scholarly journals Reflex memory theory of acquired involuntary motor and sensory disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Oyigeya
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Sensory Disorders ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Sustained Effects ◽  
Excitatory Neurotransmitters ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Automatic Memory ◽  
Clinical Problems

Abstract Background Explicit and implicit memories are conserved but flexible biological tools that nature uses to regulate the daily behaviors of human beings. An aberrant form of the implicit memory is presumed to exist and may be contributory to the pathophysiology of disorders such as tardive syndromes, phantom phenomena, flashback, posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), and related disorders. These disorders have posed significant clinical problems for both patients and physicians for centuries. All extant pathophysiological theories of these disorders have failed to provide basis for effective treatment. Objective The objective of this article is to propose an alternative pathophysiological theory that will hopefully lead to new treatment approaches. Methods The author sourced over 60 journal articles that treated topics on memory, and involuntary motor and sensory disorders, from open access journals using Google Scholar, and reviewed them and this helped in the formulation of this theory. Results From the reviews, the author thinks physical or chemical insult to the nervous system can cause defective circuit remodeling, leading to generation of a variant of implicit (automatic) memory, herein called “reflex memory” and this is encoded interoceptively to contribute to these phenomena states. Conclusion Acquired involuntary motor and sensory disorders are caused by defective circuit remodeling involving multiple neural mechanisms. Dysregulation of excitatory neurotransmitters, calcium overload, homeostatic failure, and neurotoxicity are implicated in the process. Sustained effects of these defective mechanisms are encoded interoceptively as abnormal memory in the neurons and the conscious manifestations are these disorders. Extant theories failed to recognize this possibility.

scholarly journals Writing for Academic Journals in the Digital Era

RELC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Paltridge
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Academic Work ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Plagiarism Detection ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Online Publishing ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Predatory Publishers ◽  
The Impact

The use of digital technologies has transformed the processes of writing for academic journals and the dissemination and preservation of academic work. It has also made the measurement of the impact of publications in academic journals easier and this information more accessible to authors. In this article I discuss some of the ways in which digital technologies have changed writing for academic journals as well as how digital technologies are being used in the submission and review of journal articles. This includes ways in which academic work can be stored and shared, the use of citation management tools, and the sharing of research materials once an article has been accepted for publication. I also give an overview of how digital technologies are being used in the review of journal articles including the use of plagiarism detection software. Issues in online publishing are outlined as is the development of open-access journals and the rise of predatory publishers. Social media and journal publishing and the use of multimodality in research article writing are also discussed.

PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGISTS E-MAIL/INTERNET

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-321
Author(s):  
Mack KJ
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Mail ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
On Line ◽  
The University ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Clinical Problems

An electronic mail mailing list has been created to aid communication between pediatric neurologists. Any child neurologist or neurologist with connections to the Internet, or a private on-line service can subscribe. The mailserver serves as a forum for discussion of topics in child neurology. Topics include problem patients, therapeutic approaches to clinical problems, and discussions of recent journal articles. In addition, we hope that individual case reports may evolve into series of patients by pooling similar patients from separate institutions. Cases, questions, comments, etc. e-mailed to the mailserver are automatically forwarded to everyone on the list. Responses can either be private (to the initial sender or any other member) or public (to everyone on the list). The CHILD-NEURO mailserver is run out of the University of Wisconsin, and the service is free-of-charge. To sign up, send an e-mail message from the address you will be using to: [email protected] with no subject and SUBSCRIBE CHILDNEURO as the entire message. A welcoming message with instructions on the use of the mailserver will be sent to new subscribers. Please e-mail or phone Dr. Ken Mack ([email protected]; 608-263-9086) or Dr. Steve Leber ([email protected]) for more information, or if difficulties arise in subscribing to the list.

Open access journals: a bibliometric study in SSCI

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsu-Jui Ma ◽  
Gwo-Guang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
Bibliometric Study ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Publication Trends ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Basic Reference ◽  
Prolific Authors ◽  
Article Citation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe a bibliometric study of journal articles in Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) related to open access journals. Publication trends from 1993 to 2016, core journals, prolific authors and article citation frequencies were examined to provide librarians and scholars with a basic reference of relevant resources. Design/methodology/approach Among articles published in journals which have been listed in SSCI during 1993-2016, titles were searched for the term “open access journal”. The data were evaluated in response to five research questions concerning topics including publication trends from 1993 to 2016, core journals, prolific authors and article citation frequencies. Findings In total, 115 articles on open access journals were authored by 215 individuals from 1993 to 2016. The 115 articles analyzed were cited 842 times in 57 journals. Originality/value This paper describes a bibliometric study on open access journal publication, which has rarely been performed within the specific context of document supply issues. It provides a foundation for further research on titles as well as resources for librarians and scholars.

scholarly journals Completeness of reporting in abstracts of randomized controlled trials in subscription and open access journals: cross-sectional study

Trials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Jerčić Martinić-Cezar ◽  
Ana Marušić
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Completeness Of Reporting

Abstract Background Open access (OA) journals are becoming a publication standard for health research, but it is not clear how they differ from traditional subscription journals in the quality of research reporting. We assessed the completeness of results reporting in abstracts of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in these journals. Methods We used the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Checklist for Abstracts (CONSORT-A) to assess the completeness of reporting in abstracts of parallel-design RCTs published in subscription journals (n = 149; New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, Annals of Internal Medicine, and Lancet) and OA journals (n = 119; BioMedCentral series, PLoS journals) in 2016 and 2017. Results Abstracts in subscription journals completely reported 79% (95% confidence interval [CI], 77–81%) of 16 CONSORT-A items, compared with 65% (95% CI, 63–67%) of these items in abstracts from OA journals (P < 0.001, chi-square test). The median number of completely reported CONSORT-A items was 13 (95% CI, 12–13) in subscription journal articles and 11 (95% CI, 10–11) in OA journal articles. Subscription journal articles had significantly more complete reporting than OA journal articles for nine CONSORT-A items and did not differ in reporting for items trial design, outcome, randomization, blinding (masking), recruitment, and conclusions. OA journals were better than subscription journals in reporting randomized study design in the title. Conclusion Abstracts of randomized controlled trials published in subscription medical journals have greater completeness of reporting than abstracts published in OA journals. OA journals should take appropriate measures to ensure that published articles contain adequate detail to facilitate understanding and quality appraisal of research reports about RCTs.

scholarly journals Dealing with predatory journal articles captured in systematic reviews

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle B. Rice ◽  
Becky Skidmore ◽  
Kelly D. Cobey
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Predatory Journals ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Predatory Journal

Abstract Background Systematic reviews appraise and synthesize the results from a body of literature. In healthcare, systematic reviews are also used to develop clinical practice guidelines. An increasingly common concern among systematic reviews is that they may unknowingly capture studies published in “predatory” journals and that these studies will be included in summary estimates and impact results, guidelines, and ultimately, clinical care. Findings There is currently no agreed-upon guidance that exists for how best to manage articles from predatory journals that meet the inclusion criteria for a systematic review. We describe a set of actions that authors of systematic reviews can consider when handling articles published in predatory journals: (1) detail methods for addressing predatory journal articles a priori in a study protocol, (2) determine whether included studies are published in open access journals and if they are listed in the directory of open access journals, and (3) conduct a sensitivity analysis with predatory papers excluded from the synthesis. Conclusion Encountering eligible articles published in presumed predatory journals when conducting a review is an increasingly common threat. Developing appropriate methods to account for eligible research published in predatory journals is needed to decrease the potential negative impact of predatory journals on healthcare.

scholarly journals EKSISTENSI INSTITUSI PEMASYARAKATAN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN REINTEGRASI SOSIAL KEPADA WARGA BINAAN PEMASYARAKATAN

Yustitia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Rama Fatahillah Yulianto ◽  
Ali Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Social Reintegration ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Scientific Papers

The modern legal paradigm now has been echoed by all elements of law enforcement. Currently, there are laws that are just and bring benefits to the whole community. The existence of penitentiary facilities is increasingly needed, especially in terms of fostering or returning, penitentiary inmates (WBP) to become fully human beings. The purpose of correctional is social reintegration which is implemented by restoring the life relationship, life, and livelihood of the PAPs. Actors implementing law enforcement, stakeholders, and the community must work hand in hand in carrying out social reintegration. Because it takes alignment of the legal paradigm adopted. This study refer to the existence of penitentiary facilities in realizing social reintegration for PAPs. The author uses a qualitative research method with a literature study approach. Researchers collect data that is relevant to the topic or problem that is linear with this research. Information is obtained from scientific books, research reports, research journal articles, regulations, scientific papers, and other written sources. The results of the study reveal that the existence of correctional facilities is increasingly important, especially in carrying out social reintegration. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen between law enforcement and still require collaboration and alignment of the paradigm adopted between a number of elements, both actors implementing law enforcement, stakeholders, and the society.

scholarly journals Pain Perception and Management: Where Are We Standing

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Afridi ◽  
Haroon Khan ◽  
Esra Kupeli Akkol
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Electrical Shock ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Pain Pathways ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
The Individual

Background: Pain is often flammable, sharp and sometimes described as an electrical shock and can be categorized in three different ways as nociceptive, neuropathic and inflammatory. Nociceptive always originates in specific situations like in case of trauma. Neuropathic pain results in the case of nerve damage and inflammatory pain. In inflammatory pain, inflammatory mediators are involved in the sensitization of nociceptors. It is important to control the pain as it affects the individual physically, mentally, and socially. Objective: Knowing the pain physiopathology and pain pathways, defining the relationship between receptor and transmitter is very important in determining new treatment strategies. In this review, current information on the definitions, classifications, and physiological and chemical mechanisms involved in pain are reviewed. Methods: Different search engines were used to gather related articles/information. All those journals which are peerreviewed were considered. Additional, books/chapters of standard publishers were also included in the article. Results: In recent years, with a better understanding of the physiological and chemical mechanisms that play a role in pain, significant improvements have been achieved in the treatment of pain. Various oral or intravenous drugs, local injection treatments, physical and occupational therapy, electrical stimulation, alternative medicine applications, psychological support, and surgical applications are performed in the treatment depending on the severity or the cause of the pain. Conclusions: The development and renewal of the knowledge about pain physiopathology can be the basis for improving the quality of life of human beings and providing effective and reliable treatments with technological elements developing in the clinical and research field.

LISTERIOSIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-261
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vegetation Water ◽  
Clinical Problems

Listeria monocytogenes—an uncommon human pathogen of animal origin—has some unusual properties. The organism is widespread in the environment and many animals, and has the ability to grow over a temperature range (2-42°C) that includes refrigerator temperatures. . . . The bacterium itself becomes intracellular and has an outstanding predilection for pregnant women, in whomit causes very slight or inapparent illness but may cross the placenta to kill the fetus or give rise to perinatal septicaemia or meningitis in the newborn baby.... Listeria spp are present in vegetation, water, soil, and the faeces of man and animals, so it is not surprising that they are present in food. It follows that ingestion of modest numbers of listeria causes no clinical problems in healthy people.... The infective dose is also unknown, but presumably it is lower for pregnant and immunologically compromised individuals than for the normal population.... What is very clear is that as produced, processed, and finally cross-contaminated in chicken packing plants, very nearly all chicken carcasses are contaminated with listeria, as well as with Campylobacter jejuni and salmonellae. In the past two or three years infections due to these microbes have increased almost exponentially; they are all sporadic in distribution, and all three organisms are frequently introduced into the environment of the domestic kitchen via chicken meat.... There is always complacency in the livestock industry when infective agents do not cause significant economic losses in flocks or herds—listeria, salmonellae, and campylobacters all fail to do this. Surely it is time to think of the effect on human beings.

Autogenous transplants of adrenal fragments in an animal model.

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Dworzyńska ◽  
Katarzyna Paduszyńska ◽  
Lech Pomorski
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Bilateral Adrenalectomy ◽  
Adrenal Tumors ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
New Treatment

Introduction Adrenal insufficiency is a typical complication after surgical treatment of adrenal tumors, especially after the removal of both adrenal glands. Human beings are not able to survive without adrenal glands and without proper hormonal substitution. Autotransplantation of a fragment of the adrenal gland may prevent this complication. This can be done by transplanting the entire adrenal glands or its fragment, such as the adrenal cortex cells. In the case of adrenal tumors, the entire adrenal gland can not be transplanted. However, it is possible to transplant cells from the tumor-free part. Succesful adrenal autografts may result in a new treatment of adrenal insufficiency. Materials and Methods: Autograft transplantation was performed on 3 groups of Sprague Dawley rats. In the first group, physiological corticosterone concentrations were determined. These animals were not operated. In the second group, both adrenal glands were removed. Corticosterone concentrations were determined after bilateral adrenalectomy. The third group was divided into two parts. In the first subgroup, bilateral adrenalectomy was performed simultaneosly with adrenal transplant into the omentum. In the second subgroup, right adrenalectomy was performed simultaneosly with and adrenal transplant into the omentum followed a month later by left adrenalectomy. During the experiment, corticosterone concentrations were measured at 4 time points. Results. The statistical difference between corticosterone concentrations in rats after two timed adrenalectomies and rats after bilateral adrenalectomy was statistically different, but these results were far from physiological concentrations.

Progress in Cartilage Tissue Engineering with Nanostructured Extracellular Matrix

2013 ◽  
Vol 643 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Shu Jiang Zhang ◽  
Huo Yan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Repair Ability ◽  
New Treatment

Tissue defects and organ failure have seriously threatened the health and life of human beings and are challenges in modern medicine we have been trying to overcome. They are often treated with tissue and organ transplantation. Although autologous tissue transplantation is not bothered by immune rejection, it could cause defects of the donor site and create new pains. Therefore, scientists are striving to explore more ideal principles and methods while working hard to improve the existing treatments as most as possible. The rise and development of tissue engineering will be possible to provide adequate safe “autologous” tissues and organs to repair human body. Cartilage damage is one of the main causes of osteoarthritis. However, it has limited self-repair ability. Thus, cartilage tissue engineering, especially nanomaterials as a new treatment modality provides a therapeutic potential.

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