scholarly journals Quantification of the demands of cricket bowling and the relationship to injury risk: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Constable ◽  
Daniel Wundersitz ◽  
Rodrigo Bini ◽  
Michael Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Cricket Bowling ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Bowling in cricket is a complex sporting movement which, despite being well characterised, still produces a significant number of injuries each year. Fast bowlers are more likely to be injured than any other playing role. Frequency, duration, intensity and volume of bowling, which have been generalised as measurements of workload, are thought to be risk factors for injuries. Injury rates of fast bowlers have not reduced in recent years despite the implementation of various workload monitoring practices. Objective To identify the variables used to quantify frequency, intensity, time and volume of bowling; and evaluate relationships between these variables and injury risk. Methods Six online databases were systematically searched for studies on fast bowling that included terms related to workload. Population characteristics, variables relating to demand and their relationship to standardised definitions of physical activity were extracted from all included studies. Results Bowling workload is typically quantified through measures of frequency, duration, or indirect intensity, with few studies reporting on bowling volume. Conclusions When reported on, volume was often described using imprecise or insufficient measures of intensity. There is a need to develop more appropriate measures of intensity during bowling and improve the quality of evidence to inform on bowling programme management practices.

scholarly journals 31.B. Workshop: Public health and urban design: an interdisciplinary approach to promote autism friendly environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Autism is a set of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions, characterised by early-onset difficulties in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviour and interests. The worldwide population prevalence is about 1% with an increasing incidence and prevalence rates. Autism affects more male than female individuals, and comorbidity is common (>70% have concurrent conditions). Determinants of these changes in incidence and prevalence rates may also be related to exposure to environmental factors and to modifications in diagnostic concepts and criteria. In spite of the uncertainty in determinants of incidence of autisms, there is evidence that environmental characteristics play a significant role both as autism risk factors and as potential obstacles that influence the capabilities of autonomously and fully “using” everyday spaces. The workshop aims to provide a framework on risk factors of autism and explore the relationship with the built environment, focusing on the quality of the everyday spaces and projecting the effects that it could have in the long term on achieving a desirable level of quality of life. The 11th Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations “Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” underlines the necessity of designing policies and projects acting to enhance and promote healthy cities and communities by addressing the needs of the most vulnerable groups of inhabitants. Herewith we bring together the discipline of Public Health and Urban Design to promote an interdisciplinary debate on a little explored topic investigating how the approaches adopted during childhood to promote the wellbeing of people with ASD can be related or strengthen by focusing also on built environment design intervention to pursue and reach the same objectives even during adulthood. The workshop will consist of four presentations. The first focuses on giving an overview on current knowledge of intervention for people with autism, presenting also criteria for evidence-based interventions. The second explores the relationship between autism and built environment by providing an exhaustive framework of the available research literature in order to identify a first set of spatial requirements for autism friendly cities. The third examines the impact of built environment on ASD users with the aim of developing a specific evaluation tool for healthcare spaces and best practices formulation according to the specific sensorial hypo- or hyper-activation of people with autism. Finally, the fourth reports the results of a two years Research & Development project called “GAP REDUCE” finalized at developing an Assistive Technology tool to support people with ASD, adult and high-functioning, to plan urban itineraries towards daily destinations. Key messages World's incidence of autism is about 1% with an increasing incidence whose determining rates may also be related to environmental factors and to modifications in diagnostic concepts and criteria. Environmental characteristics play a significant role also as potential obstacles that influence the capabilities of people with autism of autonomously and fully “using” everyday spaces.

scholarly journals The Role of Self-Management Practices as Mechanisms for Re-Establishing Normality in Cancer Survivors

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Henshall ◽  
Sheila Greenfield ◽  
Nicola Gale
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Lifestyle Activities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Static Concept

This article explores the relationship between cancer survivors’ use of self-management practices and their search for normality. Using Frank’s illness narratives and other theoretical literature on normality in chronic illness, it draws on findings from a qualitative study to explore different ways cancer survivors use self-management practices to re-establish normality in their lives post-cancer. The findings suggest that “normality” represents different things to cancer survivors. We suggest that normality in survivorship is not a static concept but is fluid, and at certain times, cancer survivors may display some or all of these different versions of normality. The findings show that self-management practices can help cancer survivors experiment with different health and lifestyle processes to help support their “normal” daily lifestyle activities, quality of life, and well-being.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Military Parachuting Injuries among Chinese Air Force Cadet Pilots

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 1778-1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Jing Guo ◽  
Yong Ren Chen ◽  
Yong Bo Yang ◽  
Gao Feng Qu ◽  
Dong Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Surface Wind Speed ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Chinese Air Force

Parachuting injuries among cadet pilots often occur because they undergo extensive training within a short period of time. To explore the injury mechanism and to prevent injuries, this paper investigated the injury risk factors for the military parachuting of cadet pilots. A prospective study of static line parachute descents by Chinese Air Force cadet pilots was performed. The study indicates that 153 cadet pilots were injured, with a total of 168 injuries. The injury rates associated with extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors were compared and analyzed by using orthogonal multivariate analysis. Landing is the most dangerous part of parachuting, causing 88% of injuries. Extrinsic factors associated with increased injury rates are higher surface wind speed and third-generation protective boots. Intrinsic factors associated with reduced injury rates are excellent mental qualities, excellent parachuting movements, and female cadet pilots. Strengthening parachuting movements and mental qualities, approving jumps only when basic parachuting conditions are met, and improving protective equipment are recommended strategies for preventing parachuting injuries.

577 The Intersection Between Burns and Psychiatric Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S130-S131
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Gasteratos ◽  
Pantelis Voitsidis ◽  
Nikolaos Vlahopoulos ◽  
Abra H Shen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Burns constitute a major health problem accounting together with fires for more than 300.000 deaths per year worldwide and for a great rate of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Identifying the relationship between mental disorders and burns is crucial since the former seems to constitute an important risk factor for the latter. At the same time, clinical experience and scientific evidence suggest that survivors of burns often develop psychiatric sequelae, causing poorer outcomes and lower quality of life. Methods We conducted a systematic review in order to study the relationship between burns and psychopathology as well as the quality of life. We used the search engine “PubMed” with the term “((psychiatric[Title/Abstract]) OR psychological[Title/Abstract]) AND burns[Title/Abstract]” without limits regarding the time of publication, resulting in 761 studies. Using the Covidence online platform that enables screening of the articles by two reviewers, we screened the articles, first by title and abstract and then by full text. Non-English papers or papers with no full texts will be excluded from the study. We aim to register the review in the official international prospective register of the National Institute for Health Research (PROSPERO). Results Preliminary results suggest that a history of mental disorder is common among burn patients, whether self-inflicted or not. Research tends to focus on self-inflicted burns which are expected to show such an association. Indeed, psychotic disorders, drug dependence and depression constitute significant risk factors for self-immolation. At the same time, the presence of a mental disorder may be associated with a worse prognosis (burn complications, patient morbidity, and mortality, multiple hospitalizations, increased cost for treatment). Burn survivors are also at risk for developing psychiatric complications, such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety disorders, as well as experiencing a lower quality of life. It appears that the disfigurement, loss of function and change in body image perception caused by the burns lead to the emergence or recurrence of a psychiatric condition. Last but not least, the relationship between delirium in the Burns Intensive Care Unit patients is well established. Conclusions There seems to exist a significant ambidirectional connection between burns and mental disorders. Higher rates of mental disorders among burn patients in the pre- and post-burn period complicate the situation and lead to poorer results if left untreated. Applicability of Research to Practice Identifying risk factors for burns associated with the medical history, early recognition and appropriate treatment of mental disorders after the burn incident, improving rehabilitation and psychosocial re-integration of this patient population.

The relationship between cricket participation, health and wellbeing: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Scott Bullock ◽  
Nirmala Perera ◽  
Andrew Murray ◽  
John Orchard ◽  
Nigel A Arden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Summarising and synthesising the evidence on cricket health and wellbeing can help inform cricket stakeholders and navigate future research directions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cricket participation, health and wellbeing at all ages and playing standards, and identify research gaps in the existing literature. A scoping review was performed from inception to March, 2020. Studies were included if they assessed a construct related to health and/or wellbeing in cricketers, available in English. 219 articles were eligible. Injury incidence per 1,000 player exposures ranged from 1.8-5.7 injuries. 48% of former cricketers experienced persistent joint pain. However, former cricketers reported greater physical activity levels and mental-components of quality of life compared to the general population. Heat injury/illness and skin cancer are concerns and require further research. Cricket participation is associated with an inherent injury risk, which may have negative implications for musculoskeletal health in later life. However, cricket participation is associated with high quality of life which can persist after retirement. Gaps in the literature include prospective studies on health and wellbeing of cricketers, female cricketers, injury prevention strategies, and the impact of cricket participation on metabolic health and lifetime physical activity.

Field Monitoring of Physical Activity in Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patty S. Freedson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
Heart Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Precise Quantification ◽  
The Relationship

Precise quantification of physical activity is necessary in order to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and various types of disease and/or risk factors associated with disease. With the emergence of the study of the origins of coronary heart disease risk factors in children, it is imperative that accurate measurement of physical activity in the pediatric population be obtained. This review critically evaluates various field measures of physical activity in children including motion sensors, questionnaires, and heart rate. A new heart-rate quantification procedure is also presented that may provide an index of the quality of physical activity.

Microbiological Quality and Risk Factors Related to Sandwiches Served in Bakeries, Cafés, and Sandwich Bars in South Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
HONG GEUN JANG ◽  
NAM HEE KIM ◽  
YOUNG MIN CHOI ◽  
MIN SUK RHEE
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Holding Temperature

The objective of this study was to investigate the microbiological quality of sandwiches produced on site and served in bakeries, cafés, and sandwich bars in South Korea and to determine the major risk factors affecting the sanitation level in each store (n = 1,120). The microbiological quality of the sandwiches was analyzed, and the sanitation level of each store was evaluated as satisfactory or unsatisfactory based on sanitation guidelines. Total coliforms were detected in 906 samples (80.9%), but only 3 samples (0.3%) contained confirmed Escherichia coli contamination. The detection rate was highest for Bacillus cereus (10.0%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (1.3%) and Salmonella (0.2%). Vibrio parahaemolyticus was not detected in any samples. The microbial contamination level was significantly lower in winter (P < 0.05) and in stores with a higher sanitation grade. Factors related to the microbiological quality of sandwiches were evaluated as the relative risk (RR) of coliform contamination, and the higher risk factors for sandwich contamination were improper holding temperature (RR = 8.75), cross-contamination (RR = 6.30), lack of proper ventilation systems (RR = 6.16), and the absence of clean and/or suitable outer garments (RR = 5.73). Most factors were related to the failure of food handlers to adhere to sanitation guidelines rather than to unsanitary environments. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the microbiological quality of sandwiches served on-site and various risk factors. These results will help researchers establish guidelines for the sanitary management of sandwich shops.

scholarly journals Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of common lower extremity muscle injuries in sport – grading the evidence: a statement paper commissioned by the Danish Society of Sports Physical Therapy (DSSF)

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 528-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse Ishøi ◽  
Kasper Krommes ◽  
Rasmus Skov Husted ◽  
Carsten B Juhl ◽  
Kristian Thorborg
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Moderate Quality ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

This statement summarises and appraises the evidence on diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the most common lower extremity muscle injuries in sport. We systematically searched electronic databases, and included studies based on the highest available evidence. Subsequently, we evaluated the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework, grading the quality of evidence from high to very low. Most clinical tests showed very low to low diagnostic effectiveness. For hamstring injury prevention, programmes that included the Nordic hamstring exercise resulted in a hamstring injury risk reduction when compared with usual care (medium to large effect size; moderate to high quality of evidence). For prevention of groin injuries, both the FIFA 11+programme and the Copenhagen adductor strengthening programme resulted in a groin injury risk reduction compared with usual care (medium effect size; low to moderate quality of evidence). For the treatment of hamstring injuries, lengthening hamstring exercises showed the fastest return to play with a lower reinjury rate compared with conventional hamstring exercises (large effect size; very low to low quality of evidence). Platelet-rich plasma had no effect on time to return-to-play and reinjury risk (trivial effect size; moderate quality of evidence) after a hamstring injury compared with placebo or rehabilitation. At this point, most outcomes for diagnosis, prevention and treatment were graded as very low to moderate quality of evidence, indicating that further high-quality research is likely to have an important impact on the confidence in the effect estimates.

CEO characteristics and earnings management: empirical evidence from France

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhouha Bouaziz ◽  
Bassem Salhi ◽  
Anis Jarboui
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Discretionary Accruals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Communication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ceo Characteristics

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of chief executive officer (CEO) characteristics on the earnings management examined by the discretionary accruals. Design/methodology/approach The sample includes 151 French firms listed on the CAC ALL shares index from 2006 to 2015. The paper uses the feasible generalized least square regression technique to test the relationship between CEO characteristics and earnings management. Findings Using discretionary accruals as a proxy for earnings management, the results obtained from the three models (Jones modified 1995; Kothari et al., 2005; Raman and Shahrur, 2008) indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between CEO duality, CEO nationality and the quality of financial communication. However, no significant relationship was found between CEO board member, CEO turnover and earnings management. Originality/value A literature review finds that fewer studies have investigated the relationship between earnings management practices and personal CEO characteristics in the French context. Furthermore, no study yet has examined the influence of CEO nationality and CEO age on earnings management practices. This study provides empirical data about the impact of CEO’s characteristics on earnings management and how these different characteristics can facilitate the transition to manipulate and influence the quality of financial communication.

scholarly journals Regional Variation on Rates of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Associated Risk Factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ximena Rojas ◽  
Mario Augusto Rojas ◽  
Juan Manuel Lozano ◽  
Martín Alonso Rondón ◽  
Laura Patricia Charry
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Respiratory Management ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

Background. An abnormally high incidence (44%) of bronchopulmonary dysplasia with variations in rates among cities was observed in Colombia among premature infants. Objective. To identify risk factors that could explain the observed high incidence and regional variations of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Study Design. A case-control study was designed for testing the hypothesis that differences in the disease rates were not explained by differences in city-of-birth specific population characteristics or by differences in respiratory management practices in the first 7 days of life, among cities. Results. Multivariate analysis showed that premature rupture of membranes, exposure to mechanical ventilation after received nasal CPAP, no surfactant exposure, use of rescue surfactant (instead of early surfactant), PDA, sepsis and the median daily FIO2, were associated with a higher risk of dysplasia. Significant differences between cases and controls were found among cities. Models exploring for associations between city of birth and dysplasia showed that being born in the highest altitude city (Bogotá) was associated with a higher risk of dysplasia (OR 1.82 95% CI 1.31–2.53). Conclusions. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia was manly explained by traditional risk factors. Findings suggest that altitude may play an important role in the development of this disease. Prenatal steroids did not appear to be protective at high altitude.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document