Psychological well-being and burnout amongst medical students in India: a report from a nationally accessible survey

Abstract Background Medical students in India face multiple challenges and sources of stress during their training. No nationally representative survey has yet been undertaken. We undertook a cross-sectional national survey to assess substance use, psychological well-being, and burnout using CAGE, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), and the short General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The survey was open to all medical students in India. Descriptive statistics along with chi square tests and Spearman’s correlation were performed. Results Burnout was reported by 86% of respondents for disengagement and 80% for exhaustion. Seventy percent had a score of more than 2 on the GHQ-12, indicating caseness. Conclusions This study reveals that medical students are going through exceptional stress when compared to their age-matched peers. More nationally representative studies must be conducted on a large scale to quantify the problem and to help design new interventions.

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Association between Socioeconomic Status and Psychological Distress among Rwandan Refugees in Zambia: a Gender Perspective

African Journal of Gender, Society and Development (formerly Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa) ◽

10.31920/2634-3622/2021/v10n4a2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 37-59

Author(s):

Victor Mwanamwambwa ◽

Basil Joseph Pillay

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Financial Support ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Occupational Status ◽

Well Being ◽

Easy Access ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gender Perspective ◽

Psychological Well Being

Urban refugees face several challenges which affect their emotional, social, and psychological well-being. This study utilised a quantitative cross-sectional design. The study assessed the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and psychological distress from a gender perspective among Rwandan refugees in Lusaka, Zambia. Two hundred and sixty-seven refugees between 18 and 65(M=33.99 years) participated in the study. The sample comprised men (47.9%) and women (52.1%) who were selected from Lusaka townships using purposive and convenience sampling techniques. SES was measured by assessing participants’ educational attainment, occupational status or employment, income, and financial support, whereas subjective psychological distress was evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Framed within the feminist and the ecological systems perspectives, the study established an association between SES and psychological distress. The proportions of female participants in the lower education and unemployment categories and lower-income bracket were considerably higher than males in the same category. Similarly, the study revealed that the proportion of females (27%) with severe depression was higher than males (19%). However, the gender difference was negligible with other subscales such as the somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, and social dysfunction. Bivariate associations revealed well-established gender differences, where women with low education and financial support reported higher levels of psychological distress. Multivariate analysis revealed that employment predicted a lower level of psychological distress in both men and women. The findings highlight that refugees’ access to employment is an essential factor in determining psychological well-being. Well-defined intervention strategies by government and humanitarian bodies are critical and should aim to empower refugees towards easy access to formal and informal labour market opportunities.

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Academic and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students. A cross-sectional study

Gaceta de M�xico ◽

10.24875/gmm.m19000319 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 156 (1) ◽

Author(s):

David Luna ◽

Diana Ivette Urquiza-Flores ◽

Rosa Paola Figuerola-Escoto ◽

Carolina Carreño-Morales ◽

Fernando Meneses-González

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Sociodemographic Predictors

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Hubungan Spiritualitas Dan Tipe Kepribadian Dengan Psychological Well-Being Remaja SMP Negeri 1 Banguntapan Bantul Yogyakarta

Photon: Jurnal Sain dan Kesehatan ◽

10.37859/jp.v11i1.2226 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

Burhanuddin Hartono ◽

I Made Moh. Yanuar Saifudin ◽

Supriyadi

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Correlation Study ◽

Personality Types ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Significance Level ◽

The Relationship

Teenagers are the next generation of the nation who are expected to be potential leaders of the nation. Therefore teenagers need to feel prosperous in order to develop and gain knowledge well. Psychological well-being is an important element that needs to be cultivated in individuals in order to fully strengthen engagement in facing responsibilities and achieving their potential. Psychological well-being is influenced by personality types and spirituality. Knowing the relationship between spirituality and personality types with psychological well-being teenagers in SMP Negeri 1 Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The research design used in this study was a descriptive correlation study with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were teenagers at SMP Negeri 1 Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The sampling technique used was proportional random sampling as many as 70 people. Data analysis using Chi Square statistical test with a significance level of 5%. Nurse spirituality was low category 36 (51%) respondents, extrovert personality type 39 (56%) respondents and low psychological well-being 37 (53%) respondents. There is a significant relationship between spirituality and psychological well-being with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.005). Then the relationship between spirituality and psychological well-being was also significant with a p-value of 0.015 (<0.005).

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A gender comparison of the psychological distress of medical students in Nigeria during the Coronavirus pandemic: A cross-sectional survey

10.1101/2020.11.08.20227967 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Oluwaseun Mercy Idowu ◽

OyinOluwa Gloria Adaramola ◽

Boluwatife Samson Aderounmu ◽

Ifeoluwa Delight Olugbamigbe ◽

Olaoluwa Ezekiel Dada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Gender Differences ◽

At Risk ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Medical Students ◽

Large Scale ◽

Online Survey ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractBackgroundThe Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic as a large scale stressor could have negative distress on the mental health on medical students. Since gender differences in mental health may exist between males and females, it would prove interesting to see if a large scale stressor such as the pandemic will cause variances in the psychological distress between both genders.This study assessed and compared the psychological distress of COVID-19 among male and female medical students in medical schools in South-Western NigeriaMaterials and methodsA cross-sectional online survey using was carried out among 1010 medical students from three largest universities in south western Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents were purposively selected, data was obtained on participants demographic and psychological distress was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12). Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 21 statistical software, chi square was used to assess gender differences, multivariate regression analysis assessed the predictors of psychological distress among both gendersand p values less than 0.05 were considered significant.ResultsFemale medical students are at a higher risk of psychological distress compared to their male counterparts (p<0.005). Females were almost twice at risk of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic than males (OR=1.534, 95% p=0.003). Females with a positive history of mental illness were five times more at risk of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to females with no previous mental health history (OR=5.102, p=0.002)ConclusionFemales were at higher risk of psychological distress compared to male students. Gender specific interventions addressing psychological distress among medical students are recommended.

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Level of Self Esteem Among Medical Students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan (IIUM) and Its Association With Religiosity

Ulum Islamiyyah ◽

10.33102/uij.vol33no2.309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 17-35

Author(s):

Azwanis Abdul Hadi ◽

Amirah Amiruddin ◽

Nurul Fitri Mustapa ◽

Muhammadi ‘Adil Zainal Abidin

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact ◽

Spearman’S Correlation

Medicine is one of the most difficult academic course that faces many psychological challenges. A high level of self-esteem is needed to cope with such challenges, and religiosity is seen as one of the approaches to increase one’s self esteem especially among Muslim medical students. This study aims to measure the level of self esteem among medical students and its association with religiosity. This online cross-sectional study was conducted among 178 International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Kuantan medical students using validated 10-items IIUM Religiosity Scale (IIUMReIS), and 10-items Rosenberg Self esteem Scale (RSES). Descriptive statistics was used to measure the level of self esteem while chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s correlation, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the association between self esteem with the predictors. More than half of the students (58.5%) have a high level of self esteem. They scored an average of 35 (IQR = 6) in terms of religiosity. Those with higher religiosity were predicted to have significantly high self esteem (r = 0.345). Other significant factor includes, frequency of voluntary prayer where daily practice has 0.3 lower odds of having low self esteem. (95% CI = 0.11, 0.85, p = 0.05) Majority of the students have a high level of self esteem. Implications suggest the role of religiosity and the impact of voluntary prayer. Early and consistent strengthening of self esteem via motivational, spiritual and religious programs may be advisable.

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Psychological well-being and substance abuse among adolescents (13 to 19 years) in Central Kerala

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183960 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 4283

Author(s):

Rajalakshmy Aiyappan ◽

Sherin Billy Abraham ◽

Aneeta Veronica Mary ◽

Amritalakshmy K. J. ◽

An Rahael V. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Abuse ◽

Nuclear Family ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychological Wellbeing ◽

Developmental Phase ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being

Background: Adolescence is a developmental phase between childhood and adulthood, a period where one gains a desire of intimacy and increased responsibilities. Based on their interaction with family and society, adolescents develop positive outcomes such as getting involved in healthy behaviour and negative outcomes such as depression and substance abuse. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of poor psychological well-being and substance abuse among adolescents (13 to 19 years) in Central Kerala, and to assess the role of substance abuse in psychological well-being in adolescents.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 300 secondary and higher secondary school students in three government aided institutions in Central Kerala. All students available in the school at the time of the study formed the inclusion criteria; however, 10th standard students were excluded. Data on basic demographic variables were collected. General Health Questionnaire and Adolescent Alcohol Drug Involvement Scale (AADIS) were used to collect information on psychological wellbeing and alcohol use. The data were entered and analysed using standard statistical package. For significance testing, Chi square test was carried out.Results: Mean age was 14.49 years with a standard deviation of 1.31. Males were 64.5% and 82.6% belonged to nuclear family. Psychological wellbeing was significantly better in males compared to females (p=0.025). Males (7.6%) and females (4.3%) were found to be using alcohol by AADIS questionnaire. Those who were not under the influence of alcohol had better well-being when compared to those who consumed alcohol (p=0.0016).Conclusions: Prevalence of poor psychological wellbeing and substance abuse among adolescents was 7.8% and 6.4% respectively. Females were more emotionally unstable than males. Substance abuse cause further deterioration of mental function in adolescents.

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Anxiety, Depression and Academic Performance: A Study Amongst Portuguese Medical Students Versus Non-Medical Students

Acta Médica Portuguesa ◽

10.20344/amp.9996 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (9) ◽

pp. 454 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

João Moreira de Sousa ◽

Cátia A. Moreira ◽

Diogo Telles-Correia

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Medical Students ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Academic Performance

Introduction: The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in Portuguese medical students compared to students of other faculties, and the possible impact those symptoms have on academic performance.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 750 students: 512 medical students and 238 nonmedical students. All students anonymously completed a socio-demographic survey and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, Spearman correlation coefficient or Kruskal-Wallis test.Results: We found a prevalence of 21.5% (n = 161) for anxiety symptoms and 3.7% (n = 28) for depressive symptoms. Being a medical student was more significantly associated with symptoms of anxiety (p = 0.034) compared with other students. Depressive symptoms were slightly associated with poor academic performance (p < 0.01). A percentage of 59.6% (n = 96) of students with anxiety symptoms and 46.4% (n = 13) of students with depressive symptoms did not seek medical or psychological care at that time.Discussion: Medical students in this sample seem to have more symptoms of anxiety, possibly explained by a higher number of female students in that sample. Depressive symptoms could be associated with poor academic performance in both groups, but an evident correlation was not established.Conclusion: Considering the high levels of anxiety symptoms, the possible impact of depressive symptoms in academic performance and the lack of psychiatric or psychological follow-up reported in this study, it is urgent to develop adequate means of support to improve students’ well-being and mental health.

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COVID-19 Lockdown and the Behavior Change on Physical Exercise, Pain and Psychological Well-Being: An International Multicentric Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073810 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3810

Author(s):

Anelise Sonza ◽

Danúbia da Cunha de Sá-Caputo ◽

Alessandro Sartorio ◽

Sofia Tamini ◽

Adérito Seixas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Online Survey ◽

Well Being ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Multicentric Study ◽

Brazilian Sample ◽

The Impact

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the following lockdown on physical exercise (PEx) practice, pain, and psychological well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional multicentric study was performed using a nonrandom convenience sampling from the general population (≥18 years-old) of 6 countries (Brazil, Italy, France, Portugal, Germany, and Spain) adopting social isolation (SI). The validated self-administered online survey (PEF-COVID19) was used. The tests T-test and Chi-square with Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model (p ˂ 0.05). Results: We included 3194 replies and ~80% of the respondents were in SI. Brazilian sample was highly influenced by the pandemic considering PEx practice and habits, pain, anxiety, and stress (p ˂ 0.05). Among the European countries, Italy presented the major changes. The model to predict the non-practice of PEx during SI showed that the variables countries, smoking, SI, and PEx level were significant predictors (p ˂ 0.001). Conclusion: The pandemic changed the PEx practice and habits, and the psychological well-being of populations in different manners. Countries, smoking, SI, and PEx level were predictors for the non-practice of PEx. Public health strategies are suggested to avoid sedentary lifestyles and quality of life decrease.

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING REMAJA SMP NEGERI 1 BANGUNTAPAN BANTUL YOGYAKARTA

Jurnal Perawat Indonesia ◽

10.32584/jpi.v4i3.635 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 437

Author(s):

Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽

I Made Moh. Yanuar Saifudin ◽

Burhanuddin Hartono

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Psychological Wellbeing ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Purposive Sampling

Remaja sebagai aset bangsa merupakan masa peralihan dari anak-anak kedewasa. Masa peralihan ini sering memunculkan permasalahan seperti kenakalan remaja. Kenakalan terjadi karena rehdahnya psychological wellbeing sehingga remaja tidak mampu beradaptasi pada masa perkembangannya dengan baik. psychological wellbeing dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin, usia, spiritualias dan tipe kepribadian. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan psychological well-being remaja di SMP Negeri 1 Banguntapan Bantul Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja di SMP Negeri 1 Banguntapan Bantul Yogyakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling didapatkan sample sebanyak 58 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan korelasi jenis kelamin (p=766), usia (p=0.030), spiritualitas (p=0.000) dan tipe kepribadian (p=0.015) dengan psychological well-being remaja di SMP Negeri 1 Banguntapan Bantul Yogyakarta.

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA SELF EFFICACY DENGAN KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS CAREGIVER DALAM MERAWAT LANSIA SKIZOFRENIA DI RSJ Dr. RADJIMAN WEDIODININGRAT LAWANG MALANG

Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing) ◽

10.33023/jikep.v6i1.330 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Roudlotul Jannah ◽

Joni Haryanto ◽

Yanis Kartini

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Well Being ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Significance Level ◽

Income Status ◽

Complete Problems ◽

Quality Life ◽

Education Levels

Background: The increasing number of elderly with schizophrenia in the world is growing rapidly. Abaout one from seven schizophrenic clients is older than 65 years old. Elderly with schizophrenia caused more complete problems related to diseases and aging process. The burden felt by the caregiver during caring for the patient will have an impact on the psychological well-being of the caregiver, indirectly will result in the low quality life of caregiver and the low quality of care provided to the patient. Objective: to determine the relationship between self efficacy and the psychological well-being of caregivers who taking care for elderly schizophrenia. Method: this study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design. Samples were 88 respondets, taken by systematic random sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analysis using correlation and chi square with a significance level of 95%. Results: result of the study showed that the majority of caregivers aged 26-45 years (adults) were 58 respondents (65.9%), female as many as 53 respondents (60.2%), had senior high school education levels as many as 37 respondents (42%) , income status less than Rp. 1,851,083 as many as 53 respondents (60.2%), relationship with patients was children as many as 52 respondents (59.1%). Conclusion: Self efficacy is very important for caregivers, with good efficacy will affect the readiness of caregivers to solved difficult situations that are stressful and stressful during treatment so that psychological well-being remains good even though the complexity of problems is faced while providing care for elderly schizophrenia. Keywords : self efficacy, caregiver, skizofrenia, elderly, psychological well being

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