl.PF4-Cre) were used in the bleomycin-induced PF model.We found a significantly higher mortality in IPF patients with elevated platelet counts, along with significantly increased platelets, neutrophils, TGFβ1 and CCL5 in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of ILD patients. Despite platelets being readily detected within the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice, neither the degree of pulmonary inflammation or fibrosis were significantly different between TGFβ1fl/fl.PF4-Cre and control mice.Our results demonstrate for the first-time that platelet-derived TGFβ1 is redundant in driving pulmonary fibrosis in an animal model. However, platelets can predict mortality in IPF implicating other platelet-derived mediators, such as CCL5, in promoting human IPF disease.

scholarly journals Comprehensive B-Cell Immune Repertoire Analysis of Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis and Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Feng ◽  
Siyuan Fan ◽  
Yinwei Sun ◽  
Haitao Ren ◽  
Hongzhi Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Immune Repertoire ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Gene Usage ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Usage Preference ◽  
Immune Repertoire Analysis

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) and anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis (anti-LGI1E) are the two most common types of antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the B-cell immune repertoire in patients with anti-NMDARE (n = 7) and anti-LGI1E (n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 4). The results revealed the presence of many common clones between patients with these two types of autoimmune encephalitis, which were mostly class-switched. Additionally, many differences were found among the anti-NMDARE, anti-LGI1E, and healthy control groups, including the diversity of the B-cell immune repertoire and gene usage preference. These findings suggest that the same adaptive immune responses occur in patients with anti-NMDARE and anti-LGI1E, which deserves further exploration.

Effects of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on airway remodeling in a murine model of bronchial asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1576-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-ping Xu ◽  
Jian-min Huo ◽  
Yu-lan Sang ◽  
Jian Kang ◽  
Xue Li
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Arsenic Trioxide ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Airway Remodeling ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
And Control

We investigated the effects of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) as a possible approach for preventing airway remodeling in a murine model of bronchial asthma induced by ovalbumin (OVA) challenge. Forty Balb/c mice were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups (10 mice/group) as follows: controls (challenged with sterile saline inhalation only); OVA-challenged, no treatment; OVA-challenged, treated with dexamethasone; and OVA-challenged, treated with As2O3. All mice were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection with 10% OVA at 2 weeks prior to saline or OVA inhalation challenge. Challenges were for 8 weeks. After OVA challenge, typical asthma-like morphology changes in the bronchi and lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin–eosin staining and pulmonary function indices were reduced compared with controls. Changes in pulmonary indices and lung tissues were similar in the dexamethasone and As2O3 groups and were in between those of the untreated and control groups. Compared with the untreated group, transforming growth factor β1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 protein levels and mRNA expression were decreased in lung tissues of the dexamethasone and As2O3 groups. Our results suggest that steroids and As2O3 can inhibit airway remodeling in chronic asthma by mechanisms related to inhibiting the expression of the 3 aforementioned mediators.

scholarly journals The Immunomodulary Effects of Systematic Exercise in Older Adults and People with Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Szymura ◽  
Jadwiga Kubica ◽  
Magdalena Wiecek ◽  
Joanna Pera
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha

We sought to investigate whether regular balance training of moderate intensity (BT) has an effect on changes in selected cytokines, neurotrophic factors, CD200 and fractalkine in healthy older adults and participants with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Sixty-two subjects were divided into groups depending on experimental intervention: (1) group of people with PD participating in BT (PDBT), (2) group of healthy older people participating in BT (HBT), (3,4) control groups including healthy individuals (HNT) and people with PD (PDNT). Blood samples were collected twice: before and after 12 weeks of balance exercise (PDBT, HBT), or 12 weeks apart (PDNT, HNT). The study revealed significant increase of interleukin10 (PDBT, p = 0.026; HBT, p = 0.011), β-nerve growth factor (HBT, p = 0.002; PDBT, p = 0.016), transforming growth factor-β1 (PDBT, p = 0.018; HBT, p < 0.004), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (PDBT, p = 0.011; HBT, p < 0.001) and fractalkine (PDBT, p = 0.045; HBT, p < 0.003) concentration only in training groups. In PDBT, we have found a significant decrease of tumor necrosis factor alpha. No training effect on concentration of interleukin6, insulin-like growth factor 1 and CD200 was observed in both training and control groups. Regular training can modulate level of inflammatory markers and induce neuroprotective mechanism to reduce the inflammatory response.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document